DW-ENEM - A Data Warehouse for Analytics Exploration of National High School Exams Results - Companion Proceedings

Sep 5, 2026

National High School Exam (ENEM) data are publicly available but difficult to interpret because of their original format. This paper structures and analyzes ENEM data at a multidimensional level by proposing a data warehouse model and presenting analysis-driven graphs requested by Brazilian school coordinators. Analyses cover student performance context and include information on people with special needs and socioeconomic issues, enabling clearer, decision-oriented exploration for education stakeholders.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages6

Reading Time15 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Data sources and access context

Background and Related Work

Data warehouse concepts

Related works on ENEM data

DW-ENEM

Application requirements and proposed model

ETL workflow example

Companion Proceedings of the 37th Brazilian Symposium on Data Bases September 2022 – B´uzios, RJ, Brazil DW-ENEM: a Data Warehouse for Analytics Exploration of National High School Exams Results Saulo Fonseca1, Lucas Penedo1, Breno Antunes1, Sérgio Lifschitz2, Maria Luiza Machado Campos3, Ana Carolina Almeida1 1Department of Computer Science – State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) 2Department of Informatics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) 3Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ){saulomartins.martins, lucas.rmpenedo, [breno.cantunes626}@gmail.com](breno.cantunes626}@gmail.com) , [sergio@inf.puc-rio.br](sergio@inf.puc-rio.br) , [mluiza@ppgi.ufrj.br](mluiza@ppgi.ufrj.br) , [ana.almeida@ime.uerj.br](ana.almeida@ime.uerj.br) Abstract. The National High School Exam (ENEM) aims to assess the quality of high school education and serve as a gateway for students to public and private universities (national or foreign). Although these data are open, it is difficult to interpret because of the available format. This paper aims to structure and analyze ENEM data at a multidimensional level. We propose a multidimensional model of the data warehouse and present some graphs resulting from analyzes requested by coordinators of Brazilian schools. Such analyzes include information on people with special needs and data on socioeconomic issues. 1. Introduction The Law on Access to Information (LAI-nº 12.527/2011) guarantees that any person, individual or legal entity has access to public information from government agencies and entities. Given this, INEP (National Institute of Studies and Educational Researches Anísio Teixeira) provides several data on education in Brazil. One of these data is the annual result of ENEM (National High School Exam) . ENEM comprises the assessments necessary for a student to enter a university. The ENEM results are available in CSV format files. We may analyze ENEM data from different perspectives: school coordinator or responsible for students who will enter high school. For example, the school coordinator may use the data to assess which subjects and themes within those subjects the school needs improvement. On the other hand, those responsible for students may check the performance of students in each school, having an overview of each school. With this, it is possible to decide, for example, which schools their children could study at to enter, in the future, a reputable university. We may make both decisions considering the students'grades and the school's location (near the residence) . So, it is not enough to know the student's average grade. We could also consider all the information in the context of the assessment. Considering the wealth of information that ENEM brings and, at the same time, the difficulty of analyzing the amount of data available in text files, it is necessary to have a data model that structures these data and a database that stores them. Companion Proceedings of the 37th Brazilian Symposium on Data Bases September 2022 – B´uzios, RJ, Brazil This work proposes a data warehouse model to store ENEM's historical data and presents some of the results of the analyzes obtained. Background and related works are present in Section 2. We detail in Section 3 the data warehousing design. Finally, we show the resulting graphics and conclude this paper in Sections 4 and 5, respectively. 2. Background and Related Work Inmon et al. (2008) characterized a data warehouse (DW) as a subject-oriented, integrated, nonvolatile, time-variant collection of data supporting management's decisions. DW insertions are handled by the ETL (extract, transform, load) process, which does a large amount of preprocessing. The extract, transformation, and load (ETL) system of the DW/BI environment consists of a work area, instantiated data structures, and a set of processes [KIMBALL & ROSS, 2013]. Extraction is to get data into the

FAQs

What is the goal of the DW-ENEM approach described in the paper?

It proposes a multidimensional data warehouse model to structure and analyze ENEM historical data, enabling analytics exploration through graphs and decision-oriented queries.

Why is analyzing ENEM data difficult in its original format?

The paper explains that, although ENEM data are open, the available format makes interpretation challenging without a structured data model and supporting processes.

What kinds of analyses does the paper support for Brazilian education stakeholders?

The proposed model supports analyses requested by school coordinators, including information on people with special needs and socioeconomic issues, alongside student performance context.

Sep 5, 2026

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