Country Private Sector Diagnostic - Creating Markets in Vietnam - Bolstering the Private Sector during COVID-19 and Beyond

Jul 19, 2026

Upload by Riley

This Country Private Sector Diagnostic examines Vietnam’s private sector landscape and identifies value propositions, constraints, and sector opportunities. It applies an integrated approach combining horizontal and vertical issues, including regulation, competition, state-owned enterprise reform, and access to finance through systems for secured transactions, supply chain finance, capital markets, and fintech. It also addresses skills gaps, infrastructure services, and market institutions and governance. The study frames priorities for relief, restructuring, and resilient recovery during and after COVID-19.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages123

Reading Time5 h 10 min

AccessFree to download

What is the Value Proposition of the Vietnam CPSD?

Abbreviations

Acknowledgements

Executive Summary

Summary of Reform Recommendations

1 Introduction

2 Country Context

3 State of the Enterprise Sector in Vietnam

4 Key Cross-Cutting Constraints Holding Back

4.1 Leveling the Playing Field for All Firms

4.2 Enhancing Access to Finance

4.3 Bridging Skills Gaps and Shortages

4.4 Core Infrastructure Services That Support Growth

4.5 Strengthening Market Institutions, Governance, and Implementation Capacity

5 Key Sectoral Opportunities for Greater Private Sector Participation

5.1 Higher Education and Technical Vocational Education and Training

5.2 Agribusiness

5.3 Tourism

6 Detailed Recommendations

References

Appendix A Enterprises and Employees

Appendix B Vietnam’s 2018 Competition Law

Endnotes

Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public COUNTRY PRIVATE SECTOR DIAGNOSTIC CREATING MARKETS IN VIETNAM Bolstering the Private Sector during COVID-19 and Beyond: Relief, Restructuring, and Resilient Recovery September 2021 A study by World Bank and International Finance Corporation. About IFC IFC—a member of the World Bank Group—is the largest global development institution focused on the private sector in emerging markets. We work in more than 100 countries, using our capital, expertise, and influence to create markets and opportunities in developing countries. In fiscal year 2021, IFC committed a record $31.5 billion to private companies and financial institutions in developing countries, leveraging the power of the private sector to end extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity as economies grapple with the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. For more information, visit [www.ifc.org](www.ifc.org). © International Finance Corporation 2021. All rights reserved. 2121 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433 [www.ifc.org](www.ifc.org) The material in this work is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. IFC does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content included in this work, or for the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility or liability for any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in the content whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The findings, interpretations, views, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the International Finance Corporation or of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank) or the governments they represent. Photo Credits Cover photo: Workers at a production line in the electronics manufacturer Hanel PT. Photo by IFC. CONTENTS WHAT IS THE VALUE PROPOSITION OF THE VIETNAM CPSD? 2 ABBREVIATIONS 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9 SUMMARY OF REFORM RECOMMENDATIONS 26 1 INTRODUCTION 32 2 COUNTRY CONTEXT 36 3 STATE OF THE ENTERPRISE SECTOR IN VIETNAM 42 4 KEY CROSS-CUTTING CONSTRAINTS HOLDING BACK 51 PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION 4.1 Leveling the Playing Field for All Firms 52 Strengthening and modernizing the business regulatory framework 52 Opening up markets and sectors through competition and SOE reforms 52 4.2 Enhancing Access to Finance 56 Secured transactions system 58 Supply chain finance 59 Capital markets 63 Fintech in Vietnam 65 4.3 Bridging Skills Gaps and Shortages 68 4.4 Core Infrastructure Services That Support Growth 69 Improving domestic logistics services 70 Ensuring reliable and clean energy supply 74 4.5 Strengthening Market Institutions, Governance, and Implementation Capacity 81 Corporate governance 81 2018 Competition Law 83 Vietnam Competition Authority 85 5 KEY SECTORAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR GREATER PRIVATE 86 SECTOR PARTICIPATION 5.1 Higher Education and Technical Vocational Education and Training 86 Higher education 87 TVET 89 5.2 Agribusiness 92 Sector performance 93 Constraints to private sector development 94 5.3 Tourism 97 Sector performance 97 Constraints on private sector development 99 6 DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS 100 REFERENCES 111 APPENDIX A ENTERPRISESAND EMPLOYEES 116 APPENDIX B VIETNAM’S 2018 COMPETITION LAW 117 ENDNOTES 118 WHAT IS THE VALUE PROPOSITION OF THE VIETNAM CPSD? • Integrated Private Sector Development (PSD) approach: The Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD) integrates existing PSD work on Vietnam and provides new knowledge in areas related to conglomerates, sector-specific issues, and the impact of COVID-19 on businesses using new business pulse firm surveys in Vietnam.

FAQs

What is the purpose of the Vietnam CPSD framework presented in the report?

The report provides an integrated Country Private Sector Diagnostic for Vietnam, combining existing work with new analysis on conglomerates, sector-specific issues, and COVID-19 impacts. It offers a common basis for government, the private sector, and the World Bank Group to engage on private sector priorities.

How does the diagnostic address COVID-19 effects on Vietnam’s markets?

It highlights a twin focus: minimizing market destruction in the short term and restructuring markets in the medium term. It also defines a recovery phase centered on revitalizing firms and affected sectors while strengthening and reshaping markets.

Which areas does the report target to enable private sector participation and growth?

It covers constraints and opportunities across the business environment, access to finance, skills and shortages, infrastructure services, and market institutions including governance and implementation capacity. It then translates these into detailed recommendations and sector opportunities.

Jul 19, 2026

Upload by Riley