[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-573088-105":53,"doc-detail-573088-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","physics-formulae-and-relationships","Physics - Formulae and Relationships","","Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination Physics reference sheet listing essential physics data, constants, and formulae across key topics. It includes fundamental constants such as molar gas constant, Avogadro constant, gravity and universal gravitation, speed of light, electron charge and rest mass, and electromagnetic constants. Core mechanics includes rectilinear motion equations, energy and power relations, and gravitational potential energy. Mathematics and physics formulae cover line equation, arc length, cylinder and sphere geometry, and small-angle 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physical constants are provided in the reference list?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"The sheet lists constants including the molar gas constant, Avogadro constant, acceleration due to gravity, universal gravitational constant, speed of light, electron charge, electron rest mass, and key electromagnetic constants such as permittivity and permeability of free space.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which rectilinear motion equations are included?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"For uniformly accelerated motion, it provides relations for velocity and distance, including v = u + at and s = ut + at^2, and also the form v^2 = u^2 + 2as.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What geometry and approximation formulae are provided?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"It includes y = mx + c for a straight line, arc length as rθ, cylinder surface area and volume, sphere surface area and volume, and small-angle approximations sinθ ≈ tanθ ≈ θ (in radians).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},573088,1792055152,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":73,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":76,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":9},962084928904,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education Examination  \nPhysics  \nThe following list of data, formulae and relationships will be provided in the question papers for candidates ’ reference:  \nData  \nmolar gas constant  \nAvogadro constant acceleration due to gravity universal gravitational constant speed of light in vacuum charge of electron  \nelectron rest mass permittivity of free space permeability of free space atomic mass unit astronomical unit  \nlight year parsec  \nStefan constant Planck constant  \nList of data, formulae and relationships  \nR = 8.31 J mol−1 K−1  \nNA = 6.02 × 1023 mol−1  \ng = 9.81 m s−2 (close to the Earth)  \nG = 6.67 × 10−11 N m2 kg−2  \nc = 3.00 × 108 m s−1  \nqe = 1.60 × 10−19 C  \nme = 9.11 × 10−31 kg  \n􀁈0 = 8.85 × 10−12 C2 N−1 m−2  \n􀁐0 = 4􀁓 × 10−7 H m−1  \nu = 1.661 􀂯 10−27 kg (1 u is equivalent to 931 MeV) AU = 1.50 􀂯 1011 m  \nly = 9.46 􀂯 1015 m  \npc = 3.09 􀂯 1016 m = 3.26 ly = 206265 AU  \n􀁖 = 5.67 􀂯 10−8 W m−2 K−4  \nh = 6.63 × 10−34 J s  \nRectilinear motion  \nFor uniformly accelerated motion :  \nv = u + at  1  \ns = ut + at 2  \nv2 = u2 + 2as  \n2  \nMathematics  \nEquation of a straight line y = mx + c  \nArc length = r θ  \nSurface area of cylinder = 2􀁓rh + 2􀁓r2  \nVolume of cylinder = 􀁓r2h  \nSurface area of sphere = 4􀁓r2  \nVolume of sphere = 43 􀁓r3  \nFor small angles, sin 􀁔 ≈ tan 􀁔 ≈ 􀁔 (in radians)  \n\n| Astronomy and Space Science |  | Energy and Use of Energy |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| U = − ~~  ~~r\u003Cbr>P = 􀁖􀀤T4\u003Cbr>􀀧f v ~~ ~~ 􀁼 ~~ ~~ 􀁼 f0 c\u003Cbr>GMm\u003Cbr>􀀧􀁏 􀁏0 | gravitational potential energy Stefan ’s law\u003Cbr>Doppler effect | E = 􀀩AQ A(TH − TC ) ~~ ~~ = 􀁎~~ ~~\u003Cbr>t d\u003Cbr>U = 􀁎d 1 3\u003Cbr>P = 2 ρAv | illuminance\u003Cbr>rate of energy transfer by conduction\u003Cbr>thermal transmittance U-value maximum power by wind turbine |  |\n| Atomic World\u003Cbr>1 2 ’\u003Cbr>2 me vmax = hf − 􀁉 Einstein s photoelectric equation En = − ~~ ~~n12~~ ~~ 􀂮􀂰􀂭􀂰􀂯 ~~ ~~m8h~~e~~24q~~ e~~􀁈02~~ ~~ 􀂽􀂿 = − ~~ ~~13n2.6 eV\u003Cbr>energy level equation for hydrogen atom |  | Medical Physics\u003Cbr>1.22􀁏􀁔 􀁼\u003Cbr>d\u003Cbr>1 power = ~~ ~~\u003Cbr>f L = 10 log  I \u003Cbr>I0 Z = 􀁕 c\u003Cbr>􀁄 =  Ir  =  (Z2 − Z1 ) 2 I0 (Z2 + Z1 ) 2\u003Cbr>I = I0 e− μx |  | Rayleigh criterion (resolving power)\u003Cbr>power of a lens\u003Cbr>intensity level (dB) acoustic impedance intensity reflection coefficient\u003Cbr>transmitted intensity through a medium |\n| h h 􀁏 = ~~ ~~ = ~~ ~~\u003Cbr>p mv\u003Cbr>1.22􀁏􀁔 􀁼\u003Cbr>d | de Broglie formula\u003Cbr>Rayleigh criterion (resolving power) |  |  |  |\n\nA1 . E = mc ∆T  \nA2 . E = l ∆m  \nA3 . pV = nRT  \nA4 . pV = 13 Nmc 2  \n3RT A5 . EK =  \n2 NA  \n􀀧v   􀀧p B1 . F = m =  \n􀀧t 􀀧t B2 . moment = F 􀂯 d  \nB3 . EP = mgh  \nB4 . EK = 12 mv2  \nB5 . P = Fv B6 . a = vr2~~ ~~ = 􀁚2 r B7 . F = ~~ ~~Gm~~ ~~1r2m2~~ ~~  \nC1 . 􀀧y = 􀁏Da  \nC2 . d sin􀁔 = n􀁏 C3 . ~~ ~~1u~~ ~~ + 1v = ~~ ~~1f  \nenergy transfer during heating and cooling  \nenergy transfer during change of state  \nequation of state for an ideal gas  \nkinetic theory equation  \nmolecular kinetic energy  \nforce  \nmoment of a force  \ngravitational potential energy  \nkinetic energy  \nmechanical power  \ncentripetal acceleration  \nNewton’s law of gravitation  \nfringe separation in double-slit interference  \ndiffraction grating equation  \nequation for a single lens  \nD1 . F = 4Qπ~~1~~Q􀁈~~ ~~0~~2~~r2  \nQD2 . E = ~~ ~~  \n4π􀁈0r 2 D3 . E = V  \nd D4 . R = ~~ ~~􀁕Al  \nD5 . R = R1 + R2  \n 1   1   1  D6 . = +  \nR R R  \n1 2  \nD7 . P = IV = I 2R  \nD8 . F = BQv sin 􀁔  \nD9 . F = BIl sin􀁔 D10 . B = ~~ ~~􀁐2~~0~~πIr  \nD11 . B = ~~ ~~􀁐~~0~~lNI 􀀧Φ  \nD12 . 􀁈 = N 􀀧t  \nD13 . VV~~s ~~ 􀁼 NN~~s ~~p p  \nE1 . N = N0e−kt  \nln 2 E2 . t  1 =  \n2 k  \nE3 . A = kN  \nCoulomb ’s law  \nelectric field strength due toa point charge  \nelectric field between parallel plates (numerically)  \nresistance and resistivity  \nresistors in series  \nresistors in parallel  \npower in a circuit  \nforce on a moving charge in a magnetic field  \nforce on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field  \nmagnetic field due to a long straight wire  \nmagnetic field inside a long solenoid  \ninduced e.m.f.  \nratio of seconda","cbCaioM2GO5o7r6z","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioM2GO5o7r6z","pdf",233725,"English","# Data and Constants\n## Core Physical Constants\n# Motion and Mathematics\n## Rectilinear Motion\n## Geometry and Small-angle Approximations\n# Key Physics Topics\n## Astronomy and Space Science\n## Energy and Use of Energy\n## Atomic World\n## Medical Physics\n## Medical and Wave Phenomena\n## Electromagnetism and Circuits","[{\"question\":\"What physical constants are provided in the reference list?\",\"answer\":\"The sheet lists constants including the molar gas constant, Avogadro constant, acceleration due to gravity, universal gravitational constant, speed of light, electron charge, electron rest mass, and key electromagnetic constants such as permittivity and permeability of free space.\"},{\"question\":\"Which rectilinear motion equations are included?\",\"answer\":\"For uniformly accelerated motion, it provides relations for velocity and distance, including v = u + at and s = ut + at^2, and also the form v^2 = u^2 + 2as.\"},{\"question\":\"What geometry and approximation formulae are provided?\",\"answer\":\"It includes y = mx + c for a straight line, arc length as rθ, cylinder surface area and volume, sphere surface area and volume, and small-angle approximations sinθ ≈ tanθ ≈ θ (in radians).\"}]","Physics - Formulae and Relationships | PDF",1791932008]