Diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma with hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase with cirrhosis

Sep 29, 2026

Objective This retrospective study evaluated the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting hyperintensity on the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) in patients with cirrhosis. Methods The analysis included 130 cirrhosis patients with hyperintense lesions on HBP MRI (56 HCC; 74 benign cirrhotic nodules). Lesion morphology, signal features, diameter, and ADC were assessed. Univariate testing and multivariate logistic regression identified independent risk factors, followed by ROC-curve performance assessment and model calibration. Results The combined model achieved an AUC of 0.953 with 92.86% sensitivity and 86.49% specificity. A corresponding nomogram showed good calibration with the standard curve.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages12

Reading Time30 min

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Abstract

Introduction

Background and diagnostic challenges

Materials and methods

Population

Su etal. BMC Cancer (2026) 26:10 BMC Cancer [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-15365-5](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-15365-5) RESEARCH Open Access Diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma with hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase with cirrhosis Dongying Su 1*, Xiaochen Zhang2, Yaoyao Wu3, Ke Sun4, Yiwen Chen5 and Wenbo Xiao3* Abstract Objective This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase (HBP) under the background of cirrhosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 130 patients diagnosed with cirrhosis and exhibiting hyperintense lesions on HBP in Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI from January 2015 to December 2022. Of these patients, 56 were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and 74 had benign cirrhotic nodules. The morphology, signal characteristics, diameter, and ADC value of each lesion were evaluated. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the independent risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma and construct a diagnostic model. The diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results We established a diagnostic model by combining the independent risk factors of HCC with hyperintensity on HBP, with an area under the ROC curve of 0 . 953, sensitivity and specificity were 92. 86%、 86.49% respectively. Furthermore, a nomogram model for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma with HBP hyperintensity was developed and demonstrated good calibration, fitting well with the standard curve. Conclusion In hepatocellular carcinoma with HBP hyperintensity, the presence of mild-moderate T2-weighted imaging hyperintensity, absence of rim arterial phase hyperenhancement, diffusion-weighted imaging hyperintensity, ADC value ≤ 1.103 × 10− 3mm2/s, and peritumoral hyperintensity on HBP in Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI can provide valuable diagnostic information. Keywords Gd-EOB-DTPA, Cirrhosis, Hepatobiliary phase, Hyperintensity, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Diagnostic model *Correspondence: Dongying Su[sdying0909@163.com](sdying0909@163.com)[ ](sdying0909@163.com)Wenbo Xiao [xiaowenbo@zju.edu.cn](xiaowenbo@zju.edu.cn) 1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, China 2Department of Medical oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 3Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 4Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 5Department of Hepatobiliary surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China © The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/l](vecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc

FAQs

What was the study objective regarding HCC and HBP hyperintensity?

To explore the diagnostic value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma with hyperintensity on hepatobiliary phase under cirrhosis.

How many patients were included, and what were the main groups?

A total of 130 cirrhosis patients with hyperintense lesions on HBP were included: 56 diagnosed with HCC and 74 with benign cirrhotic nodules.

Which diagnostic performance metrics were reported for the developed model?

The diagnostic model combining independent risk factors reported an ROC AUC of 0.953, with sensitivity of 92.86% and specificity of 86.49%.

Sep 29, 2026

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