Cell Structure and Function - Day 1 Biology 10-Day EOC Review Practice Problems

Sep 30, 2026

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A set of Day 1 biology review questions focused on cell structure and function, using TEKS B.4B and B.4C. The problems assess understanding of ATP’s role in active transport, cell membrane functions and homeostasis, osmosis in hypotonic environments, and glucose’s role in energy processes. Questions also compare viruses and cells by structure and reproduction steps, and include applications such as identifying diseases based on characteristics and generalizing differences between viruses and bacteria.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryExam

FormatPDF

Pages37

Reading Time1 h 33 min

AccessFree to download

Cell Structure and Function (Day 1)

Cell membrane, ATP, and transport

Homeostasis and osmosis (hypotonic environments)

Glucose and energy processes

Viruses versus cells (structure and replication)

Disease characteristics and virus/bacteria comparisons

DAY 1 – Biology 10-Day EOC Review Name Period Cell Structure and Function Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C | 1. The model below represents a cell membrane . What is the role of ATP in this process?

A provide energy for the diffusion of molecules within the cell
B provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell membrane
C synthesis of a carrier protein to passively transport
molecules across the cell membrane D provide energy for cellular respiration | 3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled “A”in the diagram below .

A controls what enters and leaves the cell and
maintains homeostasis B contains the chromosomes of the cell C breaks down food to release energy D creates proteins | | --- | --- | | 2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater
concentration of salt than the cytoplasm inside the cell, the
cell will most likely: F gain water G increase in size H initiate mitosis J lose water | 4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell?
F ATP releasing energy
G oxygen moving across the cell membrane H glucose bonding to form starch
J a cell maintaining homeostasis | © Hedgehog Learning. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only. DAY 1 – Biology 10-Day EOC Review Name Period Cell Structure and Function Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C | 5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water to diffuse into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based on this information, which of the following is true?
A Less energy is required for the cell to maintain homeostasis in a hypotonic environment than in an isotonic environment.
B Homeostasis is primarily achieved through active transport of water into the cell in a hypotonic environment.
C A paramecium uses more energy in a hypotonic environment than in a hypertonic environment.
D More energy is required for the cell to maintain homeostasis in a hypertonic environment. | 7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram comparing viruses and cells?
Viruses Cells
A A – protein coat; B – nucleic acids; C – nucleus B A – organelles; B – nucleus; C – nucleic acids C A – cell wall; B – nucleic acids; C – nucleus
D A – complex structure; B – organelles; C – cell wall
| | --- | --- | | 6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which statement best describes the role of glucose?

F Glucose is converted into energy through photosynthesis in plant cells.
G Glucose is synthesized during photosynthesis in plant cells.
H Glucose is synthesized through respiration in animal cells.
J Mitochondria release energy by bonding glucose molecules together. | 8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence . What process is missing from this descriptive model?

F the virus releases its nucleic acids
G the virus forces the cell to undergo mitosis H the virus divides itself
J the virus uses the cell’s energy to grow larger | © Hedgehog Learning. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only. DAY 1 – Biology 10-Day EOC Review Name Period Cell Structure and Function Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C | 9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics:
􀀁 no self-metabolic process
􀀁 rapid reproduction
􀀁 does not respond to antibiotics
Which of the following answer choices is a possible
identification of this disease? A food poisoning (E. coli) B skin cancer
C sinus bacterial infection
D influenza | 11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one another. Which of the following would be a true generalization?
A Viruses are able to reproduce similar to bacteria through mitosis.
B Bacteria and viruses both utilize host cells for their energy.
C Antibiotics are effective in treating bacterial and vi

FAQs

What role does ATP play in movement across a cell membrane?

ATP provides energy for active transport of molecules across the cell membrane.

How does a paramecium maintain homeostasis in a hypotonic environment?

Water diffuses into the cell, and the paramecium contracts its vacuole to pump water out, helping maintain homeostasis.

What is a key difference between viruses and cells based on their structures?

Cells have internal organelles and a nucleus, while viruses have an external protein coat and nucleic acids but do not contain typical cell organelles.

Sep 30, 2026

Upload by Miles