[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-238884-105":53,"doc-detail-238884-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","with-most-of-it-being-pictures-now-i-rarely-use-it-understanding-twitters-evolving-accessibility-to-blind-users","With Most of It Being Pictures Now, I Rarely Use It - Understanding Twitter’s Evolving Accessibility to Blind Users","","Social media plays a central role in modern life, yet accessibility can lag behind rapid platform changes. This work examines how blind users use Twitter and how usable it is for them through surveys, large-scale tweet and profile analysis, and study of tweets containing embedded imagery. Although Twitter was long viewed as accessible, increasing image integration and varied image use create new barriers, including profile creation, awareness of features and settings, managing disability-status revelations, and coping with image-dominant content. The study proposes concrete improvements for Twitter and similar platforms.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/with-most-of-it-being-pictures-now-i-rarely-use-it-understanding-twitters-evolving-accessibility-to-blind-users/238884/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/with-most-of-it-being-pictures-now-i-rarely-use-it-understanding-twitters-evolving-accessibility-to-blind-users/238884.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Oliver Hayes","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"How does the paper assess Twitter’s accessibility for blind users?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"It combines surveys of blind Twitter users, large-scale analysis of tweets and profiles from blind and sighted users, and analysis of tweets that include embedded imagery.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why does Twitter face emerging accessibility challenges despite earlier perceptions?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"Twitter’s growing integration of image content and users’ diverse image-related practices introduce new accessibility barriers that go beyond the earlier text-based experience.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What kinds of accessibility and privacy challenges are highlighted?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"The paper describes difficulties in creating profiles, knowing about available features and settings, controlling disclosures of disability status, and dealing with the increasing prevalence of image-based content.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},238884,1791729689,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":8,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":79},687207020761,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","“With most of it being pictures now, I rarely use it”: Understanding Twitter’s Evolving Accessibility to Blind Users  \nMeredith Ringel Morris1, Annuska Zolyomi2, Catherine Yao1,3, Sina Bahram4, Jeffrey P. Bigham5, Shaun K. Kane6  \n1Microsoft Research; 2The University of Washington; 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 4North Carolina State University; 5Carnegie Mellon University; 6University of Colorado Boulder [merrie@microsoft.com](merrie@microsoft.com), [annuska@uw.edu](annuska@uw.edu), [catyao@mit.edu](catyao@mit.edu),  \n[sbahram@ncsu.edu](sbahram@ncsu.edu), [jbigham@cmu.edu](jbigham@cmu.edu), [shaun.kane@colorado.edu](shaun.kane@colorado.edu)  \nABSTRACT  \nSocial media is an increasingly important part of modern life. We investigate the use of and usability of Twitter by blind users, via a combination of surveys of blind Twitter users, large-scale analysis of tweets from and Twitter profiles of blind and sighted users, and analysis of tweets containing embedded imagery. While Twitter has traditionally been thought of as the most accessible social media platform for blind users, Twitter’s increasing integration of image content and users’ diverse uses for images have presented emergent accessibility challenges. Our findings illuminate the importance of the ability to use social media for people who are blind, while also highlighting the many challenges such media currently present this user base, including difficulty in creating profiles, in awareness of available features and settings, in controlling revelations of one’s disability status, and in dealing with the increasing pervasiveness of imagebased content. We propose changes that Twitter and other social platforms should make to promote fuller access to users with visual impairments.  \nAuthor Keywords  \nSocial media; Twitter; blindness; accessibility.  \nACM Classification Keywords  \nH.5.m. Information interfaces and presentation (e.g., HCI) .  \nINTRODUCTION  \nWorldwide, 39 million people are blind [32] . Blind computer users typically use screen reader software that converts onscreen information to aural speech or refreshable Braille; screen readers require accessible content in order to work. In particular, images require an alternative text description (called “alt text,” since web page authors can specify such text in the “alt” field of an image’s HTML tag) . On webpages, alt text is often absent or insufficiently detailed [3, 15,  \nPermission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific [permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Permissions@acm.org](permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Permissions@acm.org). CHI'16, May 07-12, 2016, San Jose, CA, USA  \nCopyright is held by the author(s) . Publication rights licensed to ACM. ACM 978-1-4503-3362-7/16/05   $15 .00  \nDOI: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858116](http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858116) .  \n24] . Automated image description generation (e.g., [2, 4, 5, 14, 19, 30]) is not robust enough to be useful in practice.  \nSocial media have become an increasingly important part of modern life. For example, more than 302 million people use Twitter every month, sending more than 500 million tweets per day [28]. Many people who are blind use social media to stay connected with friends, family, colleagues, and people with shared interests [5, 34] . However, with the ease of taking and sharing photos afforded by smartphones, social media are becoming increasingly image-based. For instance, Facebook users uploaded over 350 million photos per ","cbCaiqzES2Dgc8Go","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqzES2Dgc8Go","pdf",1406774,"English","# Introduction\n## Motivation and background\n## Images, alt text, and accessibility challenges\n## Research questions\n# Methods and analysis\n## Surveys of blind Twitter users\n## Large-scale tweet and profile analysis\n## Embedded imagery analysis\n# Findings and implications\n## Profile creation and feature awareness\n## Privacy and disability-status control\n## Impact of pervasive image-based content\n# Proposed recommendations\n## Accessibility improvements for Twitter and other platforms","[{\"question\":\"How does the paper assess Twitter’s accessibility for blind users?\",\"answer\":\"It combines surveys of blind Twitter users, large-scale analysis of tweets and profiles from blind and sighted users, and analysis of tweets that include embedded imagery.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does Twitter face emerging accessibility challenges despite earlier perceptions?\",\"answer\":\"Twitter’s growing integration of image content and users’ diverse image-related practices introduce new accessibility barriers that go beyond the earlier text-based experience.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of accessibility and privacy challenges are highlighted?\",\"answer\":\"The paper describes difficulties in creating profiles, knowing about available features and settings, controlling disclosures of disability status, and dealing with the increasing prevalence of image-based content.\"}]","With Most of It Being Pictures Now, I Rarely Use It - Understanding Twitter’s Evolving Accessibility to Blind Users | PDF",1789140660]