[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-563824-105":53,"doc-detail-563824-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","noncystic-fibrosis-bronchiectasis-in-adults-clinical-review-education","Non–Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Adults - Clinical Review & Education","","Non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disorder characterized by permanent bronchial dilation and inflammation, typically presenting with daily cough, sputum production, and recurrent exacerbations. The review summarizes epidemiology, diagnostic confirmation by noncontrast chest CT, and initial evaluation using blood tests, immunoglobulin quantification, sputum cultures, and spirometry. Management emphasizes airway clearance, saline nebulization, treating comorbid conditions, and antibiotics for acute exacerbations, with consideration of long-term inhaled antibiotics or oral macrolides.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/noncystic-fibrosis-bronchiectasis-in-adults-clinical-review-education/563824/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/noncystic-fibrosis-bronchiectasis-in-adults-clinical-review-education/563824.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Bulrr","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-10-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":73},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What characterizes non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and what symptoms are typical?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"It is caused by permanent bronchial dilatation and inflammation and is characterized by daily cough, sputum, and recurrent exacerbations.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How is the diagnosis of non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis confirmed?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"Diagnosis is confirmed with noncontrast chest computed tomography showing dilated airways, often with airway thickening and mucus plugging.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What treatments are recommended for acute exacerbations and for frequent exacerbations?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Exacerbations should be treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics; individuals with 3 or more exacerbations annually may benefit from long-term inhaled antibiotics or daily oral macrolides.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},563824,1793049954,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":73,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":15,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":79},5909892115043,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Clinical Review & Education  \nJAMA | Review  \nNon–Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasisin Adults AReview  \nAlan F. Barker, MD; Elham Karamooz, MD  \nIMPORTANCE Non–cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition caused by permanent bronchial dilatation and inflammation and is characterized by daily cough, sputum, and recurrent exacerbations. Approximately 500 000 people in the US  \nhave non-CF bronchiectasis.  \nOBSERVATIONS Non-CF bronchiectasis may be associated with prior pneumonia, infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria or tuberculosis, genetic conditions (eg, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, primary ciliary dyskinesia), autoimmune diseases (eg, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and immunodeficiency syndromes (eg, common variable immunodeficiency) . Up to 38% of cases are idiopathic. According to US data, conditions associated with non-CF bronchiectasis include gastroesophageal reflux disease (47%), asthma (29%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20%). The prevalence of non-CF bronchiectasis increases substantially with age (7 per 100 000 in individuals 18-34 years vs 812 per 100 000 in those 􀀂75 years) and is more common in women than men (180 vs 95 per 100 000) . Diagnosis is confirmed with noncontrast chest computed tomography showing dilated airways and often airway thickening and mucus plugging. Initial diagnostic evaluation involves blood testing (complete blood cell count with differential); immunoglobulin quantification testing (IgG, IgA, IgE, and IgM); sputum cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, and fungi; and prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator spirometry. Treatment includes airway clearance techniques; nebulization of saline to loosen tenacious secretions; and regular exercise, participation in pulmonary rehabilitation, or both. Inhaled bronchodilators (β-agonists and antimuscarinic agents) and inhaled corticosteroids are indicated for patients with bronchiectasis who have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exacerbations of bronchiectasis, which typically present with increased cough and sputum and worsened fatigue, are associated with progressive decline in lung function and decreased quality of life. Exacerbations should be treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics. Individuals with 3 or more exacerbations of bronchiectasis annually may benefit from long-term inhaled antibiotics (eg, colistin, gentamicin) or daily oral macrolides (eg, azithromycin) . Lung transplant may be considered for patients with severely impaired pulmonary function, frequent exacerbations, or both. Among patients with non-CF bronchiectasis, mortality is higher for those with frequent and severe exacerbations, infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and comorbidities, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  \n Multimedia  \n [CME](CMEat jamacmelookup.com)[at](CMEat jamacmelookup.com)[ jamacmelookup.com](CMEat jamacmelookup.com)  \nCONCLUSIONSAND RELEVANCE Non-CF bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition that typically causes chronic cough and daily sputum production. Exacerbations are associated with progressive decline in lung function and decreased quality of life. Management involves treatment of conditions associated with bronchiectasis, airway clearance techniques, oral or intravenous antibiotics for acute exacerbations, and consideration of long-term inhaled antibiotics or oral macrolides for patients with 3 or more exacerbations annually.  \nAuthor Affiliations: Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland (Barker, Karamooz); Pulmonary and Critical Care, Portland VA Health Care  \nSystem, Portland, Oregon  \n(Karamooz) .  \nJAMA. 2025;334(3):253-264 . doi:10.1001/jama.2025.2680 Published online April 28, 2025 .  \nCorresponding Author: Alan F.  \nBarker, MD, Pulmonary, Allergy,  \nand Critical Care, UHN-67,  \nOregon Health & Science University,  \n3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd,  \nPortland, OR 97239 (barkera","cbCaigualOuyUgtj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigualOuyUgtj","pdf",1280868,"English","# Importance\n# Observations\n## Associated conditions\n## Diagnosis and initial evaluation\n## Treatment and exacerbation management\n# Conclusions and Relevance\n# Author Affiliations\n# Methods","[{\"question\":\"What characterizes non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and what symptoms are typical?\",\"answer\":\"It is caused by permanent bronchial dilatation and inflammation and is characterized by daily cough, sputum, and recurrent exacerbations.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the diagnosis of non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis confirmed?\",\"answer\":\"Diagnosis is confirmed with noncontrast chest computed tomography showing dilated airways, often with airway thickening and mucus plugging.\"},{\"question\":\"What treatments are recommended for acute exacerbations and for frequent exacerbations?\",\"answer\":\"Exacerbations should be treated with oral or intravenous antibiotics; individuals with 3 or more exacerbations annually may benefit from long-term inhaled antibiotics or daily oral macrolides.\"}]","Non–Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Adults - Clinical Review & Education | PDF",1791838756]