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It explains voice votes, roll-call votes, show-of-hands, and how abstentions and conflict-of-interest statements are typically handled. It also covers outcomes such as motions passing or failing and addresses common adaptations like tabling motions and conducting discussion before a motion is formally made.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/roberts-rules-of-order-cheat-sheet-2021/571467/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/roberts-rules-of-order-cheat-sheet-2021/571467.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"What are the basic steps for handling a motion in Robert’s Rules?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"A motion is made, then it is typically seconded so the board can consider it. The board then discusses the motion and resolves it, generally through a vote.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"How does the board vote under Robert’s Rules?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"It commonly uses a voice vote: “Aye” for those in favor and “Nay” for those opposed. If unclear, the board can use a roll-call vote or a show of hands to remove confusion.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What does it mean to “table” a motion?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"Table means postponing further consideration until a later meeting. The document notes that many nonprofits treat “tabling” as a norm and often do so without a formal vote in routine circumstances.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},571467,1792121639,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":79,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":73},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","ROBERT’S RULES OF ORDERS  \nCHEAT SHEET  \nPREPARED BY FORSMALLNONPROFITS.COM  \nWhat is “Robert’s Rules of Order?”  \nRobert’s Rules of Order is the standard manual used during a “parliamentary” meeting such as a board meeting. It is designed so that in every possible contingency you can think of, there’s a prescribed way to handle it. Some nonprofit bylaws call out Robert’s Rules of Order as the basis for running meetings.  \nThe book was first published in 1876 by Henry Martyn Robert, a U.S. Army Colonel. And at times… well, you can tell it’s based on the ideas of a nineteenth-century military man.  \nThe entire set of rules is laboriously complex. As an elected official who sits on a legislative body that uses Robert’s Rules, I have read a lot (but not all) of the book. And I can tell you, without a doubt, it’s boring. I have met only one or two nonprofit board members who have even picked up a copy.  \nThere is, thankfully, a “brief” version. It’s still two hundred pages, but that’s a lot shorter than the long one. Your nonprofit may wish to buy a copy of the short version and have it atthe meeting, just to have around on the off chance you need it.  \nDespite how few people have read the book, Robert’s Rules of Order is the standard basis for running meetings. If you’ve served on almost any board, you likely are familiar with the gist of it.  \nWhat is the point of this old-fashioned system? At its most basic, it prevents meetings of groups of people (including unions, political parties, clubs, and associations) from descending into chaos. It also provides a structural way to give a dissident a path to make their case or, at least, go on record as being against a particular measure.  \nPART I—VOTING  \nMotions  \nHere is an overview of how votes are taken under Robert’s Rules of Order, especially as they are frequently used by small nonprofits:  \nFirst, someone makes a “motion.” A board member could say,“I move to adopt the budget as presented.”  \nThe next step: Someone “seconds” the motion. This is what allows the board to consider something for a vote. (The board secretary should record the name of the originator of the motion.) If no one chooses to second the motion (which is unlikely but possible), it’s dropped and nothing happens.  \nAt this point the board discusses the motion. No other business of the board can happen until the motion has been resolved. (In Robert’s Rules of Order–speak, the motion is considered“privileged.”)  \nResolving Motions  \nHow is a motion resolved? Generally by a vote.  \nAfter discussion, the board president will say,“Seeing no other questions or comments… all those in favor of the motion, please signify by saying ‘Aye.’” Then everyone in favor votes.“All opposed, please signify by saying ‘Nay.’” Then everyone against the motion votes. (The  \nboard secretary records the results.)  \nIn a small board meeting, this kind of voice vote is usually enough for the president and the secretary to tell whether a vote has passed, and who votedon which side. But sometimes it’s not clear. If either the president or the secretary is unsure, they can ask for a roll-call vote (in which everyone gives their vote one at a time) or a show of hands so there is no confusion.  \nThe two results of the vote are simple to understand: a motion can be approved (the  \nA note on abstentions  \nSometimes a board president will say at this point, “Abstentions?”Someone who has a conflict of interest might voice their name here. Unless you have a specific reason for abstaining, you should vote for or against the motion and not sit it out. Even ifyou don’t like either option, voting is part of your job.  \nmajority vote for it), or it can be defeated (the majority vote against it, or there’s a tie vote, which is also defeats the motion—this is why many boards have odd numbers of people on them) .  \nAfter votes have been counted, the board chair should say something like “The motion passes” or “The motion fails” for absolute clarity. No on","cbCaihssKj4Y1fX8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihssKj4Y1fX8","pdf",178789,"English","# Motions\n## Seconding a motion\n## Resolving motions by vote\n## Voice vote, roll-call vote, and show of hands\n## Abstentions and conflict of interest\n## Outcomes: passes or fails\n## Tabling motions\n# Other common adaptations\n## Discussion before a motion\n## Friendly amendments","[{\"question\":\"What are the basic steps for handling a motion in Robert’s Rules?\",\"answer\":\"A motion is made, then it is typically seconded so the board can consider it. The board then discusses the motion and resolves it, generally through a vote.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the board vote under Robert’s Rules?\",\"answer\":\"It commonly uses a voice vote: “Aye” for those in favor and “Nay” for those opposed. If unclear, the board can use a roll-call vote or a show of hands to remove confusion.\"},{\"question\":\"What does it mean to “table” a motion?\",\"answer\":\"Table means postponing further consideration until a later meeting. The document notes that many nonprofits treat “tabling” as a norm and often do so without a formal vote in routine circumstances.\"}]","ROBERT’S RULES OF ORDER CHEAT SHEET - 2021 | PDF",1791919064]