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Includes an editorial on “Online Education: Innovative & Personal,” examining growth in online higher education and the need for technology upgrades, curriculum improvements, and strong academic quality. The issue also presents research articles and reviews addressing discussion forum assessment, e-education quality assurance practices in China, innovation case studies, course web design for higher education, creativity in online student work, and a systems view of distance education.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/international-journal-of-instructional-technology-and-distance-learning-vol-1-no-12-december-2004-issue/250932/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/international-journal-of-instructional-technology-and-distance-learning-vol-1-no-12-december-2004-issue/250932.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Mali","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-12",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is the main focus of the December 2004 issue?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"The issue centers on online education and distance learning, emphasizing instructional technology, academic quality, and research-driven innovation in teaching and learning.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which article discusses discussion forums and quality?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"“Assessing Discussion Forum Participation: In Search of Quality” addresses how participation can be assessed with attention to quality.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What themes does the editorial highlight?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"The editorial argues that online education is entering a new development phase that requires continual upgrades to technology and curriculum, stronger academic quality, and thoughtful investment in teacher training and professional development.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},250932,1791719360,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},2336475104362,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c46a41b752dd?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786595829695023868","INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL  \nOF  \nINSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY  \nAND  \nDISTANCE LEARNING  \nDecember 2004  \nVolume 1 Number 12  \nPublisher  \nLawrence Tomei Ed. D.  \nDuquesne University  \nEditorial Board  \nDonald G. Perrin Ph. D.  \nExecutive Editor  \nStephen Downes  \nEditor at Large  \nBrent Muirhead Ph. D.  \nSenior Editor, Online Learning  \nElizabeth Perrin Ph. D.  \nEditor, Synchronous Learning Systems  \nISSN 1550-6908  \nPUBLISHER'S DECLARATION  \nThis Journal was established to facilitate collaboration and communication among researchers, innovators, practitioners, and administrators of education and training programs involving technology and distance learning.  \nAn academic institution, Duquesne University, was chosen for its commitment to academic excellence and exemplary programs in instructional technology and distance learning. Duquesne University is supporting the Journal through its graduate program in Instructional Technology and its Center for Technology Education Innovation and Research (TEIRCenter) . In addition to its educational programs, Duquesne University has major training contracts for industry and government.  \nThe Journal is refereed, global, and focused on research and innovation in teaching and learning. Duquesne University and its partner, DonEl Learning Inc., are committed to publish significant writings of high academic stature.  \nExecutive Director, Center TEIR  \nAdditional information for authors, sponsors, and readers is on the Journal webpage at  \n[http://itdl.org](http://itdl.org)  \nDecember 2004 ii Vol.1 No. 12.  \nVol. 1. No. 12. ISSN 1550-6908  \nTable of Contents – December 2004  \nEditorial: Online Education-Innovative and Personal  \nBrent Muirheaad  \nAssessing Discussion Forum Participation: In Search of Quality  \nStephen Corich, Kinshuk, and Lynn.M.Hunt  \nPage  \n1  \n3  \nOPEN Public Commonwealth Support System of Distance Education (PCSSODE): A Practice of Supplement Quality Assurance System  \nof E-Education in China  \n13  \nHou, Tao  \nParadigm Shift: A Case Study of Innovation in  \nan Educational Setting  \nDonna L. Russell  \nDesigning course web sites for supporting lecture-based courses in higher education – some pedagogical aspects  \nMoti Frank, Abigail Barzilai  \nEncouraging Creativity in Student Online Work  \nBrent Muirhead  \nDistance Education: A Systems View A Book Review by Muhammad K. Betz  \n19  \n37  \n51  \n57  \nDecember 2004 iii Vol.1 No. 12.  \nInternational Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning  \nDecember 2004 iv Vol.1 No. 12.  \nEditorial  \nOnline Education: Innovative & Personal  \nBrent Muirhead  \nGuest Editor, December 2004  \nDistance education has demonstrated remarkable growth in student enrollment in the for-profit higher education institutions. Currently, the University of Phoenix has grown to become the largest private university in the United States with over 227,000 students who take classes online and at one of their 158 campuses. There has been a steady increase in the number of online degree programs and online classes that are being offered at traditional universities. Technology advances have increased student access to library content through e-journals, e-books and databases. Online education is entering a new phase of development that places a greater emphasis on academic quality in degree programs. Contemporary online schools must continually upgrade their technology and curriculum to effectively prepare students for current and future jobs and educational opportunities. Nichols (2001) highlights six imperatives for educators in the 21st Century:  \n• Increased capacity and efficiency-through enabling institutions to cater for the learning of a relatively large number of students at once.  \n• Improved effectiveness-by encouraging deep learning approaches and the adaptation of knowledge to the real world.  \n• Easy accessibility-by removing distance barriers and catering for a variety of learners'prior educational experience, physical abilities, and time commitm","cbCaimYCBDX1m1gI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimYCBDX1m1gI","pdf",678202,64,"English","# Table of Contents – December 2004\n## Editorial\n### Online Education: Innovative & Personal\n## Research Articles\n### Assessing Discussion Forum Participation: In Search of Quality\n### Open Public Commonwealth Support System of Distance Education (PCSSODE): A Practice of Supplement Quality Assurance System of E-Education in China\n### Paradigm Shift: A Case Study of Innovation in an Educational Setting\n### Designing course web sites for supporting lecture-based courses in higher education – some pedagogical aspects\n### Encouraging Creativity in Student Online Work\n### Distance Education: A Systems View\n## Book Review\n### Distance Education: A Systems View","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the December 2004 issue?\",\"answer\":\"The issue centers on online education and distance learning, emphasizing instructional technology, academic quality, and research-driven innovation in teaching and learning.\"},{\"question\":\"Which article discusses discussion forums and quality?\",\"answer\":\"“Assessing Discussion Forum Participation: In Search of Quality” addresses how participation can be assessed with attention to quality.\"},{\"question\":\"What themes does the editorial highlight?\",\"answer\":\"The editorial argues that online education is entering a new development phase that requires continual upgrades to technology and curriculum, stronger academic quality, and thoughtful investment in teacher training and professional development.\"}]","International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning - Vol. 1 No. 12 - December 2004 Issue | PDF",1789256694,22]