[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-detail-573082-en":53,"doc-seo-573082-105":76},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":54},{"doc_id":55,"user_id":56,"nickname":57,"user_avatar":58,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":60,"doc_content":61,"file_id":62,"file_url":63,"file_type":64,"file_size":65,"view_count":66,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":67,"language":68,"language_code":69,"site_id":70,"html_lang":69,"table_of_contents":71,"faqs":72,"seo_title":73,"seo_description":60,"update_tm":74,"read_time":75},573082,962084926284,"Aria Callaghan","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Sports Technology - Technology SPARK Report Series - Publication No. 1089","Sports Technology explores how modern sport is shaped by technology and how innovation is strengthened through intellectual property. The report maps key drivers such as equipment and materials, data analytics, wearables, digital platforms, and assistive technologies, showing how they affect play, governance, and fan experience. It highlights sports-related patents, trademarks, and designs, and compares innovation patterns across sports like football, golf, racket sports, cricket, and swimming. It also examines technologies including Hawk-Eye, smart equipment, esports, and parasports.","Sports  \nTechnology  \nTechnology SPARK Report Series  \nTechnology SPARK Report Series  \nSports Technology  \nThis work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution  \n4.0 International.  \nTo view a copy of this license, please visit [https://creativecommons](https://creativecommons). org/licenses/by/4.0  \nThe user is allowed to reproduce, distribute, adapt, translate and publicly perform this publication, including for commercial purposes, without explicit permission, provided that the content is accompanied by an acknowledgement that WIPO is the source and that it is clearly indicated if changes were made to the original content.  \nSuggested citation: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)(2026). Sports Technology. Geneva: WIPO. DOI: 10.34667/tind.60034  \nAdaptation/translation/derivatives should not carry any official emblem or logo, unless they have been approved and validated by WIPO. Please contact us via the WIPO Website to obtain permission.  \nFor any derivative work, please include the following disclaimer: “The Secretariat of WIPO assumes no liability or responsibility with regard to the transformation or translation of the original content.”  \nWhen content published by WIPO, such as images, graphics, trademarks or logos, is attributed to a third party, the user of such content is solely responsible for clearing the rights with the right holder(s) .  \nAny dispute arising under this license that cannot be settled amicably shall be referred to arbitration in accordance with Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) then in force. The parties shall be bound by any arbitration award rendered as a result of such arbitration as the final adjudication of such a dispute.  \nThe designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WIPO concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.  \nThis publication is not intended to reflect the views of the Member States or the WIPO Secretariat.The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WIPO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.  \nCover: Getty Images  \nPublication No. 1089. 2/26  \n© WIPO, 2026  \nFirst published 2026  \nWorld Intellectual Property Organization 34, chemin des Colombettes,  \nP.O. Box 18 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland  \nISBN: 978-92-805-3931-8 (print)  \nISBN: 978-92-805-3930-1 (online)  \nContents  \nAcknowledgments 2  \nExecutive summary 3  \nIntroduction 6  \nInnovation in sport through the IP lens 6  \nIP and Sports: Ready, Set, Innovate! 7  \nScope and methodology 7  \nMore than a game: the hidden scale of innovation in sport 10  \nSports-related patents 10  \nSports-related trademarks 14  \nSports-related designs 20  \nDifferent games, different innovations 21  \nThe global game: football (soccer) 22  \nPrecision-engineered performance: golf 24  \nSplit-second precision: racket sports 26  \nBeyond the boundary: cricket 28  \nChasing milliseconds: swimming 30  \nGame-changing technologies 34  \nHawk-Eye: from broadcast tool to global officiating standard 34  \nThe wearables revolution: from elite performance to everyday well-being 38  \nModern sports footwear: engineered for speed and sustainability 42  \nParasports 45  \nEmerging technologies, emerging fields 48  \nSmart equipment and intelligent materials 48  \nEsports 52  \nAppendix 55  \nAcknowledgments  \nThis WIPO Technology SPARK (Short Pieces of Analysis, Research and Knowledge) report was prepared under the stewardship of Marco Alemán (Assistant Director General, IP and Innovation Ecosystems Sector) and under the direction of Andrew Czajkowski (Acting Senior Director, IP for Innovators Department), and was led by Christopher Harrison (Patent Analytics Manager, IP Analytics Section, Technolo","cbCaigo9jyxr1iT0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigo9jyxr1iT0","pdf",6401557,3,64,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Executive summary\n## Introduction\n## Innovation in sport through the IP lens\n## Scope and methodology\n## More than a game: the hidden scale of innovation in sport\n## Sports-related patents\n## Sports-related trademarks\n## Sports-related designs\n## Game-changing technologies\n## Hawk-Eye: from broadcast tool to global officiating standard\n## The wearables revolution: from elite performance to everyday well-being\n## Modern sports footwear: engineered for speed and sustainability\n## Parasports\n## Emerging technologies, emerging fields\n## Smart equipment and intelligent materials\n## Esports\n## Appendix","[{\"question\":\"How does the report explain the relationship between sport innovation and intellectual property?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that intellectual property incentivizes technological development and creates a rich record of how sports technologies evolve over time, influencing performance, officiating, training, and fan experience.\"},{\"question\":\"Which types of intellectual property assets are examined for sports-related innovation?\",\"answer\":\"The report covers sports-related patents, trademarks, and designs as key categories to understand innovation dynamics.\"},{\"question\":\"What examples of game-changing technologies are discussed?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses Hawk-Eye as a global officiating standard, the wearables revolution for performance and well-being, and modern sports footwear engineered for speed and sustainability.\"}]","Sports Technology - Technology SPARK Report Series - Publication No. 1089 | PDF",1791931889,22,{"code":4,"msg":77,"data":78},"ok",{"site_id":70,"language":69,"slug":79,"title":59,"keywords":80,"description":60,"schema_data":81,"social_meta":136,"head_meta":138,"extra_data":140,"updated_unix":141},"sports-technology-technology-spark-report-series-publication-no-1089","",{"@graph":82,"@context":135},[83,98,118],{"@type":84,"itemListElement":85},"BreadcrumbList",[86,90,93,95],{"item":87,"name":88,"@type":89,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":91,"name":10,"@type":89,"position":92},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":94,"name":11,"@type":89,"position":66},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",{"item":96,"name":59,"@type":89,"position":97},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/sports-technology-technology-spark-report-series-publication-no-1089/573082/",4,{"url":96,"name":59,"@type":99,"image":100,"author":105,"headline":59,"publisher":107,"fileFormat":110,"inLanguage":69,"description":60,"dateModified":111,"datePublished":112,"encodingFormat":110,"isAccessibleForFree":113,"interactionStatistic":114},"DigitalDocument",{"url":101,"@type":102,"width":103,"height":104},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/sports-technology-technology-spark-report-series-publication-no-1089/573082.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":57,"@type":106},"Person",{"url":87,"name":108,"@type":109},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":115,"interactionType":116,"userInteractionCount":66},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":117},"ViewAction",{"@type":119,"mainEntity":120},"FAQPage",[121,127,131],{"name":122,"@type":123,"acceptedAnswer":124},"How does the report explain the relationship between sport innovation and intellectual property?","Question",{"text":125,"@type":126},"It argues that intellectual property incentivizes technological development and creates a rich record of how sports technologies evolve over time, influencing performance, officiating, training, and fan experience.","Answer",{"name":128,"@type":123,"acceptedAnswer":129},"Which types of intellectual property assets are examined for sports-related innovation?",{"text":130,"@type":126},"The report covers sports-related patents, trademarks, and designs as key categories to understand innovation dynamics.",{"name":132,"@type":123,"acceptedAnswer":133},"What examples of game-changing technologies are discussed?",{"text":134,"@type":126},"It discusses Hawk-Eye as a global officiating standard, the wearables revolution for performance and well-being, and modern sports footwear engineered for speed and sustainability.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":96,"og:type":137,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":108,"og:description":60},"article",{"robots":139,"canonical":96},"index,follow",{"doc_id":55,"site_id":70},1792359695]