[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-199119-105":53,"doc-detail-199119-en":127},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":120,"head_meta":122,"extra_data":124,"updated_unix":126},105,"en","writing-a-strong-research-paper-short-essay-long-research-paper-outline","Writing a Strong Research Paper - Short Essay-Long Research Paper Outline","","SPAA Graduate Writing Center provides a structured outline for writing a strong research paper, covering the full process from introduction to body development, conclusion, and the reference page. It specifies optional and required elements such as epigraph-opening quotes, hooks, topic framing, thesis statements, and topic sentences. The guide emphasizes evidence-based analysis, proper quote/data handling, transitions, and maintaining a strong author voice while avoiding opinion unless prompted. It also highlights APA citation expectations and practical methods for organizing organization, perspectives, stakeholders, and explanation techniques.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/writing-a-strong-research-paper-short-essay-long-research-paper-outline/199119/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/writing-a-strong-research-paper-short-essay-long-research-paper-outline/199119.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Rhys","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-07","2026-09-04",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"What elements should be included in the introduction of a strong research paper?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"The outline includes an optional epigraph-opening quotation, plus a hook, topic, key authors/resources, themes, and a thesis sentence with the primary argument and three main ideas.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"How should quotes and data be handled in body paragraphs?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"Every quote or data point must be followed by analysis explaining the contextual relationship to the paper topic, and quotes should not be mixed with the writer’s own thoughts in the same sentence.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What citation and reference-page format does the outline recommend?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"The guide requires works cited in alphabetical order using proper APA-style in-text citations and an APA-formatted reference page.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},199119,1788504805,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":76,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":126,"read_time":9},687207024643,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","SPAA GRADUATE WRITING CENTER  \nWRITING A STRONG RESEARCH PAPER  \nShort Essay-Long Research Paper Outline  \n1. Introduction  \na. Epigraph-opening quotation (optional)  \nb. Hook  \nc. Topic  \nd. Key Authors/ Resources  \ne. Themes  \nf. Thesis sentence/ primary argument (3 main ideas of paper)  \n2. Body Paragraph 1  \na. Topic sentence  \nb. Support  \nc. Quotes/ Data  \nd. Analysis  \ne. Transition  \n3. Body Paragraph 2  \na. Topic sentence  \nb. Support  \nc. Quotes/ Data  \nd. Analysis  \ne. Transition  \n4. Body Paragraph 3  \na. Topic sentence  \nb. Support  \nc. Quotes/ Data  \nd. Analysis  \ne. Transition  \n5. Conclusion  \na. Restatement of ideas  \nb. Final thoughts/ Recommendations  \nc. Closing Hook (optional)  \n6. Reference Page  \na. Works cited in alphabetical order with proper citations in APA format  \nApproaches to examining a topic:  \nOrganization types  \n􀁸 Public  \n􀁸 Non-profit  \n􀁸 Private  \nLevels of Government  \n􀁸 Federal  \n􀁸 State  \n􀁸 Local  \n􀁸 International  \nEnvironment  \n􀁸 Internal  \n􀁸 External  \nPerspectives  \n􀁸 Political  \n􀁸 Social  \n􀁸 Economic  \n􀁸 Cultural  \n􀁸 Communal  \n􀁸 Religious  \n􀁸 Ethical  \nKey Stakeholders  \n􀁸 Political  \n􀁸 Administrative  \n􀁸 Organizational  \n􀁸 Service providers  \n􀁸 Clients  \n􀁸 Public opinion  \nMethods to explain topics  \n􀁸 Exposition  \n􀁸 Case studies  \n􀁸 Examples  \n􀁸 Analogies  \n􀁸 Compare/ Contrast  \n􀁸 Analysis of quotes/ data  \nNotes:  \nApplying the outline to different paper structures  \n􀁸 Always follow the instructions of the assignment  \n􀁸 Papers inform, persuade and entertain  \n􀁸 Outlines can be condensed to fit a short paper (3 paragraphs-intro/ body/ conclusion)  \n􀁸 Outlines can be expanded to fit a long research paper, rather than paragraphs dedicate each section to topics with subheadings or full pages  \nAnalysis  \n􀁸 Analysis examines the contextual relationship between the quote/data and the paper topic  \n􀁸 Every quote used must be analyzed  \no Your voice is the most important part of the paper  \n􀁸 If more than 1/3 of your paper is made of quotes, you are allowing the author to speak for you  \n􀁸 Do not mix the author’s thoughts with your own in the same sentence  \nAnalysis Methods  \n􀁸 Circle key words  \n􀁸 Underline key phrases  \n􀁸 Examine their separate meanings  \n􀁸 Use your understanding of each concept to critique the source Keeping a strong voice  \n􀁸 Do not quote in the introduction/ conclusion  \n􀁸 Do not use a quote as a topic sentence  \n􀁸 Do not add new information into the conclusion  \n􀁸 All information should have been examined in the body Opinion vs Fact-based research  \n􀁸 Do not give your opinion in the paper unless explicitly asked  \no Good research is based on evidence  \n􀁸 Do not personalize the paper unless explicitly asked in the instructions Citations  \n􀁸 Use a source to help correctly format in-text citations and reference pages  \n􀁸 APA Style Guide  \n􀁸 Purdue OWL (Online Writing Lab): APA Formatting and Style Guide","cbCaitEjsE9ojzZY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitEjsE9ojzZY","pdf",361258,"English","# Introduction\n## Epigraph-opening quotation (optional)\n## Hook\n## Topic\n## Key Authors/Resources\n## Themes\n## Thesis sentence/primary argument\n# Body Paragraph 1\n## Topic sentence\n## Support\n## Quotes/Data\n## Analysis\n## Transition\n# Body Paragraph 2\n## Topic sentence\n## Support\n## Quotes/Data\n## Analysis\n## Transition\n# Body Paragraph 3\n## Topic sentence\n## Support\n## Quotes/Data\n## Analysis\n## Transition\n# Conclusion\n## Restatement of ideas\n## Final thoughts/Recommendations\n## Closing Hook (optional)\n# Reference Page\n## Works cited in alphabetical order (APA format)","[{\"question\":\"What elements should be included in the introduction of a strong research paper?\",\"answer\":\"The outline includes an optional epigraph-opening quotation, plus a hook, topic, key authors/resources, themes, and a thesis sentence with the primary argument and three main ideas.\"},{\"question\":\"How should quotes and data be handled in body paragraphs?\",\"answer\":\"Every quote or data point must be followed by analysis explaining the contextual relationship to the paper topic, and quotes should not be mixed with the writer’s own thoughts in the same sentence.\"},{\"question\":\"What citation and reference-page format does the outline recommend?\",\"answer\":\"The guide requires works cited in alphabetical order using proper APA-style in-text citations and an APA-formatted reference page.\"}]","Writing a Strong Research Paper - Short Essay-Long Research Paper Outline | PDF"]