[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-565440-105":53,"doc-detail-565440-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","spending-taxes-and-deficits-a-book-of-charts-april-2026","Spending, Taxes, and Deficits: A Book of Charts - April 2026","","A chart-based analysis of U.S. spending, taxes, and budget deficits projects deficits approaching $4.4 trillion within a decade. It highlights how interest costs could consume 31% of revenues over the next decade, with more than half by 2056, and compares the U.S. deficit and debt standing internationally. Methodology relies on publicly available government datasets and a current-policy baseline framework to explain long-term drivers, including rising Social Security and Medicare shortfalls.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/spending-taxes-and-deficits-a-book-of-charts-april-2026/565440/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/spending-taxes-and-deficits-a-book-of-charts-april-2026/565440.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Kurz","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":76},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is the main projection for U.S. annual budget deficits in the next decade?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"Annual budget deficits are projected to approach $4.4 trillion within a decade, based on the charted baseline.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which baseline approach does the analysis use for “current policy”?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"It alters the CBO baseline by extending expiring tax cuts, keeping discretionary spending from falling below 6.0% of GDP, and not reducing post-2036 “other mandatory” spending as a share of GDP.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What do the materials identify as major long-term drivers of rising deficits?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Rising Social Security and Medicare shortfalls are highlighted as driving deficit increases from 2023–36, and interest costs are shown to consume an increasing share of revenues over time.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},565440,1792382278,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":76,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},2336478945635,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Spending, Taxes, and Deficits: A Book of Charts  \nJessica Riedl  \nBudget and Tax Fellow, The Brookings Institution  \nApril 2026  \nHighlights  \n􀀹 Annual Budget Deficits are Projected to Approach $4.4 Trillion Within a Decade (p. 7 )  \n􀀹 Interest to Consume 31% of Revenues Within a Decade, More Than Half By 2056 (9, 79)  \n􀀹 The U.S. Now Has the OECD’s Largest Budget Deficit and 4th Largest Debt (21-22)  \n􀀹 How Did Washington Go from Budget Surpluses to Escalating Deficits? (28, 49)  \n􀀹 Rising Social Security & Medicare Shortfalls Drive 2023–36 Deficit Rise (45-47)  \n􀀹 Debt in 30 Years Reaches Between 175%–379% of GDP, Depending on Baseline (59)  \n􀀹 What is Driving CBO’s Projected $138 Trillion Deficit over 30 Years? (61–67)  \n􀀹 How Much Does Social Security Add to Annual Deficits and the Debt Per Year? (71-72)  \n􀀹 Each 1% Interest-Rate Rise Adds $57 Trillion (or 60% of GDP) to 30-Year Debt (75-78)  \n􀀹 A Menu of Tax Increase Options With 10-Year and Long-Term Estimates (81)  \n􀀹 Taxing the Rich Could Raise at Most 1% or 2% of GDP (84)  \n􀀹 Does the U.S. Have the OECD’s Most Progressive Tax Code? (92-93, 102)  \n􀀹 What Really Caused the 1990s Budget Surpluses? (110)  \n􀀹 The Comprehensive Budget Record of Presidents Bush (112-113), Obama (114–121) , Trump (122–126), and Biden (127-132)  \nMethodology  \nNearly all charts were built with publicly available government data from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), U.S. Treasury, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), and Census Bureau.  \nTypically, budget figures in short time periods are expressed in nominal dollars, medium time periods are expressed in inflation-adjusted dollars, and long time periods are expressed as percentage of the economy.  \nCharts with current-policy baselines alter the CBO baseline by more realistically assuming:  \n1) Extensions of expiring tax cuts.  \n2) Discretionary spending never falls below 6.0% of GDP.  \n3) No reductions in post-2036 “other mandatory” spending as a %GDP.  \nThey also assume President Trump’s tariffs are not continued by his successors—which is highly likely but not literally “current policy.” That makes these baselines current policy with an asterisk.  \nCharts are Organized into 13 Chapters  \n1. Rising Budget Deficits and National Debt  \n2. What is Driving the Debt? Soaring Federal Spending  \n3. Discretionary Spending is Not Driving the Long-Term Debt  \n4. Mandatory Spending and Entitlement Costs are Rising Rapidly  \n5. 30-Year Debt Estimates are Driven by Social Security & Medicare Shortfalls 6. What Happens to the Debt if Interest Rates Rise?  \n7. Can’t We Just Raise Taxes and Cut Defense, Instead?  \n8. Tax Revenues are Projected to Remain Around Typical Levels  \n9. The Tax Code Has Become Increasingly Progressive  \n10. Countering Tax, Spending, & Deficit Myths of the 1980s Through 2008  \n11. A Comprehensive Accounting of the Obama Fiscal Record  \n12. A Comprehensive Accounting of the Trump First Term Fiscal Record  \n13. A Comprehensive Accounting of the Biden Fiscal Record  \nRising Budget Deficits and National Debt  \nChapter 1  \nCBO Current-Law Baseline Shows Rising Deficits  \nNom ina l $Billions  \n$0  \n-$500  \n-$1,000  \n-$1,500  \n-$2,000  \n-$2,500  \n-$3,000  \n-$3,500  \n\n|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| -$779 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| -$984 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | -$997 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |","cbCaik1HUcx54whZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaik1HUcx54whZ","pdf",1405904,132,"English","# Highlights\n## Annual deficit and debt projections\n## Interest costs and revenue impacts\n## International comparisons and historical drivers\n## Key methodology and baseline assumptions\n# Methodology\n## Data sources and measurement conventions\n## Current-policy baseline rules\n## Chart organization into 13 chapters\n# Chapter 1: Rising Budget Deficits and National Debt\n## CBO current-law baseline\n## Budget deficits under current policies*","[{\"question\":\"What is the main projection for U.S. annual budget deficits in the next decade?\",\"answer\":\"Annual budget deficits are projected to approach $4.4 trillion within a decade, based on the charted baseline.\"},{\"question\":\"Which baseline approach does the analysis use for “current policy”?\",\"answer\":\"It alters the CBO baseline by extending expiring tax cuts, keeping discretionary spending from falling below 6.0% of GDP, and not reducing post-2036 “other mandatory” spending as a share of GDP.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the materials identify as major long-term drivers of rising deficits?\",\"answer\":\"Rising Social Security and Medicare shortfalls are highlighted as driving deficit increases from 2023–36, and interest costs are shown to consume an increasing share of revenues over time.\"}]","Spending, Taxes, and Deficits: A Book of Charts - April 2026 | PDF",1791853814,46]