[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-564770-105":53,"doc-detail-564770-en":127},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":120,"head_meta":122,"extra_data":124,"updated_unix":126},105,"en","phonological-processes-phonological-process-sound-error-patterns-and-age-of-elimination-chart","Phonological Processes - Phonological process sound error patterns and age of elimination chart","","Phonological processes describe recurring sound-error patterns that simplify speech during the period when typically developing children learn to speak. The document contrasts typical processes with phonological disorders that persist beyond the expected elimination age or involve atypical processes. It directs educators to consult an articulation and/or phonological impairment rubric to determine educational impact. The charts define multiple error types, provide representative examples, and list age-of-elimination ranges to support screening and intervention decisions.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/phonological-processes-phonological-process-sound-error-patterns-and-age-of-elimination-chart/564770/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phonological-processes-phonological-process-sound-error-patterns-and-age-of-elimination-chart/564770.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-10-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"What is the difference between typical phonological processes and phonological disorders?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"Typical phonological processes are sound-error patterns used to simplify speech while children learn to speak. Phonological disorders occur when a process continues past the typical age of elimination or when a child uses an atypical phonological process.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"How does the document suggest determining the educational impact of phonological processes?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"It instructs readers to reference the Considerations for Speech (Articulation or Phonological) Impairment Rubric to determine educational impact.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What information do the tables provide for each phonological process?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"Each entry includes a definition, an example of the error, and an age of elimination (or notes that it is seen in more severe delays).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},564770,1792086365,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":47,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":73},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","SPECIAL EDUCATION  \nRESOURCES  \nPhonological Processes  \nPhonological processes are patterns of sound errors to simplify speech as typically developing children are learning how to speak. Phonological disorders are when a phonological process is used past the typical age of elimination or when a child uses an atypical phonological process.  \nBe sure to reference the Considerations for Speech (Articulation or Phonological) Impairment Rubric to determine the educational impact of phonological processes.  \n\n| SUBSTITUTION | Definition | Example | Age of Elimination |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Backing | When alveolar sounds /t/, /d/, and /s/ are substituted with velar or palatal sounds like /k/ and /g/. | “kime” for\u003Cbr>“time” | Atypical process seen in more severe delays |\n| Affrication | When a nonaffricate is replaced with an affricate /ch/ or /j/. | “jat” for “bat” | 3 years |\n| Fronting | When velar or palatal sounds /k/, /g/, and /sh/ are substituted for alveolar sounds /t/, /d/, and /s/. | “tan” for\u003Cbr>“can” | 3.5 years |\n| Stopping | A fricative /f, v, s, z, th, sh/ or affricate /ch/ or /j/ is substituted with a stop /p, b, t, d, k, g/. | “pat” for\u003Cbr>“fat” | /f, s/ by 3; /v, z/ by 3.5;/sh, ch, j/ by 4.5;/th/ by 5 |\n| Gliding | When a liquid /r/ or /l/ is substituted with a glide sound /w/ or /y/. | “wed” for\u003Cbr>“red” | 5-6 years |\n| Deaffrication | An affricate /ch/ or /j/ is replaced with a fricative /f, v, s, z, th, sh/ or a stop /p, b, t, d, k, g/. | “teap” for\u003Cbr>“cheap” | 4 years |\n| Depalatalization | A palatal sound is substituted with a nonpalatal sound. | “tark” for\u003Cbr>“shark” | 5 years |\n| Alveolarization | A nonalveolar sound is substituted with an alveolar sound /t, d, s/. | “top” for\u003Cbr>“shop” | 5 years |\n| Labialization | A nonlabial sound is substituted with a labial sound /m, p, b/. | “bake” for\u003Cbr>“take” | 6 years |\n| Vowelization\u003Cbr>Vocalization | When /l/ or /er/ sounds are replaced with a vowel. | “teacho” for\u003Cbr>“teacher” | — |\n\n\n| SYLLABLE STRUCTURE | Definition | Example | Age of Elimination |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Reduplication | When a complete or incomplete syllable is repeated. | “wawa”for\u003Cbr>“water” | 2.5-3 years |\n| Initial Consonant Deletion | When the first consonant or consonant cluster is left off. | “oy” for “toy” | Atypical process seen in more severe delays |\n| Final Consonant Deletion | When the final consonant or consonant cluster is left off. | “ma” for\u003Cbr>“mom” | 3.3 years |\n| Diminutization | Adding “ee” or consonant + “ee” to a word. | “cupee” for\u003Cbr>“cup” | — |\n| Cluster Reduction | When all or some of a consonant cluster is deleted or substituted. | “top” for\u003Cbr>“stop” | 3.5-4 years without /s/ 5 years with /s/ |\n| Weak Syllable Deletion | The weak syllable of a word is deleted. | “nana” for\u003Cbr>“banana” | 4 years |\n| Epenthesis | When an unstressed vowel, typically the “uh” sound is added between two consonants. | “puhlate” for\u003Cbr>“plate” | 8 years |\n\n\n| ASSIMILATION | Definition | Example | Age of Elimination |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Denasalization | A nasal consonant /m/ or /n/ changes to a non-nasal consonant | “boze” for\u003Cbr>“nose” | 2.5 years |\n| Assimilation | When a consonant sound starts to sound like another sound in the target word (labial, velar, nasal, or alveolar) | “nan” for\u003Cbr>“nap” | 3 years |\n| Coalescence | Two phonemes are substituted with a different phoneme that has similar features | “fop” for\u003Cbr>“stop” | — |\n| Final Consonant Devoicing | A voiced consonant, such as /b/ or /d/ at the end of a word is substituted with a voiceless consonant, such as /p/ or /t/ | “roat” for\u003Cbr>“road” | 3 years |\n| Prevocalic Voicing | A voiceless consonant at the beginning of a word, such as /k/ or /f/ is replaced with a voiced consonant like /g/ or /v/ | “gat” for\u003Cbr>“cat” | 6 years |\n\n\n| ATYPICAL PROCESSES | Definition | Example | Age of Elimination |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Apicalization | When a labial /m, p, b/ is replaced by a tongue-tip consonant, such as","cbCaiaRHyTBNMewP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaRHyTBNMewP","pdf",158866,"English","# Phonological Processes\n## Definition and educational impact\n## Substitution processes\n## Syllable structure processes\n## Assimilation processes\n## Atypical processes\n## Atypical vowel errors","[{\"question\":\"What is the difference between typical phonological processes and phonological disorders?\",\"answer\":\"Typical phonological processes are sound-error patterns used to simplify speech while children learn to speak. Phonological disorders occur when a process continues past the typical age of elimination or when a child uses an atypical phonological process.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document suggest determining the educational impact of phonological processes?\",\"answer\":\"It instructs readers to reference the Considerations for Speech (Articulation or Phonological) Impairment Rubric to determine educational impact.\"},{\"question\":\"What information do the tables provide for each phonological process?\",\"answer\":\"Each entry includes a definition, an example of the error, and an age of elimination (or notes that it is seen in more severe delays).\"}]","Phonological Processes - Phonological process sound error patterns and age of elimination chart | PDF",1791844107]