[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-281391-105":53,"doc-detail-281391-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","operators-guide-for-small-treated-and-untreated-public-water-systems-in-alaska","Operator’s Guide - For Small Treated and Untreated Public Water Systems in Alaska","","Operator training guidance for small treated and untreated public water systems in Alaska, issued by the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Water under an operator training and certification program (January 2024). The guide builds operator competence from fundamentals of water treatment, source water quality and characteristics, and source water protection/development, through practical treatment topics such as addressing water quality problems and removing turbidity, particulates, and microorganisms.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/operators-guide-for-small-treated-and-untreated-public-water-systems-in-alaska/281391/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/operators-guide-for-small-treated-and-untreated-public-water-systems-in-alaska/281391.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Seraphina","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-21","2026-09-16",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":73},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What types of water systems does the guide cover?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"The guide is written for small treated and untreated public water systems in Alaska, aimed at training and certification of operators.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does the guide structure water system knowledge before treatment?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"It first covers water treatment fundamentals, then source water quality and characteristics, followed by source water protection and development topics.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What treatment areas are included after the fundamentals?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"It focuses on water quality problems and solutions, including removal of turbidity and particulate matter and the removal of microorganisms.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},281391,1789983746,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":9,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},962075114101,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/e000253a75eb197efd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780044092746381165","Operator’s Guide  \nFor Small Treated and Untreated Public Water Systems in Alaska  \nAlaska Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Water  \nOperator Training & Certification Program  \nJanuary 2024  \nThis page left blank.  \nTable of Contents  \nAcknowledgments ____________________________________________________________________________________ vii  \nIntroduction __________________________________________________________________________________________ viii  \nChapter 1 – Introduction to Water Treatment ___________________________________________________ 1  \n1.1 Background _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1  \n1.2 Source Water________________________________________________________________________________________ 3  \n1.3 The Hydrologic Cycle ______________________________________________________________________________ 4  \n1.4 Aquifers ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 6  \n1.5 Water – The Universal Solvent ___________________________________________________________________ 7  \nChapter 2 – Source Water Quality and Characteristics _______________________________________ 10  \n2.1 Introduction________________________________________________________________________________________10  \n2.2 Source Water Characteristics____________________________________________________________________10  \n2.3 Physical Characteristics __________________________________________________________________________11  \n2.4 Chemical Characteristics _________________________________________________________________________12  \n2.4a Groundwater Characteristics _____________________________________________________________________________13  \n2.4b Surface Water Characteristics ____________________________________________________________________________14  \n2.5 Common Water Quality Indicators ________________________________________________________________________14  \n2.5a pH ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________14  \n2.5b Total Dissolved Solids: Conductivity _____________________________________________________________________15  \n2.5c Hardness____________________________________________________________________________________________________16  \n2.5d Alkalinity ___________________________________________________________________________________________________17  \n2.5e Iron and Manganese _______________________________________________________________________________________17  \n2.5f Dissolved Gases ____________________________________________________________________________________________18  \n2.5g Radium _____________________________________________________________________________________________________19  \n2.5h Corrosivity _________________________________________________________________________________________________20  \n2.6 Biological Characteristics ________________________________________________________________________21  \n2.7 Other Organisms Found in Water Sources ____________________________________________________22  \nChapter 3 – Source Water Protection and Development ______________________________________ 24  \n3.1 Introduction________________________________________________________________________________________24  \n3.2 Source Water Assessment and Protection_____________________________________________________24  \n3.3 Wellhead Protection Program___________________________________________________________________26  \n3.4 Well Decommissioning (Abandonment) _______________________________________________________28  \n3.5 Water Rights _______________________________________________________________________________________28  \n3.6 Source Water Development______________________________________________________________________29  \n3.7 Surface Water Development_____________________________________________________________________29  \n3.8 Groundwater Development__________","cbCaimRUHcOacwmR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimRUHcOacwmR","pdf",6931592,232,"English","# Introduction\n## Background\n## Source Water\n## The Hydrologic Cycle\n## Aquifers\n## Water – The Universal Solvent\n# Source Water Quality and Characteristics\n## Introduction\n## Source Water Characteristics\n## Physical Characteristics\n## Chemical Characteristics\n## Common Water Quality Indicators\n## Biological Characteristics\n## Other Organisms Found in Water Sources\n# Source Water Protection and Development\n## Introduction\n## Source Water Assessment and Protection\n## Wellhead Protection Program\n## Well Decommissioning (Abandonment)\n## Water Rights\n## Source Water Development\n## Surface Water Development\n## Groundwater Development\n## Well Types\n## Problems Due to Natural Minerals and Other Chemicals\n## Well Components\n## Well Pumps\n## Well System Components\n## Groundwater Withdrawal\n## Well Log\n## Well Production\n# Water Treatment\n## Introduction\n## Water Quality Problems and Solutions\n## Removal of Turbidity and Particulate Matter\n## Filters\n## Cartridge and Bag Filters\n## Sand Filters\n## Sand Traps\n## Screens\n## Removal of Microorganisms","[{\"question\":\"What types of water systems does the guide cover?\",\"answer\":\"The guide is written for small treated and untreated public water systems in Alaska, aimed at training and certification of operators.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the guide structure water system knowledge before treatment?\",\"answer\":\"It first covers water treatment fundamentals, then source water quality and characteristics, followed by source water protection and development topics.\"},{\"question\":\"What treatment areas are included after the fundamentals?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on water quality problems and solutions, including removal of turbidity and particulate matter and the removal of microorganisms.\"}]","Operator’s Guide - For Small Treated and Untreated Public Water Systems in Alaska | PDF",1789565942,81]