Analysis of anxiety, guilt and embarrassment changes of university students who do and do not do sports

Q: What does the study investigate about university students?

It examines changes in anxiety, guilt, and embarrassment between students who do sports and those who do not, based on socio-demographic factors.

Q: How were anxiety and guilt/embarrassment measured?

Anxiety was measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, while guilt and embarrassment were measured using the Guilt-Embarrassment Scale.

Q: Which factors showed significant differences in the results?

Changes related to doing sports and gender were statistically significant (p<0.05), whereas shelter and income factors showed no statistical change.

Oct 15, 2026

Uploaded by McQueen

This study analyzes how anxiety, guilt, and embarrassment change among university students who do sports versus those who do not, while considering socio-demographic factors. Data from 585 students (307 doing sports, 278 not doing sports) are assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Turkish-adapted reliability/validity work, and the Guilt-Embarrassment Scale. Cronbach’s alpha is .75 and .82, respectively. Sport and gender effects are statistically significant (p<0.05), while shelter and income show no change.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages7

Reading Time18 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Introduction

African Educational Research Journal Vol. 9(1), pp. 44-50, January 2021 DOI: 10. 30918/AERJ.91.20.184 ISSN: 2354-2160 Full Length Research Paper Analysis of anxiety, guilt and embarrassment changes of university students who do and do not do sports Yahya Gökhan Yalçin1* and Tolga Tek2 1Selçuk University, Turkey. 2 Republic of Turkey Youth and Sports Ministry General Directorate of Education Research and Coordination, Turkey. Accepted 27 October, 2020 | ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze anxiety, guilt and embarrassment changes of university students who do and who do not do sports depending on some socio-demographic factors. In the study conducted with university students, a total of 585 university students are included, 307 of students whom do sports and 278 of students whom don’t do sports.“Beck Anxiety Inventory”, developed by Beck et al. (1988) and adapted to Turkish and conducted reliability and validity studies by Ulusoy et al. (1998), has been used to determine depression levels and “Guilt-Embarrassment Scale” developed by Şahin and Şahin (1992) has been used to determine the levels of guilt and embarrassment. Independent sample t test for paired comparison, One-way ANOVA for multiple comparisons, Tukey HSD test to determine the source of difference were used. In the study, Cronbach's Alpha value has been determined as .75 for Beck Anxiety Inventory and .82 for Guilt-Embarrassment Scale. As a result, it has been determined that changes depending on doing sports and gender factors are statistically significant (p < 0.05) . No statistical change has been observed depending on shelter and income factors. In the light of these findings, it has been found that anxiety scores are higher in males while guilt scores are higher in females. It is thought that this result can be caused by the physical and mental changes between male and female, as well as the sociocultural structure, the social role and status given to female and male. It can also be said that the sport positively affects anxiety and does not have any effect on guilt and embarrassment.
Keywords: University student, anxiety, guilt, embarrassment, those who do sports, those who do not do sports. | | --- | | *Corresponding author. E-mail: [gyalcin@selcuk.edu.tr](gyalcin@selcuk.edu.tr). | INTRODUCTION Emotional processes are one of the most important administrators of human behavior (Wagner et al. , 2011) . Anxiety, guilt and embarrassment are feelings that exist in life and can be experienced by everyone. Anxiety isone of the most common disorders among psychological diseases and is known as an advanced state of concern. The most prominent feature that distinguishes anxiety disorder that starts with worrying from worry is that when there is no danger, the feeling of anxiety manifests itself intensely, continues for a long time and is felt heavily. The developing technology and the increasing workload affect the psychological levels and innovative behaviors of the employees negatively (Ozsungur, 2020) . The social lives and relationships of people with anxiety disorders are also negatively affected by this situation. People with anxiety are often aware that they feel worried intensely. However, they cannot control themselves or calm down (Cam Celikel and Erkorkmaz , 2008) . Accordingly, research results showed that the stress of time management significantly affected the work life (Ozsungur, 2020) . The university period, during which human relations are most turbulent and many emotions are most complex, is a very difficult period especially for young individuals. Faced with many problems such as separation from the family, new environment and making friends, fear of being alone, economic difficulties, getting used to dormitory life, anxiety about future professional and working life, young people can be negatively affected in terms of social, cultural and economic aspects (Cam Celikel and Erkorkmaz , 2008; Aylaz et al. , 2007) . With the un

FAQs

What does the study investigate about university students?

It examines changes in anxiety, guilt, and embarrassment between students who do sports and those who do not, based on socio-demographic factors.

How were anxiety and guilt/embarrassment measured?

Anxiety was measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, while guilt and embarrassment were measured using the Guilt-Embarrassment Scale.

Which factors showed significant differences in the results?

Changes related to doing sports and gender were statistically significant (p<0.05), whereas shelter and income factors showed no statistical change.

Oct 15, 2026

Uploaded by McQueen