[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-242373-105":53,"doc-detail-242373-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","project-completion-template-project-bringing-horehound-under-control-faster-project-number-21123","Project Completion Template - Project Bringing Horehound under control faster - Project Number 21123","","Project Completion Template documenting results for Project 21123, “Bringing Horehound under control faster,” with a report date of 30 June 2024. The project redistributed biocontrol agents for horehound (Marrubium vulgare), refocusing from the root-feeding clearwing moth to the horehound plume moth when establishment failed and re-import was required. Findings describe insect colonisation in horehound roots, delayed larval survival beyond one year, and implications for release timing, method, and required release size, supporting growers’ confidence in future control outcomes.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":36,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/forms/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/project-completion-template-project-bringing-horehound-under-control-faster-project-number-21123/242373/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/project-completion-template-project-bringing-horehound-under-control-faster-project-number-21123/242373.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"วิน","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-08","2026-09-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":47},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What were the main objectives at the start of the project?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"To redistribute biocontrol agents for horehound, initially targeting the root-feeding clearwing moth and then shifting toward the horehound plume moth when establishment outcomes differed from expectations.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What approach and release method were used in this project round?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"Plume moths were collected from Australia, kept in containment until removal clearance, mass-reared, and released at multiple sites using whole plants with pupae/freshly emerged adults or cut stems with pupae, rather than releasing larvae as in earlier work.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What key findings affected how future releases should be planned?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Clearwing moth larvae can survive in the root for more than one year, enabling overwintering and later development. The project suggests that colder NZ conditions can still allow establishment if summer mating conditions occur, and that larger release sizes may be needed to ensure sufficient individuals complete development and encounter favourable mating conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},242373,1790192169,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":35,"category_name":36,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":47,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":47,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":73},2336475104736,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c5e0e5b17e70?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786591360781797222","Project Completion Template  \nProject Title: Bringing Horehound under control faster  \nProject Number: 21123  \nDate of Report: 30 June 2024  \nThis information from Sections 2 – 5 and Section 11 will be published on the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) website unless you advise us otherwise.  \n1. Milestone Summary Table  \nMilestone Number  \nMilestone  \n[As per SFF contract schedule]  \nCompletion Date  \nOriginal Actual  \nPercent Complete  \n2. Project Objectives  \n(Why did you do this project? What were your key objectives at the start of the  \nproject? Outline if any of these objectives changed during the course of the project. )  \nThe key objective of this project was to redistribute the biocontrol agents for horehound (Marrubium vulgare), which were first introduced to NZ in late 2018/early 2019. We originally set out to redistribute the root-feeding clearwing moth. However, we soon discovered that this moth was not as well established as we had thought. We then refocused on the second agent, the horehound plume moth, which had shown signs of good establishment at two of the original release sites. However, we found that the moth had disappeared from those sites. Finally we realised we would have to re-import this agent from Australia. We did indeed reintroduced the moth and have now released it at four new sites, using a different release method. We are also maintaining a culture of the moth at rearing facilities, with the aim to make additional releases in the spring of 2024. We will then be able to compare establishment success from releases in late-summer/autumn to releases in spring.  \n3. Approach  \n(What did you do – how did you go about it?)  \nWe collected the plume moth in Australia from the same sites/source populations used in the original collection in 2018. These moth were kept in containment at Lincoln until they cleared for removal from containment. The moths were then massreared and releases were made in Marlborough, North Canterbury, Makenzie Basin, and Central Otago. All sites in this round of releases were different to the release sites from 2018/19 . The release method was different this time. In the original releases we followed the successful method used by the Australian, of releasing 200 advanced-stage larvae. This time we used whole plants with > 200 pupae/freshlyemerged adults on them. We planted those in the ground at the release site, and allowed the emerging adults to find their preferred oviposition sites for the next generation of moths. We also used cut stems with pupae, once we discovered that pupae can emerge successfully from detached stems (i.e. , they do not require that attachment to push against to emerge successfully, like some moths and butterflies) .  \n4. What were the main findings from this project?  \nWe discovered that the roots of horehound have been colonised by other insects following the introduction of the clearwing moth. These insects were not found inhorehound roots during pre-release surveys. At each of the two sites were the clearwing moth was thought to have established we found one species of insect has become abundant in the roots, possibly thanks to the weakening of the roots by the moth. At both sites, tunnels of the moth and the other insects were found populating the same root in some instances. At the north Canterbury site we found an endemic weevil, which is currently undergoing a scientific description (yet to be submitted) . It appears that the most likely native hosts of this weevil are plants in the genus  \nCarmichaelia , also referred to as native brooms. A patch of Carmichaelia plants was found in a gully on this farm, not too far from the release site. This host association is yet to be confirmed. No clearwing moth larvae were found at this site five years post release of the moth. The horehound density at the site has declined dramatically in the first year after the release, and has remained at that level ever since. This site is likely to be planted i","cbCainYurpZoUtVB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainYurpZoUtVB","pdf",177886,"English","# Milestone Summary Table\n## Milestone Summary\n# Project Objectives\n# Approach\n## Collection and containment\n## Mass rearing and releases\n# Main Findings\n## Root colonisation and larval survival\n## Host associations and agent usefulness\n# Project Impact on Community and Industry","[{\"question\":\"What were the main objectives at the start of the project?\",\"answer\":\"To redistribute biocontrol agents for horehound, initially targeting the root-feeding clearwing moth and then shifting toward the horehound plume moth when establishment outcomes differed from expectations.\"},{\"question\":\"What approach and release method were used in this project round?\",\"answer\":\"Plume moths were collected from Australia, kept in containment until removal clearance, mass-reared, and released at multiple sites using whole plants with pupae/freshly emerged adults or cut stems with pupae, rather than releasing larvae as in earlier work.\"},{\"question\":\"What key findings affected how future releases should be planned?\",\"answer\":\"Clearwing moth larvae can survive in the root for more than one year, enabling overwintering and later development. The project suggests that colder NZ conditions can still allow establishment if summer mating conditions occur, and that larger release sizes may be needed to ensure sufficient individuals complete development and encounter favourable mating conditions.\"}]","Project Completion Template - Project Bringing Horehound under control faster - Project Number 21123 | PDF",1789189801]