Availability of genome-matched therapy based on clinical practice

Sep 21, 2026

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Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) enables advanced cancer patients to receive genome-matched therapies, yet real-world availability remains limited. This study reviews CGP results from clinical cases and examines druggable genomic alterations and practical barriers to accessing matching treatments. Among 653 patients across 30 cancer types, overall availability reached 9.5%. Higher utility was observed in thyroid and lung cancers for druggable alterations, while sarcoma and head and neck cancer showed the highest therapy availability.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages8

Reading Time20 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Introduction

Patients and methods

Patients

CGP and the definition of druggable genomic alterations

Results

Conclusion

International Journal of Clinical Oncology (2024) 29:964–971 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-024-02533-z](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-024-02533-z) Availability of genome‑matched therapy based on clinical practice Naomi Hayashi1,2 · Seiichi Mori3 · Akihiro Ohmoto4,5 · Ippei Fukada1,6 · Masumi Yamazaki1,7 · Mari Hosonaga6 · Xiaofei Wang4 · Arisa Ueki2 · Kazuma Kiyotani8,9 · AkikoTonooka10,11 · Kengo Takeuchi10,11,12 · Shunji Takahashi1,4,7 Received: 11 July 2023 / Accepted: 6 April 2024 / Published online: 26 April 2024 © The Author(s) 2024 Abstract Background Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) provides new opportunities for patients with advanced cancer to receive genome-matched therapies, but the availability rate of these remains low. We reviewed our CGP cases and suggested possible strategies to improve the current status from a clinical perspective. Methods Druggable genomic alterations and barriers to accessing genome-matched therapies were investigated in 653 patients with 30 various types of cancers who underwent CGP. Results While the availability rate of genome-matched therapies as a whole was 9.5%, CGP was useful in some cancer types. Patients with thyroid cancer and lung cancer harbored druggable genomic alterations at high rates, while sarcoma rarely harbored these alterations (100%, 76%, and 15.2%, respectively). In contrast, the availability rate of genome-matched therapies was highest in patients with sarcoma and head and neck cancer (HNC) (60% and 40%, respectively) . One hundred thirteen patients (63.5%) had multiple barriers to accessing genome-matched therapy. Of 178 patients, 21 patients (11.8%) could not be considered for genome-matched therapies solely because of the deterioration of their performance status. Conclusion This study demonstrated the usefulness of CGP for patients with sarcoma and HNC in addition to lung cancer in clinical practice. Performing CGP at the front line has the potential to improve the availability of genome-matched therapy. Keywords Comprehensive genomic profiling · Genome-matched therapy availability · Practical strategy Introduction Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a DNA-sequencing technology that performs sequencing from millions of small fragments of DNA in parallel [1] . NGS-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) enables the detection of large numbers of cancer-associated genomic alterations at once. Results from CGP can guide the use of genome-matched therapies such as molecular targeted drugs or immune checkpoint inhibitors and can lead to clinical trials that provide new opportunities to access agents other than approved drugs. Several studies reported from western countries have evaluated the usefulness of CGP and have reported the availability rates of 10–20% for genome-matched therapies [2–4] . The availability rate of those drugs remains low even present, after several years. Recently, several experts suggested performing CGP on the front line to recruit patients in the best condition and at the best timing possible [5, 6] . However, barriers to accessing genome-matched therapies Extended author information available on the last page of the article are not only related to the patient's condition. Hilal et al. reported that the most common barrier was ongoing standard treatment or no available therapeutic option, while deterioration ofPS was less common [2]. Although performing CGPon the front line has the potential to improve the availability rates of genome-matched therapies, it is uncertain what proportion of patients can benefit from this approach. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines recommend the routine use ofCGP for four types of cancer: non-squamous cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and bile duct cancer [7] . Patients with these cancer types have a high probability of harboring druggable genomic alterations, and a single large panel test is considered preferential to multiple com

FAQs

What is the main purpose of this study?

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of CGP and to propose strategies that can improve the availability of genome-matched therapies.

How was availability of genome-matched therapy measured in the research?

Availability was assessed across cancer types among patients who underwent CGP, alongside investigation of barriers to access.

Which cancer types showed the highest therapy availability?

Sarcoma and head and neck cancer (HNC) had the highest availability rates, reported as 60% and 40%, respectively.

Sep 21, 2026

Upload by Maeve