DESIGN OF CIRCULAR OVERHEAD WATER TANK BY WSM & LSM - Method

Oct 29, 2026

Water tanks are widely used for storing water and they play a vital role in everyday life. Storage reservoirs and overhead water tanks are essential for keeping water for domestic use as well as for liquid storage needs. This project outlines the theory and design basis of an overhead circular water tank as a liquid-retaining structure using both limit state method (LSM) and working stress method (WSM), following relevant IS code concepts for safe structural design.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages14

Reading Time35 min

AccessFree to download

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Proposed Site

1.2 Sources of Water Supply

2. OBJECTIVES

3. METHODOLOGY

4. DESIGN OF CIRCULAR OVERHEAD WATER TANK

I. POPULATION FORECAST

a. Arithmetic Progression Method

b. Geometric Progression Method

c. Incremental Increase Method

DESIGN OF CIRCULAR OVERHEAD WATER TANK BY WSM & LSM METHOD Shruti sukhadhan1, vibha mulik2, shivkanya ambedkar3 123 UG students, Dept. of civil Engineering, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Maharashtra, India *** -------------------------- ------------------------------------------- - --------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Water tanks are widely used for storing water. Water storage is very important as it plays a vital role in everyday life. Storage reservoirs and water tanks are used to store water, liquid petroleum, petroleum products and similar liquids. This project gives in brief, The theory behind the design of liquid retaining structure (Overhead Circular Water Tank) using Limit state method and Working stress method. Key Words: Circular overhead water tank with top and bottom dome, population forecasting method, working stress method, limit state method, IS code, etc. 1. INTRODUCTION Water tanks parameters include the general design of the tank and choice of construction materials, linings. Reinforced concrete water tank design is based on IS code. The design depends on the location of tank i.e., overhead, on the ground or underground water tanks. Tanks can be made of RCC or even of steel. The overhead tanks are usually elevated from the ground level using a number of column and beams. On the other hand, the underground tanks rest below the ground level. Water tanks can be classified into two types: 􀂙 Based on location – 􀁸 Tanks resting on ground 􀁸 Tanks under ground 􀁸 Elevated tanks 􀂙 Based on shapes – 􀁸 Circular tanks 􀁸 Rectangular tanks 􀁸 Square tanks 􀁸 Spherical tanks 􀁸 Intze tanks The elevated water tanks must remain functional even after the earthquakes as water tanks are required to provide water for drinking and firefighting purpose. These structures has large mass concentrated atthe top of slender supporting structure hence these structure are especially vulnerable to horizontal forces due to earthquakes. All over the world, the elevated water tanks were collapsed or heavily damaged during the earthquakes because of unsuitable design of supporting system or wrong selection of supporting system and underestimated demand or overestimated strength. 1.1 Proposed Site The proposed site for our project is located at Ghumri village of Karjat taluka at Ahmednagar district. Our site situated atthe place where all the natural condition are suitable for the construction of elevated overhead water tank. This location is one of the developing areas, where thereis steady increase in population in recent years. The population of the area according to recent survey is around 1816. Thus this location requires a periodic water supply system at least twice a week. This location consist nearly 50% agricultural land. Around 450+ houses are there and so it requires more than 100 m³ capacity water tank. From the three major types of water tank, we had adopted elevated overhead circular water tank because the location needs pressurized water supply. 1.2 Sources of Water Supply The various sources of water can be classified into two categories: 􀂙 Surface sources – 􀁸 Ponds and lakes 􀁸 Streams and rivers 􀁸 Storage reservoir 􀁸 Oceans 􀂙 Sub surface sources – 􀁸 Springs 􀁸 Infiltration wells 􀁸 Wells and tube wells 2. OBJECTIVES 􀁸 To make a study about the design of water tanks. 􀁸 Design of circular overhead water tank by LSM method. 􀁸 Design of circular overhead water tank by WSM method. 􀁸 Comparison between WSM and LSM method. 􀁸 Preparing a water tanks design which is economical and safe, providing proper steel reinforcement in concrete and studying its safety according to various codes. Table-1: Detail of data collection | Capacity of tank | 450 m³ | | --- | --- | | Soil bearing capacity (SBC) | 20 MT/m² | | Height of tank from ground | 20.35 m | | Grade of concrete for all members | M30 | | G

FAQs

What design approaches does the project compare for the overhead circular water tank?

The project considers two approaches: the working stress method (WSM) and the limit state method (LSM). It also includes a comparison between the two.

Why is an elevated overhead water tank considered vulnerable during earthquakes?

Elevated tanks concentrate large mass at the top of slender supporting structures, making them especially vulnerable to horizontal earthquake forces.

How is population forecasting used in the tank design process?

Population forecasting is used to estimate the future population of the proposed site, which supports planning the required water capacity. The document presents multiple forecasting methods, including arithmetic progression and geometric progression.

Oct 29, 2026

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