Decoding immune-related gene-signatures in colorectal neoplasia

Sep 21, 2026

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health burden, and Norway shows particularly high incidence. The immune response can both restrain tumor development and support tumor growth through immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. This study screens immune-related gene expression to identify CRC and adenomatous polyp genes in a Norwegian cohort, evaluating their potential as detection biomarkers and early indicators of carcinogenesis.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages17

Reading Time43 min

AccessFree to download

Introduction

Immune system roles in CRC

Tumor microenvironment and immunological interactions

Study rationale

TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 24 June 2024 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407995 OPEN ACCESS EDITED BY David Gibbons, St. Vincent ’s University Hospital, Ireland REVIEWED BY Sweta Ghosh, University of Louisville, United States Anne Jarry, Institut National de la Sante´ et de la Recherche Me´ dicale (INSERM), France *CORRESPONDENCE Thura Akrem Omran [thura.omran@gmail.com](thura.omran@gmail.com) †These authors share senior authorship RECEIVED 27 March 2024 ACCEPTED 10 June 2024 PUBLISHED 24 June 2024 CITATION Omran TA, Tunsjø HS, Jahanlu D, Brackmann SA, Bemanian V and Sæther PC (2024) Decoding immune-related genesignatures in colorectal neoplasia. Front. Immunol. 15:1407995 . doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407995 COPYRIGHT © 2024 Omran, Tunsjø, Jahanlu, Brackmann, Bemanian and Sæther. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Decoding immune-related genesignatures in colorectal neoplasia Thura Akrem Omran 1*, Hege Smith Tunsjø 1, David Jahanlu 1, Stephan Andreas Brackmann 2,3, Vahid Bemanian 4† and Per Christian Sæther 5† 1 Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway, 2 Division of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway, 3 Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 4 Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway, 5 Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a signiﬁcant health issue, with notable incidence rates in Norway. The immune response plays a dual role in CRC, offering both protective effects and promoting tumor growth. This research aims to provide a detailed screening of immune-related genes and identify speciﬁc genes in CRC and adenomatous polyps within the Norwegian population, potentially serving as detection biomarkers. Methods: The study involved 69 patients (228 biopsies) undergoing colonoscopy, divided into CRC, adenomatous polyps, and control groups. We examined the expression of 579 immune genes through nCounter analysis emphasizing differential expression in tumor versus adjacent non-tumoroustissue and performed quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) across patient categories. Results: Key ﬁndings include the elevated expression of CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8 (IL8), PTGS2, and SPP1 in CRC tissues. Additionally, CXCL1, CXCL2, IL6, CXCL8, and PTGS2 showed signiﬁcant expression changes in adenomatous polyps, suggesting their early involvement in carcinogenesis. Conclusions: This study uncovers a distinctive immunological signature in colorectal neoplasia among Norwegians, highlighting CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8, PTGS2, and SPP1 as potential CRC biomarkers. These ﬁndings warrant further research to conﬁrm their role and explore their utility in non-invasive screening strategies. KEYWORDS colorectal cancer (CRC), immunology, biomarker potential, adenomatous polyps, gene expression, Norway Frontiers in Immunology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org) 1 Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancer types and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity across the world. Norway has one of the world’s highest rates of CRC, with 4745 newly diagnosed cases in 2022 (1) . The reasons for such a high incidence of CRC in Norway remain unknown. Environmental factors such as diet and lifestyle, as well as genetic disposition, contribute to the development

FAQs

What was the aim of this research on colorectal neoplasia?

To screen immune-related genes and identify specific genes in CRC and adenomatous polyps in the Norwegian population for potential detection biomarkers.

How was gene expression measured in the study?

Immune gene expression was assessed using nCounter analysis across tumor versus adjacent non-tumor tissue, followed by RT-qPCR across patient categories.

Which immune-related genes showed increased expression in CRC tissues?

CXCL1, CXCL2, IL1B, IL6, CXCL8 (IL8), PTGS2, and SPP1 were elevated in CRC tissues.

Sep 21, 2026

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