African Educational Research Journal - Special Issue 8(3) - Full Length Research Paper - The effect of formula t-shirt method for scientists taught in science lessons in secondary schools on academic success

Oct 15, 2026

Investigate whether the “formula t-shirt method” produces a meaningful difference in students’ academic success compared with students not using the method in science education for targeted scientists across 5th, 6th, and 7th grades. Employ a semi-experimental design with experimental learners wearing t-shirts, using pre-/post-tests, observations, and interviews, supported by a pilot test and item analysis. Findings show significant post-test differences, improved adoption of intended concepts, and learning benefits including peer learning, active learning, and social learning.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages10

Reading Time25 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Introduction

African Educational Research Journal Special Issue 8(3), pp. S1-S10, October 2020 DOI: 10. 30918/AERJ. 8S3.20.067 ISSN: 2354-2160 Full Length Research Paper The effect of formula t-shirt method for scientists taught in science lessons in secondary schools on academic success Burhan Karasu1, Mehmet Akif Haşıloğlu2* and Murat Kurt3 12Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey. 3 FacuFacuty of Educatty of Educatonon ,, AAaı İsbyraha UimnivÇeeçrsienty, UniversAmasyaiyT, Aurğkreıy, Turkey. | ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to investigate whether there is a meaningful difference in the academic success, between the students who are applied the "formula t-shirt method" (experimental group) and the students who are not (in other classes of the school), in the education for the scientists wanted to be taught in the secondary school 5th, 6th and 7th grade science textbooks. Semi-experimental method was used as research method. In the 6th grade, 27 students participated in this study as experimental group (students wearing t-shirts) and 49 students in the other classes of the school that did not participate in the study. Academic achievement test including pre-test and post-test, informative observations, students’ and teacher’s interviews as well as 20 printed t-shirts were used to collect data. The pilot study of the developed achievement test was applied in another school and also the item analysis of it was performed. According to the research findings, when the experimental group’s success post-test results from the application performed, were examined in line with the interviews, significant differences were observed. It was seen that the subjects aimed to be gained with the formula t-shirt method, were adopted by the students and also increased their success. Looking at the results of the research, thanks to wearing the tshirts prepared by using the human body on the background, and the reconciliation of the students wearing with the scientists on t-shirts, the desired learning was provided. This also contributed to such learning techniques as peer learning, active learning, social learning in terms of visuality and integrity. It is thought that these materials developed with the formula t-shirt method, will also inspire researchers for future studies in terms of their usability in other fields and subjects.
Keywords: Formulated t-shirt method, primary education, material development, scientists, science education. | | --- | | *Corresponding author. E-mail: [mehmet.hasiloglu@hotmail.com](mehmet.hasiloglu@hotmail.com) Tel: +90-505 746 85 36. | INTRODUCTION In our era, new developments and changes take place every day in the field of science and technology. As well as education, there are also significant innovations and alterations made in many fields such as economy, agriculture, tourism, industry etc. Societies and cultures subjected to continuous change, permanently affect eachother and so, this interaction paves the way for different necessities for individuals. The most important of these requirements is undoubtedly education. As they create innovations in the field of education and training. the developments in the world based on science and technology, have made it necessary to constitute new curriculums. In this context, Turkey has also made a renewal in a systematic way in all education programs in 2018. When the researches made on learning are examined, it is seen that most of the learning takes place through visual description. The habit of using text-based sentences intensely prevents achieving the desired success in education and training field. It is known that there are different kinds of intelligence and one of them is visual intelligence (Bilasa, 2011; Mandacı Şahin, 2019) . That is to say, some students learn better through visual descriptions. Indeed, it can be said that even the students learning in other ways may need visual elements while learning some concepts. Visual ele

FAQs

How was the study conducted?

A semi-experimental method was used, with an experimental group wearing t-shirts and a comparison group not participating. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, informative observations, and student and teacher interviews, alongside a set of printed t-shirts and a pilot study of the achievement test.

What were the key findings?

After application, significant differences were observed in the experimental group’s post-test results when interpreted alongside interview data. Students adopted the aimed concepts and showed increased success.

Why are t-shirt materials expected to support learning?

The study links the approach to visuality and integrity in learning, suggesting that presenting information visually improves attention and understanding, supports memory, and contributes to peer learning, active learning, and social learning.

Oct 15, 2026

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