[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-169768-en":3,"doc-seo-169768-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":11,"category_id":12,"category_name":13,"doc_title":14,"doc_description":15,"doc_content":16,"file_id":17,"file_url":18,"file_type":19,"file_size":20,"view_count":21,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":11,"is_downloadable":11,"audit_status":11,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":15,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},169768,962075006959,"Anda","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e0002397efbe92a78e?_k=1776741047341049297",1,158,"General","THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA - Notes on its Origins and Development","Examines how newly independent nations use cultural, literary, and material relics to build national unity and self-esteem, especially under colonial legacies and ongoing economic disparities. Focuses on the National Museum as a policy instrument for preserving and publicizing national tradition, tracing the museum’s origins and development during the Japanese period. Analyzes the museum’s role in Japanese policy and its later contribution to understanding Korean cultural heritage, while noting the lack of complete English histories.","[page 1]\nTHE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA\nNotes on its origins and development, together with a complete index of publications in both Japanese and Korean*\nby David I. Steinberg\nINTRODUCTION\nMany newly independent nations, those developing societies which have had a long and proud cultural tradition, often attempt to employ the spiritual, literary or material relics of their often impressive cultural past as one element in fostering national unity and as a focus which encourages disparate elements in the society to move towards national goals. The past provides the cloak of cultural prestige vis-a-vis foreign nations, and many newly-created states have found that they must rediscover such a past if they are to acquire the self-esteem which they so badly need following extended periods of colonial rule.\nThe planned exploitation of material cultural remains can often provide one avenue for the development of the national pride so important today when, after years (sometimes centuries), nations gain or regain their independence in the wave of rising nationalism which is being witnessed throughout much of the world.\n“Each new nation without exception strives to clothe itself in the dignity not only of culture but also of civilization,\n* The author wishes to express his thanks to Dr. Kim Che-won, Director of the National Museum, for his extensive assistance on this article. The opinions presented here are neither those of the National Museum nor The Asia Foundation, but of the author, who alone is responsible for error.\n[page 2] for each enters an intercommunicating world of civilized states, and each is equipped with an apparatus of communications by which it can achieve its desires. Particular choices to use foreign or indigenous cultural materials appear to rest on calculations of relative advantage, given certain pre-existing features of each state's cultural context.”1\nMaterial culture may be especially important in societies in which religious or literary traditions have often been associated with a foreign culture, or where these traditions have lost much of their past significance. The use of the cultural past for what is essentially the political present is thus to be expected. Perhaps in some cases it should be encouraged, for it can help the development of modern nationalism, which in some states is the only cement holding together the divisive forces destructive of national unity.\nWhile colonialism may no longer be a threat to the continued existence of these states, the wealth and thus cultural momentum of the economically advanced countries could perpetuate national humiliation without the myth or reality of a glorious tradition. In some societies which are badly split by ethnic or religious differences, appeal to an earlier and “golden” age prior to the development of such schisms within the social fabric can bring together diverse ethnic, cultural and religious groups in a way few other forces can. The Indian Government’s attempt to stress the Ashokan period in Indian history is an example of an appeal which transcends present regional and religious differences. In many of the new nations of Africa much the same thing is taking place. In Burma, Buddhism\n1. “Cultural Policy in the New States” by McKim Marriott, in Old Societies and New States: The Quest for Modernity in Asia and Africa, Clifford Geertz, Ed., The Free Press of Glencoe, 1963, p. 54.\n[page 3]  and nationalism have been and are still especially interrelated. Even Communist China has stressed archeological research since 1950. In Korea, perhaps the Silla period has evoked most interest because of the extensive, artistically mature, and concentrated remains of that great period; and also because it was not associated with foreign humiliation, as were the Koryo (the Mongol invasions) and Yi (the Japanese and Manchu invasions) Dynasties.\nWithin this context, a national museum is one natural focus for the policy of preserving and promulgating a na","cbCaiuyVOoQqrrPd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuyVOoQqrrPd","docx",108175,2,34,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Cultural relics and national unity\n## National museums and cultural policy\n## Origins of museum research in East Asia","[{\"question\":\"Why do newly independent nations emphasize cultural relics and heritage?\",\"answer\":\"They use spiritual, literary, and material past remains to foster national unity, encourage movement toward shared goals, and gain self-esteem after colonial rule.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does the national museum play in cultural policy?\",\"answer\":\"It serves as a natural focus for preserving and promoting national cultural tradition, linking cultural heritage with contemporary political objectives.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the paper’s main scope regarding the Korean museum?\",\"answer\":\"It reviews the history of Korea’s national museum, including origins and development during the Japanese period, its role in Japanese policy, and its later contributions to understanding Korean cultural tradition.\"}]","THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA - 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