Differences in cardiorespiratory fitness improvement following phase II cardiac rehabilitation program among post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients with varied risk factor profiles

Sep 29, 2026

Upload by Finn

Background: This retrospective study evaluates differences in cardiorespiratory fitness improvement after phase II cardiac rehabilitation in coronary artery bypass grafting patients with various risk factor profiles and examines the association between risk factors and fitness changes. Methods: Between October 2023 and March 2024, 45 patients were analyzed. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were assessed and patients were grouped by risk factors and risk factor count. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured pre- and post-rehabilitation using 6-minute walk distance, maximal oxygen consumption, and metabolic equivalents. Results: All groups showed significant improvement (p<0.05), with greater gains in obese patients (p=0.009). No significant correlation was found between risk factor count and improvement (p>0.05). Conclusion: Phase II rehabilitation improved cardiorespiratory fitness across profiles, with notably larger improvements in patients with obesity.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages9

Reading Time23 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keywords

Turkish Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2025;33(4):479-487 Orıgınal Artıcle / Özgün Makale Differences in cardiorespiratory fitness improvement following phase II cardiac rehabilitation program among post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients with varied risk factor profiles Çeşitli risk faktör profilleri olan koroner arter baypas greftleme yapılan hastalarda faz II kardiyak rehabilitasyon program sonrası kardiyorespiratuvar zindelik gelişimindeki farklılıklar Arnengsih Nazir1􀀬, Brandon Clementius2􀀬, Badai Bhatara Tiksnadi3􀀬, Nova Sylviana4􀀬, Januar Wibawa Martha3􀀬 Institution where the research was done: Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia Author Affiliations: 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia 2Department of Medical, Ukrida Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia 3Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia 4Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia ABSTRACT Background: This study aims to assess differences in cardiorespiratory fitness improvement after phase II cardiac rehabilitation in coronary artery bypass grafting patients with various risk factor profiles and to investigate their correlation. Methods: Between October 2023 and March 2024, a total of 45 patients (35 males, 10 females; mean age: 59.5±8.5 years; range, 55 to 64 years) who underwent phase II cardiac rehabilitation following coronary artery bypass grafting were retrospectively analyzed. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were assessed. The patients were classified according to the specific risk factors and risk factor count. Cardiorespiratory fitness parameters including 6-minute walk distance, maximal oxygen consumption, and metabolic equivalents before and after cardiac rehabilitation were recorded. Results: The average risk factor count was 2.3 per patient, with dyslipidemia most prevalent (73.3%) . The highest improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness was shown in patients with four risk factors and those who had obesity. A significant improvement in the cardiorespiratory fitness was observed in all patients, groups with one to four risk factors, and all specific risk factor groups (p<0.05) . Patients with obesity showed significantly greater cardiorespiratory fitness improvement, compared to non-obese patients (p=0.009) . There was no significant correlation between risk factor count and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement (p>0.05) . Conclusion: Cardiac rehabilitation significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness in all post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients, regardless of risk factor profiles, with notably greater improvements observed in patients with obesity. Clinically, these findings underscore the importance of universally recommending phase II cardiac rehabilitation in this patient group, particularly emphasizing tailored interventions in individuals with obesity to maximize rehabilitation outcomes and potentially reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, cardiorespiratory fitness, coronary artery bypass grafting, Coronary artery disease, risk factors. ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı risk profillerine sahip koroner arter baypas greftleme yapılan hastalarda faz II kardiyak rehabilitasyon sonrasında kardiyorespiratuvarzindelik açısından görülen farklılıklar değerlendirildi ve bunların ilişkisi araştırıldı . Çalışma planı: Ekim 2023-Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında, koroner arter baypas greftleme sonrası faz II kardiyak rehabilitasyon yapılan toplam 45 hasta (35 erkek, 10 kadın; ort. yaş: 59.5±8.5 yıl; dağılım, 55-64 yıl) retrospektif olarak incelendi. Obezite, hipertansiyon, diabetes mellitus ve dislipidemi değe

FAQs

What was the study’s main objective regarding cardiac rehabilitation outcomes?

To assess differences in cardiorespiratory fitness improvement after phase II cardiac rehabilitation among coronary artery bypass grafting patients with varied risk factor profiles, and to investigate their correlation.

How were patients evaluated and grouped in the study?

Between October 2023 and March 2024, 45 post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients were retrospectively analyzed. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were assessed, and patients were classified by specific risk factors and by risk factor count.

Which cardiorespiratory fitness measures were recorded before and after rehabilitation?

6-minute walk distance, maximal oxygen consumption, and metabolic equivalents were recorded before and after phase II cardiac rehabilitation.

Sep 29, 2026

Upload by Finn