[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-383740-105":53,"doc-detail-383740-en":127},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":120,"head_meta":122,"extra_data":124,"updated_unix":126},105,"en","projections-of-planes-key-steps-and-solved-problems","PROJECTIONS OF PLANES - Key Steps and Solved Problems","","Engineering drawing solved problems focused on projections of plane figures, explaining how to establish plane position with HP and VP using surface and edge inclinations. The material defines key views (FV, TV, SV), true and reduced/apparent shapes, and provides a three-step procedure: start with an assumed initial position, apply surface inclination to complete intermediate projections, then apply side/edge inclination for final projections. Multiple worked examples cover common polygons and circles with specified angles and trace requirements.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/projections-of-planes-key-steps-and-solved-problems/383740/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/projections-of-planes-key-steps-and-solved-problems/383740.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Riley","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"What information must be given in problems on projections of planes?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"The problem specifies the plane figure description, its position with HP and VP, and either the inclination of the surface to a reference plane or the inclination of an edge to another reference plane.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"How is the true shape determined in the assumed initial position?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"Assume the surface parallel to HP or VP depending on the given inclination. When the surface is assumed parallel to HP, the TV shows the true shape; when assumed parallel to VP, the FV shows the true shape.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What are the three main steps to solve a projections-of-planes problem?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"Step 1: assume conditions and draw FV and TV for the initial position. Step 2: apply surface inclination and project the other view. Step 3: apply side/edge inclination and project the final views.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},383740,1791359374,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":76,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":9},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","Projection of planes in engineering drawing solved problems pdf  \n1. PROJECTIONS OF PLANES In this topic various plane figures are the objects. What will be given in the problem? 1. Description of the plane figure. 2. It’s position with HP and VP. In which manner it’s position with HP & VP will be described? 1.Inclination of it’s SURFACE with one of the reference planes will be given. 2. Inclination of one of it’s EDGES with other reference plane will be given (Hence this will be a case of an object inclined to both reference Planes. ) To draw their projections means F.V, T.V. & S.V. What is usually asked in the problem? Study the illustration showing surface & side inclination given on next page. 2. HP VPVPVP a’ d’ c’b’ HP a b c d a 1’ d1’ c 1’ b1’ HP a 1 b1 c 1 d1 CASE OF A RECTANGLE – OBSERVE AND NOTE ALL STEPS. SURFACE PARALLEL TO HP PICTORIAL PRESENTATION SURFACE INCLINED TO HP PICTORIAL PRESENTATION ONE SMALL SIDE INCLINED TO VP PICTORIAL PRESENTATION ORTHOGRAPHIC TV-True Shape FV-Line // to xy ORTHOGRAPHIC FV-Inclined to XY TV-Reduced Shape ORTHOGRAPHIC FV-Apparent Shape TV-Previous Shape A B C 3. PROCEDURE OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM: IN THREE STEPS EACH PROBLEM CAN BE SOLVED:( As Shown In Previous Illustration ) STEP 1. Assume suitable conditions & draw Fv & Tv of initial position. STEP 2. Now consider surface inclination & draw 2nd Fv & Tv. STEP 3. After this,consider side/edge inclination and draw 3rd ( final) Fv & Tv. ASSUMPTIONS FOR INITIAL POSITION: (Initial Position means assuming surface // to HP or VP) 1.If in problem surface is inclined to HP – assume it // HP Or If surface is inclined to VP – assume it // to VP 2. Now if surface is assumed // to HP-It’s TV will show True Shape. And If surface is assumed // to VP – It’s FV will show True Shape. 3. Hence begin with drawing TV or FV as True Shape. 4. While drawing this True Shape – keep one side/edge ( which is making inclination) perpendicular to xy line ( similar to pair no. on previous page illustration ) .A B Now Complete STEP 2. By making surface inclined to the resp plane & project it’s other view. (Ref. 2nd pair on previous page illustration ) C Now Complete STEP 3. By making side inclined to the resp plane & project it’s other view. (Ref. 3nd pair on previous page illustration ) APPLY SAME STEPS TO SOLVE NEXT ELEVEN PROBLEMS 4. X Y Q12 .4: A regular pentagon of 25mm side has one side on the ground. Its plane is inclined at 45º to the HP and perpendicular to the VP. Draw its projections and show its traces a b c d e 25 a’ e’ b’ d’ c’ a 1 b1 c 1 d1 e 1 Hint: As the plane is inclined to HP, it should be kept parallel to HP with one edge perpendicular to VP 45º 5. Q.12. 5:Draw the projections of a circle of 5 cm diameter having its plane vertical and inclined at 30º to the V.P. Its centre is 3cm above the H.P. and 2cm in front of the V.P. Show also its traces X Y 1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ 8’ 9’ 10’ 11’ 12’ 3020 1 2, 12 3, 11 4, 10 5, 9 6, 8 7 30º 41’ 31’ 51’ 21’ 61’ 11’ 71’ 121’ 81’ 111’ 91’ 101’ 50 Ø 6. X Y a’ b’ c’ d’ e’ f’ a 1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ 8’ 9’ 10’ 11’ 12’ e f a d b c 10 9 11 8 12 1 7 2 6 3 5 4 e f a d b c 10 9 11 8 12 1 7 2 6 3 5 4 30º a 1’ f1’ b1’ e 1’ c 1’ d1’ 11’ 121’ 21’ 111’ 31’ 101’ 41’ 91’ 51’ 81’ 61’ 71’ Problem 5 : draw a regular hexagon of 40 mm sides, with its two sides vertical. Draw a circle of 40 mm diameter in its centre. The figure represents a hexagonal plate with a hole in it and having its surfacre parallel to the VP. Draw its projections when the surface is vertical abd inclined at 30º to the VP. 7. X Y 45º a’ c’ b’ a b c 1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’ 8’ 9’ 10’ 11’ 12’ 10 9 11 8 12 1 7 2 6 3 5 4 30º a 1’ b1’ c 1’ 11’ 121’ 21’ 111’ 101’ 91’ 81’ 61’ 71’ 31’ 41’ 51’ Problem 1 : Draw an equilateral triangle of 75 mm sides and inscribe a circle in it. Draw the projections of the figure, when its plane is vertical and inclined at 30º to the VP and one of the sides of the triangle is inclined at 45º to the HP. 8. Q12 . 7: Draw the projections of a regu","cbCaiuXtOvcf4vL0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuXtOvcf4vL0","pdf",69770,"English","# PROJECTIONS OF PLANES\n## Problem inputs (surface and edge inclinations)\n## True shape vs reduced/appared TV and FV\n## Three-step procedure for solving\n## Worked examples (Q12-7 to later problems)","[{\"question\":\"What information must be given in problems on projections of planes?\",\"answer\":\"The problem specifies the plane figure description, its position with HP and VP, and either the inclination of the surface to a reference plane or the inclination of an edge to another reference plane.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the true shape determined in the assumed initial position?\",\"answer\":\"Assume the surface parallel to HP or VP depending on the given inclination. When the surface is assumed parallel to HP, the TV shows the true shape; when assumed parallel to VP, the FV shows the true shape.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the three main steps to solve a projections-of-planes problem?\",\"answer\":\"Step 1: assume conditions and draw FV and TV for the initial position. Step 2: apply surface inclination and project the other view. Step 3: apply side/edge inclination and project the final views.\"}]","PROJECTIONS OF PLANES - Key Steps and Solved Problems | PDF",1790258966]