[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-243299-105":53,"doc-detail-243299-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","program-evaluation-pennsylvania-example-23-needs-assessment","Program Evaluation - Pennsylvania Example #23 - Needs Assessment","","A needs assessment strategy for women in agriculture guides Pennsylvania Extension programming decisions on developing or improving programs, choosing focus areas, and selecting delivery methods. The document defines educational need as a discrepancy between an audience’s current status and desired results, then describes a study approach using purposive sampling at agriculture events. It explains mixed open-ended and close-ended questions, enabling identification of women’s priorities and calculation of the share endorsing each need.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/program-evaluation-pennsylvania-example-23-needs-assessment/243299/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/program-evaluation-pennsylvania-example-23-needs-assessment/243299.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Noah","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-06","2026-09-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":76},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What decisions does the needs assessment support for women in agriculture?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"It helps determine whether to develop or improve an Extension program, what the program focus should be, and how the program should be delivered to the target audience.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How are participants recruited for the needs assessment study?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"The study uses purposive sampling by asking women at field days, Ag Progress Days, Farm Show, workshops, and other events to complete the needs assessment.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does the survey include both open-ended and close-ended questions?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Open-ended questions identify needs women name themselves without programmer bias, while close-ended questions cover literature-based needs and allow planners to compute the percentage of women selecting each need.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},243299,1790983693,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":76,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":47,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":73},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","| \u003Cbr>Program Evaluation\u003Cbr>Pennsylvania Example \\#23: Needs Assessment |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| A Needs Assessment Strategy for Women in Agriculture INTRODUCTION\u003Cbr>Extension conducts periodic needs assessments among typical historic audiences and among potentially new audiences for the purpose of setting programming priorities and allocating resources. An educational need is considered a discrepancy between an audience's current status and some desired result (Witkin and Altschuld, 1995), the working assumption being that education can bring about the desired result.\u003Cbr>A needs assessment can help Extension educators to decide\u003Cbr>• whether an extension program should be developed (or improved)\u003Cbr>• the focus of the program\u003Cbr>• how the program should be delivered\u003Cbr>The Women's Agricultural Network (PA-WAgN) is currently conducting a needs assessment in Pennsylvania among women in agriculture including women\u003Cbr>• on farms\u003Cbr>• in agricultural businesses\u003Cbr>• in education\u003Cbr>for the purpose of making the three decisions above relative to this target audience. The Pennsylvania Women's Agricultural Network (PA-WAgN) supports women in agriculture by providing a positive learning environment, networking, leadership opportunities and skills, and empowerment. The needs assessment is included below.\u003Cbr>STUDY TEAM\u003Cbr>Mary Barbercheck, Kathryn J. Brasier, Jill L. Findeis, Nancy Ellen Kiernan, Linda Moist, Carolyn Sachs, Ann Stone, Amy Trauger\u003Cbr>NEEDS ASSESSMENT STRATEGY\u003Cbr>At the current time, there is no list of women in agriculture in Pennsylvania and therefore,\u003Cbr>Sampling no way to systematically sample this group. The process used in this study is called\u003Cbr>purposive sampling. Women at field days, Ag Progress Days, Farm Show, workshops and other events will be asked to complete the needs assessment.\u003Cbr>The assessment has several advantages. It asks both open-ended questions and closeended questions. The open-ended questions will determine needs that the women identify,\u003Cbr>Questions and is free of the programmer’s bias. The close-ended questions cover a range of needs\u003Cbr>already identified in the literature and research as important to women in agriculture outside of Pennsylvania. Closed-ended questions allow the women to respond to an array of needs that they might not have remembered to put down in the open-ended questions. Closed-ended questions also allow program planners to calculate the percent of women who identify each need.\u003Cbr>RESOURCES\u003Cbr>Tipsheet \\#77 : Women in Production Agriculture: A Hidden Audience in your County?\u003Cbr>Witkin, B. R. and J. W. Altschuld. (1995) . Planning and Conducting Needs Assessments. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications\u003Cbr>Women's Agricultural Network (WAgN) [http://wagn.cas.psu.edu/](http://wagn.cas.psu.edu/ Available November)[ Available November](http://wagn.cas.psu.edu/ Available November) 1, 2005\u003Cbr>For further information about the needs assessment, please contact Amy Trauger ([akt122@psu.edu](akt122@psu.edu)), Carolyn\u003Cbr>Sachs ([xyl@psu.edu](xyl@psu.edu)), or Mary Barbercheck ([meb34@psu.edu](meb34@psu.edu)). This Web site is copyrighted by the Pennsylvania State\u003Cbr>University. The information may be used for educational purposes but not sold for profit. Ä |  |\n|  |  |\n|  | |\n\nHelp Us Help You—Completing this su us needsrvey he lps determine your .  \n1 Think about the knowledge and skills required to run your farm. What are the 3 most crucial skills or pieces of knowledge you would like to acquire to run your farm?  \n1  \n___________________________________________________________________________________  \n2  \n___________________________________________________________________________________  \n3    \n2 Below we have listed skills and pieces of knowledge that other farmers have mentioned as important for running their farms. On the left, please check the phrase that best represents your  \ncurrent skill level in each area. With this same list, on the right, please check whether or not your would","cbCaian85dT4yGVf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaian85dT4yGVf","pdf",304849,"English","# Introduction\n## Needs Assessment Strategy\n## Resources\n## Help Us Help You: Needs Survey Questions","[{\"question\":\"What decisions does the needs assessment support for women in agriculture?\",\"answer\":\"It helps determine whether to develop or improve an Extension program, what the program focus should be, and how the program should be delivered to the target audience.\"},{\"question\":\"How are participants recruited for the needs assessment study?\",\"answer\":\"The study uses purposive sampling by asking women at field days, Ag Progress Days, Farm Show, workshops, and other events to complete the needs assessment.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the survey include both open-ended and close-ended questions?\",\"answer\":\"Open-ended questions identify needs women name themselves without programmer bias, while close-ended questions cover literature-based needs and allow planners to compute the percentage of women selecting each need.\"}]","Program Evaluation - Pennsylvania Example #23 - Needs Assessment | PDF",1789202375]