A Legal Analysis of the Establishment and Regulatory Framework of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative in Indonesia Under Law Number 25 of 1992 on Cooperatives

Sep 10, 2026

The Merah Putih Village Cooperative (KDMP) is an Indonesian government flagship program launched via Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2025 to accelerate the establishment of Merah Putih village/urban cooperatives. Cooperatives play a central role in improving community welfare by strengthening village economies, providing local business resources, expanding financial inclusion, and empowering residents. This study examines legal regulatory aspects influencing KDMP formation, including capital structure governance, supervision, and implementation legal obstacles, using a normative juridical approach based on regulations, government documents, and recent legal sources.

LanguageEnglish

CategoryResearch & Report

FormatPDF

Pages12

Reading Time30 min

AccessFree to download

Abstract

Pendahuluan

| | TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal
Volume 4 Number 8 (2025) Page: 4445-4456 E-ISSN 2961-7553 P-ISSN 2963-8135
[https://journal.tofedu.or.id/index.php/journal/index](https://journal.tofedu.or.id/index.php/journal/index) | | --- | --- | A Legal Analysis of the Establishment and Regulatory Framework of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative in Indonesia Under Law Number 25 of 1992 on Cooperatives Yustina Giawa Fakultas Hukum Universitas HKBP Nommensen [yustina.giawa@student.uhn.ac.id](yustina.giawa@student.uhn.ac.id) Januari Sihotang Fakultas Hukum Universitas HKBP Nommensen [Januari_sihotang@yahoo.com](Januari_sihotang@yahoo.com) ABSTRACT The Merah Putih Village Cooperative (KDMP) is a flagship program of the Indonesian government formulated through Presidential Instruction Number 9 of 2025 concerning the Acceleration of Establishing Merah Putih Village/Urban Cooperatives. The presence of cooperatives is highly important for improving the welfare of Indonesian communities. This program has strategic objectives to strengthen village economies, provide business resources in every village/urban ward, enhance financial inclusion, and empower local communities. This study analyzes the legal regulatory aspects and their influence on the establishment ofKDMP, identifies the challenges, and examines the regulatory framework governing the capital structure, supervision, and legal obstacles in the implementation of Merah Putih Cooperatives. The analysis shows that legal regulations provide a strong framework for the establishment and management of KDMP. Proper legal aspects serve as a vital foundation for the Merah Putih Village Cooperative. This research was conducted using a normative juridical approach through the study of regulations, government documents, and recent legal sources. Keywords: village cooperatives, legal regulations, cooperative governance. PENDAHULUAN Pembentukan dan pengaturan koperasi di Indonesia merupakan salah satu bentuk organisasi kolektif yang berfokus padaupayapeningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Padamasa pemerintahan Prabowo Subianto, pemberdayaan ekonomi desa menjadi salah satu pilar utama dalam mewujudkan pemerataan sosial dan ekonomi di Indonesia. Secara resmi Presidentelah mengumumkan Instruksi Presiden (inpres) Nomor 9 Tahun 2025 Tentang Percepatan Pembentukan Koperasi Desa/Kelurahan Merah Putih 1. Berdasarkan prinsip yang dipahamidalam pasal 33 ayat (1) UUD 1945 bahwa ekonomi menempatkan kepentingan masyarakatsebagai hal penting yang diwujudkan melalui asas kekeluargaan2 maka dalam mewujudkan hal ini pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk membentuk lembaga yang dapat berfungsisebagai wadah untuk mencapai ekonomi berkeadilan sosial, yakni Koperasi Desa Merah Putih (KDMP) . 1 Instruksi Presiden Nomor 9 Tahun 2025 tentang Percepatan Pembentukan Koperasi Desa/Kelurahan Merah Putih, hlm.1 2 Lihat pasal 33 ayat (1) UUD 1945 4445 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. E-ISSN 2961-7553 P-ISSN 2963-8135 Sebagai masyarakat yang pernah mengalami penjajahan cukup lama, koperasi berfungsisebagai implementasi prinsip ekonomi kerakyatan sekaligus usaha terstruktur untuk mereformasi struktur ekonomi peninggalan kolonial3. Koperasi Desa Merah Putih muncul sebagai salah satu model koperasi yang diharapkan mampu memberdayakan masyarakat desa secara mandiri dan berkelanjutan. Koperasi Desa bertujuan untuk memperkuat ekonomi desa dan dianggap dapat menjadi instrumen penting dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi di Indonesia. Agus Suryanto dalam jurnalnya menekankan pentingnya koperasi sebagai wahana pelaksanaan aktivitas ekonomi desa yang diatur oleh ketentuan perundang-undangan. Koperasi desa diatur untuk berperan aktif dalampengelolaan berbagai kegiatan perekonomian desa, termasuk perakreditan, penyediaan saranaproduksi , dan permasalan hasil produksi4. Sesuai dengan prinsip dasar koperasi yang diaturdalam regulasi hukum perkopera

FAQs

What is the KDMP program and how was it initiated?

The Merah Putih Village Cooperative (KDMP) is a flagship Indonesian government program initiated through Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2025 to accelerate the establishment of Merah Putih village/urban cooperatives.

Which legal aspects does the study analyze regarding KDMP?

The study analyzes regulatory legal aspects affecting KDMP formation, including the capital structure framework, supervision, and legal obstacles in implementation.

What challenges may arise in cooperative implementation according to the document?

The document highlights low member participation driven by limited budget transparency and potential misuse of authority by cooperative management.

Sep 10, 2026

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