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It analyzes early masters at the University of Paris, receptions of key thinkers such as Averroes, and medieval treatments of motive powers, passions, sin, evil, angels, and free 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Theological Significance\nIntroduction\nChapter 1: The Philosophy of the Soul c. 1150-1215\nTwelfth-Century Developments\nThe Translation Movement\nThe Latin Reception\nTheological Context\nChapter 2: Theological Background: Early Masters at the University of Paris\nWilliam of Auxerre\nPhilip the Chancellor\nAlexander of Hales\nRoland of Cremona\nHugh of St Cher\nGuerric of St Quentin\nWilliam of Auvergne\nJohn of La Rochelle\nConclusion\nChapter 3: The Soul and the Body\nThe Substance of the Soul\nThe Composition of the Soul\nThe Soul-Body Union\nThe Medium between the Soul and the Body\nConclusion\nChapter 4: The Powers of the Soul\nThe Unity of the Soul\nThe Identity of the Soul with its Powers in John of La Rochelle\nThe Identity of the Soul and its Powers in the Summa Halensis\nChapter 5: Cognitive Powers: John of La Rochelle’s Tractatus\nThe Tractatus and the Summa de anima\nThe Contribution of the Tractatus\nThe Division of Powers in the Philosophers\nThe Division of Powers in John of Damascus\nThe Division of Powers in Augustine\nComparing the Tractatus and the Summa de anima\nChapter 6: Cognitive Powers in John of La Rochelle’s Summa de anima\nInternal Senses\nThe Process of Abstraction\nThe Intellect\nThe Primary Intelligibles and Divine Illumination\nWilliam of Auvergne\nConclusion\nChapter 7: The Reception of Averroes in Early Scholasticism\nAristotle\nAlexander of Aphrodisias\nAverroes\nThe Latin Reception of Averroes\nThe Historiography of Averroes’ Reception\n‘First Averroism’ Reconsidered: Gauthier, Callus, and Philip the Chancellor\nJohn of La Rochelle on the Intellectual Powers\nChapter 8:  Cognitive Powers: The Summa Halensis\nThe Senses\nIntellectual Cognition\nThe Division of Powers in Aristotle\nRevisiting Franciscan Augustinianism\nChapter 9: The Motive Powers\nTypology of the Passions\nPassions and Sin\nNatural and Rational Will\nThe Summa Halensis\nChapter 10: Free Will\nAugustine\nAnselm\nJohn of Damascus\nTwelfth-Century Developments\nJohn of La Rochelle\nAlexander of Hales\nThe Summa Halensis\nFree Will: Will or Reason?\nA Metaphysics of Evil\nChapter 11: Angels\nRelation to the Body\nMetaphysical Status\nCognition\nFree Will\nChapter 12: Conclusion\n\u000f\nList of Abbreviations\nAnonymous Callus\t\tDe potentiis animae et obiectis\nAnonymous Gauthier\t\tDe anima et de potenciis eius\nDAR\t\tDe anima rationali, in the Summa Halensis\nDFO\t\tDe fide orthodoxa, by John of Damascus\nDSEA\t\tDe spiritu et anima, Anonymous 12th-Century Cistercian text\nSDA\t\tSumma de anima, by John of La Rochelle\nSH\t\tSumma Halensis\nTractatus\tTractatus de divisione multiplici potentiarum animae, by John of La Rochelle\n\u000f\nAcknowledgements\nAn earlier version of this book was submitted as a Habilitation in Church History to the Protestant Theology at the Humboldt University of Berlin. I am therefore extremely grateful first and foremost to the examiners of the Habilitation – Christoph Markschies, Dominik Perler, and Judith Becker - who not only supported me greatly during the time I worked on the manuscript but also provided invaluable feedback in their reports. I am also grateful to the European Research Council which awarded me a grant between 2017-21 which allowed me to complete this project and others related to the study of the early Franciscan intellectual tradition. I had the chance to finalize the book manuscript while a Fellow at the Fondation Maison des Sciences de l’Homme in Paris and would like to acknowledge and express my appreciation for the support I received there as well.\nThe indebtedness of my research to the work of Magdalena Bieniak and Dag Hasse will become clear to all readers of this book, and thus I want to thank them here not only for their pivotal research on medieval psychology but also for their kindness and generous feedback on aspects of this project. A number of o","cbCaiq4fqoDQkhmM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq4fqoDQkhmM","docx",965036,242,"English","# Introduction\n## Chapter 1: The Philosophy of the Soul c. 1150-1215\n## Chapter 2: Theological Background: Early Masters at the University of Paris\n## Chapter 3: The Soul and the Body\n## Chapter 4: The Powers of the Soul\n## Chapter 5: Cognitive Powers: John of La Rochelle’s Tractatus\n## Chapter 6: Cognitive Powers in John of La Rochelle’s Summa de anima\n## Chapter 7: The Reception of Averroes in Early Scholasticism\n## Chapter 8: Cognitive Powers: The Summa Halensis\n## Chapter 9: The Motive Powers\n## Chapter 10: Free Will\n## Chapter 11: Angels\n## Chapter 12: Conclusion\n## List of Abbreviations\n## Acknowledgements\n## Key to Summa Halensis Citations","[{\"question\":\"What main topics does the book cover regarding human nature in early Franciscan thought?\",\"answer\":\"It addresses the philosophy and theology of the soul, the soul-body relationship, the soul’s powers, cognitive and motive faculties, passions and sin, free will, angels, and related scholastic debates.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book treat the university context and early masters at the University of Paris?\",\"answer\":\"It surveys key figures and their theological-philosophical background, outlining contributions that shaped early scholastic approaches to the soul and related mental powers.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does the reception of Averroes play in the argument?\",\"answer\":\"It traces how Averroes and related Aristotelian ideas were received in early scholasticism, including discussion of historiography and specific doctrinal developments.\"}]","Human Nature in Early Franciscan Thought - Philosophical Background and Theological Significance | DOCX",85]