[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-197942-105":53,"doc-detail-197942-en":127},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":120,"head_meta":122,"extra_data":124,"updated_unix":126},105,"en","linking-adverbials-and-learnerreference-corpus-analysis","Linking Adverbials and Learner/Reference Corpus Analysis","","Quantitative analysis of linking adverbials focuses on their distribution across a learner corpus and a reference corpus, including overall counts, totals, and comparative rates. The material categorizes discourse functions such as additive (emphatic, appositional, similarity), adversative (concessive, contrastive, correction), causal/resultative (general and conditional), and sequential transitions (enumerative, simultaneous, summative, topic-shifting). It also ranks key adverbials like However and Therefore and contrasts learner versus control usage patterns to support discourse coherence study.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/linking-adverbials-and-learnerreference-corpus-analysis/197942/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/linking-adverbials-and-learnerreference-corpus-analysis/197942.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Dipper","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-26","2026-09-03",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"Which discourse function categories are analyzed for linking adverbials?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"The document groups linking adverbials into additive, adversative, causal/resultative (including conditional), and sequential categories, further subdividing them by specific pragmatic relations such as emphatic, contrastive, correction, and summative transitions.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"How are learner corpus and reference (control) corpus results compared?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"Results are compared using frequency-oriented statistics, including overall counts and ranked usage of specific linking adverbials, showing how learner usage differs from control/reference patterns across categories.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which linking adverbials show the highest overall frequency in the learner corpus?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"The rankings list high-frequency items such as However, Therefore, and Thus among the top entries, indicating these markers are used more frequently in the learner corpus than others.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},197942,1788472417,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":40,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":126,"read_time":101},1374404997633,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","| Number of dissertations | 119 | 102 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Number of words | 295.054 | 292.808 |\n\n\n| Category | Subcategory | Examples |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Additive | Emphatic | Besides |\n|  | Appositional/reformulation | For example |\n|  | Similarity comparative | Likewise |\n| Adversative | Proper adversative/concessive | However |\n|  | Contrastive | In fact |\n|  | Correction | Instead |\n|  | Dismissal | In any case |\n| Causal/ Resultative | General causal | As a result |\n|  | Conditional causal | In that case |\n| Sequential | Enumerative/listing | First/firstly |\n|  | Simultaneous | Meanwhile |\n|  | Summative | To summarize |\n|  | Transitional to another topic | By the way |\n\n\n| Linking adverbials | Learner corpus | Reference corpus |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Additive | 4.55 | 2.76 |\n| Adversative | 2.93 | 2.75 |\n| Causal | 3.41 | 2.04 |\n| Sequential | 1.56 | 1.04 |\n| Total | 12.45 | 8.59 |\n\n\n| Learner Corpus |  |  | Control Corpus |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Rank | LA | Frequency | Rank | LA | Frequency |\n| 1 | However | 473 | 1 | However | 352 |\n| 2 | Therefore | 315 | 2 | Therefore | 149 |\n| 3 | Thus | 234 | 3 | Though | 139 |\n| 4 | In addition (to) | 232 | 4 | For example | 116 |\n| 5 | Moreover | 210 | 5 | Also | 110 |\n| 6 | Also | 193 | 6 | Thus | 108 |\n\n\n| 7 | So | 140 | 7 | Then (often used with “if”) | 100 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 8 | On the other hand | 85 | 8 | Yet | 93 |\n| 9 | Because of it/this/that | 83 | 9 | As well | 85 |\n| 10 | Though | 82 | 10 | So | 84 |\n\n\n| Type | LAs | O1 | %1 | O2 | %2 | LL |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Additive (Emphatic) | Also | 193 | 0.07 | 110 | 0.04 + | 22.40 |\n|  | Besides | 66 | 0.02 | 11 | 0.00 + | 43.17 |\n|  | In addition (to) | 232 | 0.08 | 82 | 0.03 + | 73.52 |\n|  | Moreover | 210 | 0.07 | 32 | 0.01 + | 145.07 |\n| Additive (Apposition) | For example | 28 | 0.01 | 116 | 0.04 - | 58.43 |\n| Additive (Similarity comparative) | Likewise | 50 | 0.02 | 9 | 0.00 + | 31.08 |\n|  | Similarly | 63 | 0.02 | 27 | 0.01 + | 14.54 |\n| Adversative\u003Cbr>(Concessive) | However | 473 | 0.16 | 352 | 0.12 + | 16.90 |\n|  | Nevertheless | 35 | 0.01 | 10 | 0.00 + | 14.52 |\n|  | Though | 82 | 0.03 | 139 | 0.05 - | 15.31 |\n|  | Conversely | 2 | 0.00 | 16 | 0.01 - | 12.50 |\n|  | On the other hand | 85 | 0.03 | 34 | 0.01 + | 22.19 |\n| Adversative\u003Cbr>(Correction) | On the contrary | 11 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 + | 15.17 |\n| Resultative (General causal) | Accordingly | 20 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 + | 20.93 |\n|  | As a result (of) | 80 | 0.03 | 30 | 0.01 + | 23.20 |\n\n\n|  | Hence | 74 | 0.03 | 14 | 0.00 + | 44.42 |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | So | 140 | 0.05 | 84 | 0.03 + | 13.72 |\n|  | Therefore | 315 | 0.11 | 149 | 0.05 + | 59.46 |\n|  | Thus | 234 | 0.08 | 108 | 0.04 + | 46.57 |\n| Resultative\u003Cbr>(Conditional causal) | Then (often used with “if”) | 34 | 0.01 | 100 | 0.03 - | 34.48 |\n| Sequential (Summative) | To conclude | 14 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.00 + | 13.35 |\n|  | To sum up | 27 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.00 + | 29.99 |","cbCaihwh7Lou0pEo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihwh7Lou0pEo","pdf",456036,"English","# Corpus-Based Analysis of Linking Adverbials\n## Discourse Function Categories\n## Linking Adverbials: Learner vs Reference Corpus\n## Ranked Adverbials by Frequency\n## Frequency Patterns by Type","[{\"question\":\"Which discourse function categories are analyzed for linking adverbials?\",\"answer\":\"The document groups linking adverbials into additive, adversative, causal/resultative (including conditional), and sequential categories, further subdividing them by specific pragmatic relations such as emphatic, contrastive, correction, and summative transitions.\"},{\"question\":\"How are learner corpus and reference (control) corpus results compared?\",\"answer\":\"Results are compared using frequency-oriented statistics, including overall counts and ranked usage of specific linking adverbials, showing how learner usage differs from control/reference patterns across categories.\"},{\"question\":\"Which linking adverbials show the highest overall frequency in the learner corpus?\",\"answer\":\"The rankings list high-frequency items such as However, Therefore, and Thus among the top entries, indicating these markers are used more frequently in the learner corpus than others.\"}]","Linking Adverbials and Learner/Reference Corpus Analysis | PDF"]