[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-563475-105":53,"doc-detail-563475-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","web-appendix-05-summary-for-ambulance-and-prehospital-settings-emergency-oxygen-use-guideline","Web Appendix 05 - Summary for ambulance and prehospital settings - Emergency oxygen use guideline","","Summary guideline and flowchart guidance on emergency oxygen use for ambulances, community, and pre-hospital settings. Targets normal or near-normal oxygen saturation for most acutely ill patients, typically 94–98%, with lower targets (often 88–92%) for those at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure. Includes criteria for reassessment after sudden SpO2 drops, requirement for pulse oximetry, documentation of breathing status and oxygen dose, ABC-based clinical assessment, initial oxygen therapy by condition, continuous monitoring, and escalation or delivery-device recommendations. Provides COPD-specific device dosing and Oxygen Alert card workflow for high-risk patients.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/web-appendix-05-summary-for-ambulance-and-prehospital-settings-emergency-oxygen-use-guideline/563475/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/web-appendix-05-summary-for-ambulance-and-prehospital-settings-emergency-oxygen-use-guideline/563475.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Kyle","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":79},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What oxygen saturation targets should be used for most acutely ill patients?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"Aim for normal or near-normal oxygen saturation, typically 94–98% for most patients in the target range.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What should be done if a patient’s oxygen saturation drops suddenly within the target range?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"A sudden reduction of more than 3% in SpO2 within the target range should trigger fuller assessment, as it may be the first evidence of an acute illness.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How should COPD patients be started on oxygen in pre-hospital or ambulance settings?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Start COPD patients with oxygen via a Venturi 24% at 2–4 L/min or a 28% mask at 4 L/min, or nasal cannulae at 1–2 L/min, targeting an 88–92% saturation range in most cases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},563475,1792374641,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":79,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":76,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":9},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Summary of Guideline and flow charts for emergency oxygen use in ambulances, community and pre-hospital settings  \nThis Guideline suggests aiming to achieve a normal or near-normal oxygen saturation for all acutely ill patients apart from those at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure.  \nThe suggested target saturation range for most patients is 94-98% . Patients at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure have a lower target saturation range, usually 88-92%  \nA sudden reduction of more than 3% in a patient's oxygen saturation within the target saturation range should prompt fuller assessment of the patient because this may be the first evidence of an acute illness. (The narrower target range in younger patients is to ensure prompt assessment if a patient falls outside the age-specific normal range, not due to greater vulnerability to hypoxia) .  \nPulse oximetry must be available in all locations where emergency oxygen is being used.  \nAll documents which record oximetry measurements should state whether the patient is breathing air or a specified dose of supplemental oxygen.  \nClinical assessment of a breathless patient starts with ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)  \nA brief history should be taken from the patient or other informant.  \nInitial assessment should include pulse and respiratory rate in all cases.  \nPulse oximetry should always be measured in patients with breathlessness or suspected hypoxia.  \nThe initial oxygen therapy to be used in the various clinical situations are given in tables 1-4.  \nIf there is a clear history of asthma or heart failure, or other treatable illness, then appropriate treatment should be instituted in accordance with guidelines or standard management plans for each disease.  \nThe oxygen saturation should be monitored continuously until the patient is stable or arrives at hospital for a full assessment.  \nThe oxygen flow should be adjusted upwards or downwards to maintain a saturation of 94-98% formost patients apart from those at risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure. Some people aged above 70 years may have saturation measurements in the range of 92-94% when clinically stable.These people do not require oxygen therapy unless the oxygen saturation falls below the level that is known to be normal for the individual patient.  \nIn most emergency situations, oxygen is given to patients immediately without a formal prescription. However, a subsequent written record must be made of what oxygen therapy has been given to every patient (in a similar manner to the recording of all other emergency treatment) .  \nPatients with COPD should initially be given oxygen via a Venturi 24% at 2-4 l/min or 28% mask at a flow rate of 4 l/min or nasal cannulae at 1-2 l/min and oxygen saturation should be 88-92% in most  \ncases or else an individualised saturation range based on the patient's blood gas measurements during previous exacerbations.  \nPatients over 50 years of age who are long-term smokers with a history of exertional breathlessness and no other known cause of breathlessness should be treated as if having COPD.  \nDuring ambulance journeys, oxygen driven nebulisers may be used in the absence of an air-driven compressor system. If oxygen is used it should be limited to 6 minutes for patients with known COPD. This will deliver most of the nebulised drug dose but limit the risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure.  \nCOPD patients and other patients who have had an episode of hypercapnic respiratory failure should be issued with an Oxygen Alert warning card with a 24% or 28% Venturi mask and instructed to show the Alert Card to the ambulance crew and Emergency Department staff in the event of an exacerbation.  \nAmbulance control should also be informed by a responsible clinician that the patient has had an episode of hypercapnic respiratory failure and carries an Oxygen Alert Card. These patients addresses and ideal oxygen dose or target saturation ranges can be flagged in the ambulance control syste","cbCaitegQjZhW9WR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitegQjZhW9WR","pdf",96650,"English","# Oxygen saturation targets\n## Pulse oximetry and monitoring\n## Documentation of oxygen use\n# Clinical assessment and reassessment\n## ABC approach and vital signs\n## Response to SpO2 decline\n# Condition-specific oxygen therapy\n## General acute illness targets\n## COPD and hypercapnic respiratory failure\n# Delivery devices and service responsibilities\n## Pre-hospital oxygen devices\n## Primary care availability\n## Ambulance service manager key points","[{\"question\":\"What oxygen saturation targets should be used for most acutely ill patients?\",\"answer\":\"Aim for normal or near-normal oxygen saturation, typically 94–98% for most patients in the target range.\"},{\"question\":\"What should be done if a patient’s oxygen saturation drops suddenly within the target range?\",\"answer\":\"A sudden reduction of more than 3% in SpO2 within the target range should trigger fuller assessment, as it may be the first evidence of an acute illness.\"},{\"question\":\"How should COPD patients be started on oxygen in pre-hospital or ambulance settings?\",\"answer\":\"Start COPD patients with oxygen via a Venturi 24% at 2–4 L/min or a 28% mask at 4 L/min, or nasal cannulae at 1–2 L/min, targeting an 88–92% saturation range in most cases.\"}]","Web Appendix 05 - Summary for ambulance and prehospital settings - Emergency oxygen use guideline | PDF",1791835880]