Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence - analysis of trends and spatial distribution in the 133 intermediate Brazilian regions grouped by macroregions

Sep 21, 2026

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Assessing childhood and adolescent cancer mortality between 1996 and 2017 across 133 Brazilian intermediate regions, this ecological study evaluates magnitude, temporal trends, and spatial patterns using socioeconomic and health-care services indicators. Death data come from Brazil’s Mortality Information System, and population denominators from 1991, 2000, and 2010 demographic censuses with interpolation for intercensal years. Regions are grouped by macroregions; cancer-specific mortality time series are modeled with Prais-Winsten autoregression. Results show higher all-neoplasm mortality in the Northern region and higher leukemia mortality in the Southern region, with greater rates in boys and ages 0–4.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

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ABSTRACT

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INTRODUCTION

[www.scielo.br/rbepid](www.scielo.br/rbepid Revista Brasileira de)[ Revista Brasileira de](www.scielo.br/rbepid Revista Brasileira de) Epidemiologia [https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003](https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003) ORIGINAL ARTICLE Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence: analysis of trends and spatial distribution in the 133 intermediate Brazilian regions grouped by macroregions Mortalidade por câncer na infância e adolescência: análises de tendência e distribuição espacial nas 133 regiões intermediárias brasileiras agrupadas por macrorregiões Kamila Tessarolo VelameI , José Leopoldo Ferreira AntunesI IUniversidade de São Paulo, School of Public Health – São Paulo (SP), Brazil. ABSTRACT | Objective: To assess the magnitude, trend, and spatial patterns of childhood and adolescent cancer mortality between 1996 and 2017 in 133 Brazilian intermediate regions by using socioeconomic and healthcare services indicators. Methods: This is an ecological study for analyzing the trend of mortality from cancer in childhood and adolescence through time series. Data on deaths were extracted from the Brazilian Mortality Information System. Data on population were extracted from the 1991, 2000, and 2010 demographic censuses of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, with interpolation for intercensal years. Time series were delineated for mortality by type of cancer in each intermediate region. Such regions were grouped by macroregions to present the results. The calculation and interpretation of mortality trends use the Prais-Winsten autoregression procedure. Results: Mortality rates for all neoplasms were higher in the Northern region (7 .79 deaths per 100 thousand population), while for leukemias, they were higher in the Southern region (1 .61 deaths per 100 thousand population) . In both regions, mortality was higher in boys and in the 0-4 age group. The trend was decreasing (annual percent change [APC] – -2.11 [95%CI: -3. 14; - 1.30]) for all neoplasms in the Brazilian regions and stationary (APC – -0.43 [95%CI: -1. 61; 2. 12]) for leukemias in the analyzed period. Conclusion: The mortality rate for all neoplasms showed higher values in regions with smaller numbers of ICU beds in the public healthcare system.
Keywords: Epidemiology. Cancer. Mortality. Time series. | | --- | | CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Kamila Tessarolo Velame. Rua Ludwik Macal, 1205, Jardim da Penha, CEP 29060-030, Vitória (ES), Brazil. E-mail: [kamila.velame@gmail.com](kamila.velame@gmail.com). | | CONFLICT OF INTERESTS: nothing to declare | | HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Velame KT, Antunes JLF. Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence: analysis of trends and spatial distribution in the 133 intermediate Brazilian regions grouped by macroregions. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2024; 27: e240003 . [https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003](https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003) | This is an open article distributed under the CC-BY 4.0 license, which allows copying and redistribution of the material in any format and for any purpose as long asthe original authorship and publication credits are maintained. Received on: 04/14/2023 Reviewed on: 10/26/2023 Accepted on: 11/01/2023 Cancer mortality in childhood and adolescence. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2024; 27: e240003 1 [www.scielo.br/rbepid](www.scielo.br/rbepid) [https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003](https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720240003) INTRODUCTION Cancer in childhood and adolescence, a serious public health issue, accounts for 2 to 3% of all cancers in Brazil1. In low- and middle-income countries, cancers in childhood and adolescence are often fatal due to the lack of early diagnosis and treatment. This occurs due to the lack of population screening programs or lifestyle-related risk reduction strategies that are more effective in obtaining favorable results. Childhood cancer, therefore, is often fatal when appropriate diagnosis and treatment are not ca

FAQs

What is the main objective of the study?

To assess the magnitude, trends, and spatial patterns of childhood and adolescent cancer mortality in 133 Brazilian intermediate regions from 1996 to 2017.

How were mortality trends analyzed?

Mortality trends were calculated and interpreted using the Prais-Winsten autoregression procedure across cancer types for each intermediate region.

What spatial and demographic patterns were found?

All-neoplasm mortality was higher in the Northern region, leukemia mortality was higher in the Southern region, and mortality was higher in boys and in the 0–4 age group.

Sep 21, 2026

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