[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-206061-105":53,"doc-detail-206061-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","rural-entrepreneurship-in-place-an-integrated-framework","Rural Entrepreneurship in Place - An Integrated Framework","","Agglomeration-oriented theories have expanded rapidly in explaining and supporting entrepreneurship, yet existing frameworks and normative models such as entrepreneurial ecosystems fall short in rural settings at the communal level. This paper introduces a socio-spatial lens to capture the holistic dynamics of rural entrepreneurship. Using abductive research, it identifies distinct elements of entrepreneurial places and derives an integrated meso-level framework with place-sensitive determinations and dimensions. The results support evaluation and decision-making for rural entrepreneurship policies and practice.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/rural-entrepreneurship-in-place-an-integrated-framework/206061/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/rural-entrepreneurship-in-place-an-integrated-framework/206061.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Berry Peter","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","2026-10-08","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":79},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"Why are agglomeration-oriented theories insufficient for rural entrepreneurship at the communal level?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"They provide partial explanations, but existing theoretical frameworks and normative models like entrepreneurial ecosystems cannot adequately observe, explain, and inform rural communal-level policies.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the core contribution of the paper?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"It proposes a socio-spatial lens to understand rural entrepreneurship holistically and develops an integrated meso-level framework.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the integrated framework developed?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Through abductive research that explores distinct elements of entrepreneurial places in rural contexts, then derives place-sensitive determinations and dimensions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},206061,1790292518,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":79,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},1374402524268,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Rural Entrepreneurship in Place: An Integrated Framework\nPablo Muñoz*\nProfessor of Entrepreneurship\nUniversity of Liverpool, Management School\nLiverpool, United Kingdom\ne-mail: \u0013 HYPERLINK \"mailto:pmunoz@liverpool.ac.uk\" \u0014pmunoz@liverpool.ac.uk\u0015\n&\nUniversidad del Desarrollo\nSantiago, Chile\nJonathan Kimmitt\nLecturer in Entrepreneurship\nNewcastle University, Business School\nNewcastle, United Kingdom\ne-mail: jonathan.kimmitt@newcastle.ac.uk\n*Corresponding author\nFunding: This study was funded by Production Development Corporation (CORFO - Chile). Grant number (15PES-44401).\n\u000eRural Entrepreneurship in Place: An Integrated Framework\nAbstract: Agglomeration-oriented theories have grown significantly in the past decade in the explanation and promotion of entrepreneurship. Theoretical frameworks and normative models such as entrepreneurial ecosystems are insufficient to observe, explain, and inform policies at the communal level in rural contexts. In this paper, we propose a socio-spatial lens as a more fruitful way of understanding the holistic picture of rural entrepreneurship. By means of abductive research, we explore the distinct elements of entrepreneurial places in rural contexts and derive an integrated meso-level framework, comprising place-sensitive determinations and dimensions, to observe and further analyse the enabling conditions of such places. The findings obtained and the framework developed will be of great use for the evaluation and decision making, regarding entrepreneurship in rural communities.\nKeywords: rural entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial context; entrepreneurial ecosystems; place; social geography; local development; Chile.\nIntroduction\nThe relationship between entrepreneurship and context has gained significant attention in recent years (Zahra et al. 2014; Welter 2011). Research analysing this relationship has been dominated by theoretical approaches such as agglomeration theory \u0013 ADDIN PAPERS2_CITATIONS \u003Ccitation>\u003Cpriority>0\u003C/priority>\u003Cuuid>850964D6-7A74-46D6-9F60-087C2844F4B9\u003C/uuid>\u003Cpublications>\u003Cpublication>\u003Csubtype>400\u003C/subtype>\u003Ctitle>Cities, Skills and Regional Change\u003C/title>\u003Curl>http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00343404.2012.674637\u003C/url>\u003Cvolume>48\u003C/volume>\u003Cpublication_date>99201401241200000000222000\u003C/publication_date>\u003Cuuid>FC669724-857C-46E7-BCAB-FA3EE3F24BF5\u003C/uuid>\u003Ctype>400\u003C/type>\u003Cnumber>1\u003C/number>\u003Cdoi>10.1080/00343404.2012.674637\u003C/doi>\u003Cstartpage>7\u003C/startpage>\u003Cendpage>43\u003C/endpage>\u003Cbundle>\u003Cpublication>\u003Ctitle>Regional Studies\u003C/title>\u003Cuuid>85E6BF9D-82B8-40DE-8477-E5B1EB5B031B\u003C/uuid>\u003Csubtype>-100\u003C/subtype>\u003Cpublisher>Routledge\u003C/publisher>\u003Ctype>-100\u003C/type>\u003C/publication>\u003C/bundle>\u003Cauthors>\u003Cauthor>\u003ClastName>Glaeser\u003C/lastName>\u003CfirstName>Edward\u003C/firstName>\u003CmiddleNames>L\u003C/middleNames>\u003C/author>\u003Cauthor>\u003ClastName>Ponzetto\u003C/lastName>\u003CfirstName>Giacomo\u003C/firstName>\u003CmiddleNames>A M\u003C/middleNames>\u003C/author>\u003Cauthor>\u003ClastName>Tobio\u003C/lastName>\u003CfirstName>Kristina\u003C/firstName>\u003C/author>\u003C/authors>\u003C/publication>\u003C/publications>\u003Ccites>\u003C/cites>\u003C/citation>\u0014(Glaeser et al. 2014)\u0015, innovation systems \u0013 ADDIN PAPERS2_CITATIONS \u003Ccitation>\u003Cpriority>0\u003C/priority>\u003Cuuid>3F2E84E2-5B88-4420-95AE-61AF84770914\u003C/uuid>\u003Cpublications>\u003Cpublication>\u003Csubtype>400\u003C/subtype>\u003Ctitle>National innovation systems - Analytical concept and development tool\u003C/title>\u003Curl>http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13662710601130863\u003C/url>\u003Cvolume>14\u003C/volume>\u003Cpublication_date>99200704011200000000222000\u003C/publication_date>\u003Cuuid>A3D1FA6D-0AFD-486D-AE30-14E62D4E07F8\u003C/uuid>\u003Ctype>400\u003C/type>\u003Cnumber>1\u003C/number>\u003Cdoi>10.1080/13662710601130863\u003C/doi>\u003Cinstitution>Aalborg Universitet, Aalborg, Denmark\u003C/institution>\u003Cstartpage>95\u003C/startpage>\u003Cendpage>119\u003C/endpage>\u003Cbundle>\u003Cpublication>\u003Ctitle>Industry & Innovation\u003C/title>\u003Cuuid>DF12DC1F-5637-482E-82B9-C1FF3757DB58\u003C/uuid>\u003Csubtype>-100\u003C/subtype>\u003Cpublisher>Taylor and Francis Journals\u003C/publisher>\u003Ctype>-100\u003C/type>\u003C/publication>\u003C/bundle>\u003Cauthors>\u003Cauthor>\u003ClastName>Lundvall\u003C/lastName>\u003CfirstName>Bengt\u003C/firstName>\u003CmiddleNames>Åke\u003C/middl","cbCaii6AMjiZeXW2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii6AMjiZeXW2","docx",3158036,57,"English","# Introduction\n## Entrepreneurship and context\n## Agglomeration-oriented theories and limitations\n## Entrepreneurial ecosystems at the communal rural level\n## Proposed approach and research design\n## Integrated meso-level framework\n## Implications for policy and decision-making","[{\"question\":\"Why are agglomeration-oriented theories insufficient for rural entrepreneurship at the communal level?\",\"answer\":\"They provide partial explanations, but existing theoretical frameworks and normative models like entrepreneurial ecosystems cannot adequately observe, explain, and inform rural communal-level policies.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the core contribution of the paper?\",\"answer\":\"It proposes a socio-spatial lens to understand rural entrepreneurship holistically and develops an integrated meso-level framework.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the integrated framework developed?\",\"answer\":\"Through abductive research that explores distinct elements of entrepreneurial places in rural contexts, then derives place-sensitive determinations and dimensions.\"}]","Rural Entrepreneurship in Place - An Integrated Framework | DOCX",1788588446,20]