[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-237222-105":53,"doc-detail-237222-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","profiling-a-mind-map-user-a-descriptive-appraisal","Profiling a Mind Map User: A Descriptive Appraisal","","Non-linear mind mapping provides an alternative to linear outlining for capturing thoughts, ideas, and information in education, government, and business. The paper evaluates mind-mapping techniques by comparing hand-drawn maps and mind-mapping software, including their advantages and disadvantages across multiple product dimensions. Survey results generate a descriptive user profile of mind map users in education, government, and business, clarifying how the approach supports training, brainstorming, organizing, and problem solving.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/profiling-a-mind-map-user-a-descriptive-appraisal/237222/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/profiling-a-mind-map-user-a-descriptive-appraisal/237222.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Đào","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":45},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is mind mapping and how does it differ from linear outlining?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"Mind mapping is a non-linear framework that organizes thoughts, ideas, and information visually. 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Software features can be especially significant when maps require collaboration and real-time editing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},237222,1791729197,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":45,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":47},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Journal of Instructional Pedagogies  \nProfiling a mind map user: a descriptive appraisal  \nJoanne M. Tucker  \nShippensburg University of Pennsylvania  \nGary R. Armstrong  \nShippensburg University of Pennsylvania  \nVictor J. Massad  \nKutztown University of Pennsylvania  \nAbstract  \nWhether created manually or through the use of software, a non-linear information organization framework known as mind mapping offers an alternative method for capturing thoughts, ideas and information to linear thinking modes, such as outlining. Mind mapping is used in education, government and business as a creative method that is useful in training, brainstorming, organizing and problem solving. This paper examines mind mapping techniques, advantages and disadvantages of hand-drawn maps and using mind mapping software. Several mind-mapping software applications are compared on a number of product dimensions. Survey results provide a descriptive profile of mind map users in education, government and business sectors.  \nKeywords: mind mapping, mind mapping software, mind map user profile  \nProfiling a mind map user, Page 1  \nJournal of Instructional Pedagogies  \nIntroduction to Mind Maps  \nThe mind mapping technique, along with the term “mind map,” originated with popular psychology author Tony Buzan (1970), who developed the technique as a way of helping people to learn more effectively. His work is partly based on the pioneering brain resea ch of the 50’s as well as left/right brain work by Roger Wolcott Sperry (1968) which was later refined by Robert Ornstein (1977). The body of this research indicates that the human brain responds best to keywords, images, colors, and direct association. Buzan refined these ideas into a simple set of rules that can be followed to create a maze of information known as a mind map. Based on the increasing interest in this technique over recent years, many people have found mind maps to bean efficient way to take notes, plan a project or presentation, brainstorm, as well as other applications. Mind mapping usage and growth has been chronicled in the fields of business (Blum, 2007; Van Hool, 2004; Wilcox, 2003), engineering (Zampetakis,Tsironis and Moustakis 2007), and education (Abi-El-Mona, 2008; Adam and Mowers, 2007; Akinoglu and Yasar, 2007; Kirchner, 2009; Lamont, 2009; Näykki and Järvelä, 2008) .  \nMind mapping is a visual tool used to organize and relate themes or objectives. Buzan asserts that mind maps that incorporate pictures and different colors bring ideas to life. A good mind map shows the overall structure of the topic or problem and relates subtop cs through color, lines and pictures. Wycoff (1991) summarizes Buzan’s guidelines as: “A central focus or graphic representation of the problem is placed in the center of a page; ideas are allowed to flow freely without judgment; key words are used to represent ideas; one key word is printed per line; keywords are connected to the central focus with lines; color is used to highlight and emphasize ideas; and images and symbols are used to highlight ideas and stimulate the mind to make connections.” Figure 1, Mind Map Guidelines portrays the guidelines ([www.mindmappingtool.com](www.mindmappingtool.com)).  \nFigure 1: Mind Map Guidelines  \nThe hand-drawn mind map in Figure 2 illustrates the overall organization of the topic,  \nmind mapping, through the use of nodes, branches, words, color, lines and pictures ([http://www.12manage.com/%5Cmethods_mind_mapping.html](http://www.12manage.com/%5Cmethods_mind_mapping.html)) .  \nProfiling a mind map user, Page 2  \nJournal of Instructional Pedagogies  \nFigure 2: Hand-drawn Map  \nUnlike linear thinking techniques, mind mapping is a graphic technique that captures ideas and information. Proponents of mind maps assert that mind maps enable people to see the various aspects of the topic or problem; and seeing all constituents simultaneously positively affects concepts learning (Mintzes 1999, McComas 1999) . Lane (2009) des","cbCais07N7l4z8b1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCais07N7l4z8b1","pdf",571906,13,"English","# Profiling a mind map user\n## Abstract\n## Introduction to Mind Maps\n## Hand-drawn Maps and Mind Mapping Software\n## Table 1: Hand-drawn Maps versus Computer-drawn Maps","[{\"question\":\"What is mind mapping and how does it differ from linear outlining?\",\"answer\":\"Mind mapping is a non-linear framework that organizes thoughts, ideas, and information visually. It contrasts with outlining by presenting relationships and structure in a more associative way.\"},{\"question\":\"Who originally developed the mind mapping technique and what ideas influenced it?\",\"answer\":\"Tony Buzan developed the technique as a learning method. It builds on brain research and left/right brain work credited to Roger Wolcott Sperry, later refined by Robert Ornstein.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key differences between hand-drawn mind maps and mind mapping software?\",\"answer\":\"Hand-drawn maps and software both offer advantages and disadvantages. Software features can be especially significant when maps require collaboration and real-time editing.\"}]","Profiling a Mind Map User: A Descriptive Appraisal | PDF",1789110662]