Determination of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma on raw tissue using Raman spectroscopy

Sep 24, 2026

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Cancer detection remains a global research focus, driving development of rapid, label-free tools suited to routine clinical use. This observational study evaluates Raman spectroscopy for identifying cancer in unstained, formalin-fixed, resected esophagus and stomach specimens. Raman-scattered light spectra are acquired from endoscopically resected tissues, linked to histological differences in mucosal structures. Data analysis at the molecular level establishes diagnostic cut-off values and an algorithm to classify esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma with accuracy comparable to histopathology.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages13

Reading Time33 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Background

Aim

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Citation

| W | J | G | World Journal of
Gastroenterology | | --- | --- | --- | --- | Submit a Manuscript: [https://www.f6publishing.com](https://www.f6publishing.com) World J Gastroenterol 2023 May 28; 29(20): 3145-3156 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i20.3145 ISSN 1007-9327 (print) ISSN 2219-2840 (online) ORIGINAL ARTICLE Observational Study Determination of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma on raw tissue using Raman spectroscopy Hiroaki Ito, Naoyuki Uragami, Tomokazu Miyazaki, Yuto Shimamura, Haruo Ikeda, Yohei Nishikawa, Manabu Onimaru, Kai Matsuo, Masayuki Isozaki, William Yang, Kenji Issha, Satoshi Kimura, Machiko Kawamura, Noboru Yokoyama, Miki Kushima, Haruhiro Inoue Specialty type: Gastroenterology and hepatology Provenance and peer review: Invited article; Externally peer reviewed. Peer-review model: Single blind Peer-review report’s scientific quality classification Grade A (Excellent): 0 Grade B (Very good): 0 Grade C (Good): C Grade D (Fair): 0 Grade E (Poor): 0 P-Reviewer: Gao SG, China Received: December 12, 2022 Peer-review started: December 12, 2022 First decision: March 9, 2023 Revised: April 10, 2023 Accepted: April 27, 2023 Article in press: April 27, 2023 Published online: May 28, 2023 Hiroaki Ito, Naoyuki Uragami, Yuto Shimamura, Haruo Ikeda, Yohei Nishikawa, Manabu Onimaru, Kai Matsuo, Masayuki Isozaki, Noboru Yokoyama, Haruhiro Inoue, Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan Tomokazu Miyazaki, JSR Corporation, Tokyo 105-0021, Japan William Yang, Bay Spec Inc., San Jose, CA 95131, United States Kenji Issha, Fuji Technical Research Inc., Yokohama 220-6215, Japan Satoshi Kimura, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Clinical Laboratory, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan Machiko Kawamura, Department of Hematology, Saitama Cancer Center, Inamachi 362-0806, Japan Miki Kushima, Department of Pathology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135- 8577, Japan Corresponding author: Hiroaki Ito, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, 5-1-38 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan. [h.ito@med.showa-u.ac.jp](h.ito@med.showa-u.ac.jp) Abstract BACKGROUND Cancer detection is a global research focus, and novel, rapid, and label-free techniques are being developed for routine clinical practice. This has led to the development of new tools and techniques from the bench side to routine clinical practice. In this study, we present a method that uses Raman spectroscopy (RS) to detect cancer in unstained formalin-fixed, resected specimens of the esophagus and stomach. Our method can record a clear Raman-scattered light spectrum in these specimens, confirming that the Raman-scattered light spectrum changes because of the histological differences in the mucosal tissue. AIM To evaluate the use of Raman-scattered light spectrum for detecting endoscop- WJG [https://www.wjgnet.com](https://www.wjgnet.com) 3145 May 28, 2023 Volume 29 Issue 20 Ito H et al. Detecting SCC and AC using RS ically resected specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and gastric adenocarcinoma (AC) . METHODS We created a Raman device that is suitable for observing living tissues, and attempted to acquire Raman-scattered light spectra in endoscopically resected specimens of six esophageal tissues and 12 gastric tissues. We evaluated formalin-fixed tissues using this technique and captured shifts at multiple locations based on feasibility, ranging from six to 19 locations 200 microns apart in the vertical and horizontal directions. Furthermore, a correlation between the obtained Raman scattered light spectra and histopathological diagnosis was performed. RESULTS We successfully obtained Raman scattered light spectra from all six esophageal and 12 gastric specimens. After data capture, the tissue spec

FAQs

What technique is used to detect cancer in the study?

Raman spectroscopy is used to record Raman-scattered light spectra from unstained formalin-fixed esophageal and gastric specimens.

What specimens and sampling strategy are evaluated?

Raman spectra are acquired from endoscopically resected specimens including six esophageal tissues and 12 gastric tissues, with shifts measured at multiple locations separated by 200 microns.

How are diagnostic cut-off values and classification performed?

Molecular-level analysis of the Raman spectra is used to establish cut-off values for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma, followed by an algorithm that matches histopathological diagnoses closely.

Sep 24, 2026

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