Au-H 2Ti 3 O 7 nanotubes for noninvasive anticancer treatment by simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapy

Sep 21, 2026

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Au-H2Ti3O7 nanotubes are proposed as a treatment agent for lung and prostate cancer by leveraging interactions between nanoparticles and laser beams. The study evaluates irradiation under dark and NIR and visible-wavelength conditions, including 808 nm, 532 nm, and 635 nm. Results indicate selective effects: Au-H2Ti3O7 nanoparticles show minimal impact on healthy cells while strongly reducing cancer-cell viability, including LNCap viability reaching 16% after 48 h incubation.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryHealthcare

FormatPDF

Pages17

Reading Time43 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract and Key Findings

Photodynamic therapy background

Nanotechnology and targeted delivery

Titanium-based nanotubes in PDT

H2Ti3O7 nanotubes advantages

Experimental outcomes with different laser wavelengths

[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports) OPEN Au-H 2Ti 3 O 7 nanotubes for noninvasive anticancer treatment by simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic therapy Maher I. Al-Shemri1, Maryam Aliannezhadi1􀀍, RanaA. Ghaleb2 & Mohammed J. Al-Awady3 Treating lung and prostate cancer cells is a major health problem that may be solved through the interactions of laser beams with nanoparticles. In the paper, Au-H2Ti3O7 nanotubes (NTs) are proposed as a treatment agent and the interactions of different laser beams with the nanostructure are considered to solve the mentioned health problem. Also, the NTs are employed to treat the cancers in dark conditions. The results are motivating because Au-H2Ti3O7 NPs do not affect healthy cells, while they strongly affect cancer cells, and the viability percentage of LNCap cells reaches 16% for incubation times of 48 h. Furthermore, treating LNCap cells using the irradiated Au-H2Ti3O7 NTs by NIR beam at 808 nm has no cytotoxicity, while cytotoxicity of 92% is obtained using an irradiation laser beam at 532 nm. Also, applying the laser beam at 635 nm tothe NTs leads to a cytotoxicity of ∼53% in lung cancer (A549 cells) . In total, the Au-H2Ti3O7 NTs have a selective effect on cancer cells and greatly reduce the viability in the given dark and irradiation conditions, leading to the introduction of them asa promising agent forthe non-invasive treatment of prostate cancer and a moderate candidate for lung cancer therapy. Keywords H2Ti3O7 nanotubes, Plasmonic nanoparticles, Interactions of laser beams with nanostructures, Lung and prostate cancer, Photothermal and photodynamic therapy Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative medical treatment that integrates the use of light with aphotosensitizing agent to selectively target and destroy cancer cells or other abnormal tissues. The process entails the administration of a photosensitizer, which selectively accumulates in the target area. Upon activation by specific wavelengths of light, the photosensitizer generates reactive oxygen species, leading to cellular damage and subsequent destruction of the target tissue1,2. PDT has gained significant attention due to its minimally invasive nature and potential for localized treatment. It has shown promising results in various cancer types, such as skin, lung, and esophageal cancers, as well as in treating certain non-cancerous conditions. This therapeutic approach offers several advantages, including reduced side effects and the ability to repeat treatments. PDT continues to evolve as a valuable treatment modality, offering a unique option in the oncology field2–5. Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of cancer treatment, particularly in photodynamic therapy (PDT), by enhancing the effectiveness and specificity of the treatment. More effective and selective treatment is obtained by tailoring the optical and antibacterial properties of nanostructures, leading to the use of nanotechnology in new ways in optoelectronics and medicine6–8. The application of nanotechnology in PDT offers several advantages over conventional cancer therapies. Firstly, nanoparticles can be engineered to target cancer cells specifically, minimizing damage to healthy tissues. The functionalization of nanoparticles with targeting ligands enables their selective accumulation in tumor tissues, improving treatment efficacy and reducing off-target effects9. Additionally, nanoparticles can efficiently encapsulate and deliver photosensitizing agents to the tumor site, enhancing their stability and solubility. The modification and immobilization of metal oxides serve as efficient carriers for a variety of applications due to their distinctive characteristics, such as biological activity, lack of toxicity, compatibility with living organisms, stability, and absence of carcinogenic tendencies10–12. This targeted and controlled delivery of photosensitizers improves the therapeutic outcome of PD

FAQs

What is the main treatment concept of Au-H2Ti3O7 nanotubes in the document?

Au-H2Ti3O7 nanotubes are used as a treatment agent where laser beams interact with the nanostructure to address lung and prostate cancer cells, including use in dark conditions.

How do irradiation wavelength choices affect cancer-cell response?

The document reports different cytotoxicities depending on wavelength: NIR at 808 nm shows no cytotoxicity, while 532 nm irradiation yields high cytotoxicity, and 635 nm irradiation results in intermediate cytotoxicity.

What evidence is given for selectivity toward cancer versus healthy cells?

The results state that Au-H2Ti3O7 nanoparticles do not affect healthy cells while they strongly affect cancer cells, and they significantly reduce viability under the tested dark and irradiation conditions.

Sep 21, 2026

Upload by Skyler