Changes in disease burden and global inequalities in bladder, kidney and prostate cancers from 1990 to 2019 - a comparative analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019

Sep 21, 2026

Bladder, kidney and prostate cancers contribute substantially to overall cancer burden, yet cross-country inequality patterns remain crucial for advancing equity goals before 2030. Using Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 data, the analysis estimated age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rates and quantified disparities with slope index of inequality and concentration index linked to national sociodemographic index. Results show heterogeneous trends across 204 regions, with sex-specific differences and tailored intervention priorities for higher versus lower socioeconomic groups.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

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Pages10

Reading Time25 min

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Introduction

Huang et al. BMC Public Health (2024) 24:891 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18353-9](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18353-9) BMC Public Health RESEARCH Open Access Changes in disease burden and global inequalities in bladder, kidney and prostate cancers from 1990 to 2019: a comparative analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019 Qiao Huang1†, Jun Yang2†, Guo‑Xiong Liu3, Hao Zi1,4, Shi‑Di Tang1,4, Hai‑Chang Jia1,4, Wei Li5*, Xiao‑Feng Xu3* and Xian‑Tao Zeng1,4* Abstract Background Bladder, kidney and prostate cancers make significant contributors to cancer burdens. Exploring their cross‑country inequalities may inform equitable strategies to meet the 17 sustainable development goals before 2030. Methods We analyzed age‑standardized disability‑adjusted life‑years (ASDALY) rates for the three cancers based on Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. We quantified the inequalities using slope index of inequality (SII, absolute measure) and concentration index (relative measure) associated with national sociodemographic index. Results Varied ASDALY rates were observed in the three cancers across 204 regions. The SII decreased from 35.15 (95% confidence interval, CI: 29.34 to 39 . 17) in 1990 to 15.81 (95% CI: 7.99 to 21 . 79) in 2019 for bladder cancers, from 78.94 (95% CI: 75.97 to 81 . 31) in 1990 to 59.79 (95% CI: 55.32 to 63 . 83) in 2019 for kidney cancer, and from 192.27 (95% CI: 137.00 to 241 . 05) in 1990 to − 103.99 (95% CI: − 183.82 to 51 . 75) in 2019 for prostate cancer. Moreover, the concentration index changed from 12.44 (95% CI, 11.86 to 12. 74) in 1990 to 15.72 (95% CI, 15.14 to 16. 01) in 2019 for bladder cancer, from 33.88 (95% CI: 33.35 to 34 . 17) in 1990 to 31.13 (95% CI: 30.36 to 31 .43) in 2019 for kidney can‑ cer, and from 14.61 (95% CI: 13.89 to 14. 84) in 1990 to 5.89 (95% CI: 5.16 to 6 . 26) in 2019 for prostate cancer. Notably, the males presented higher inequality than females in both bladder and kidney cancer from 1990 to 2019. Conclusions Different patterns of inequality were observed in the three cancers, necessitating tailored national can‑ cer control strategies to mitigate disparities. Priority interventions for bladder and kidney cancer should target higher socioeconomic regions, whereas interventions for prostate cancer should prioritize the lowest socioeconomic regions. †Qiao Huang and Jun Yang are the co‑first authors. *Correspondence: Wei Li[liweioo2014@163.com](liweioo2014@163.com)[ ](liweioo2014@163.com)Xiao‑Feng Xu [1536238305@qq.com](1536238305@qq.com)[ ](1536238305@qq.com)Xian‑Tao Zeng zengxiantao1 [128@163.com](128@163.com); zengxiantao1 [128@whu.edu.cn](128@whu.edu.cn) Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ()[. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ()[http://creativecom](http://creativecom)‑ [mons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](mons.org/pu

FAQs

What is the study focusing on regarding bladder, kidney, and prostate cancers?

It examines how disease burden and global inequalities for these cancers changed from 1990 to 2019 across countries and regions.

Which metrics and data sources are used to measure inequalities?

Age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rates are calculated from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019, and inequalities are quantified using slope index of inequality and concentration index based on national sociodemographic index.

What general inequality patterns are reported across the three cancers?

The three cancers show different inequality patterns over time, with males generally presenting higher inequality than females for bladder and kidney cancer from 1990 to 2019.

Sep 21, 2026

Uploaded by Lucas Martin