[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-238193-105":53,"doc-detail-238193-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","hope-springs-maternal-maternalist-peace-activism-during-and-after-the-vietnam-war-thesis","HOPE SPRINGS MATERNAL - Maternalist Peace Activism During and After the Vietnam War - Thesis","","This thesis explores maternalist peace activism during and after the Vietnam War, connecting three key maternalist peace organizations—Another Mother for Peace, Women Strike for Peace, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom—to examine their intersections and effects on wider peace movements. It argues these groups used respectability politics by projecting a respectable, maternal, middle-class image. Decisionmakers in the US government were concerned by how mothers’ advocacy foregrounded loss, grief, and precarity in American families. The study adds a Midwest perspective and extends research into the late seventies.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/hope-springs-maternal-maternalist-peace-activism-during-and-after-the-vietnam-war-thesis/238193/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/hope-springs-maternal-maternalist-peace-activism-during-and-after-the-vietnam-war-thesis/238193.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Riley","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-26","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":76},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What maternalist peace organizations does the thesis analyze?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"The thesis connects Another Mother for Peace (AMP), Women Strike for Peace, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, examining how they intersected and shaped broader peace activism.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does the thesis explain the strategy of these maternalist groups?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"It argues that the organizations used respectability politics by projecting a respectable, maternal, middle-class image to support their anti-war peace work.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How far does the research extend beyond earlier scholarship?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Rather than stopping in the early 1970s, the study extends the analysis into the late seventies, including the amnesty movement, showing maternalist activism continuing until 1977.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},238193,1790118989,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":76,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":135,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","HOPE SPRINGS MATERNAL: MATERNALIST PEACE ACTIVISM DURING AND AFTER  \nTHE VIETNAM WAR  \nChloe Siena Kozal  \nA Thesis  \nSubmitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green  \nState University in partial fulfillment of  \nthe requirements for the degree of  \nMASTER OF ARTS  \nMay 2025  \nCommittee:  \nRebecca Mancuso, Committee Chair  \nBenjamin Greene  \n© 2025  \nChloe Kozal  \nAll Rights Reserved  \nABSTRACT  \nRebecca Mancuso, Committee Chair  \nThis thesis explores maternalist peace activism during and after the Vietnam War. This thesis connects three maternalist peace groups, Another Mother for Peace, Women Strike for Peace, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom and discusses their intersections, as well as their influence on the broader peace movements. This thesis argues that these peace organizations used the politics of respectability effectively by projecting a respectable, maternal, and middle-class image to their peace work. As such, leading decisionmakers in the US government were concerned by and considered the role of these mothers that used respectability politics to emphasize the loss, grief, and precarity that American families experienced across the country. In addition, this study distinctly contributes a local perspective on maternalist groups in the Midwest, arguing that women and men were still able to participate in peace work and participate in mass mail campaigns, aid draft resisters, and conduct other peace activities that contributed to the broader peace movements. Complicating existing scholarship of Vietnam War-era peace activism, which usually conclude in the early seventies, this thesis extends its research into the late seventies, including the amnesty movement, demonstrating that maternalist activism continued to fight for unconditional amnesty from the late sixties until 1977. This study concludes that maternalist peace organizations were effective in their anti-war messaging, and that their rhetoric inspired parents who later advocated against the Wars on Terror in the 2000s-2020s. It concludes that women’s peace movements and maternalism should be further studied for their roles in shaping the efforts of the broader peace movements and women’s activism during the sixties and seventies  \nACKNOWLEDGMENTS  \nThis thesis is dedicated to my Mom and Dad, Susie and Andy. There aren’t enough words in the world to describe my gratitude and love! Thank you for raising me to be a feminist and always encouraging me to follow my heart. Much love and thanks to my sister Meghan and my nephew Benedict, who inspired me to study maternalism and peace for my thesis.  \nThis thesis would be nonexistent without the kindness, support, patience, and mentorship of Dr. Benjamin Greene and Dr. Rebecca Mancuso. There’s a small memorial plaque on campus with a line from an email my Dad wrote about student success and future careers. It says,“Find what you love, and do it with kindness.” You both embody this phrase and have encouraged me to follow this perspective as well. Dr. Greene, thank you so much for your guidance throughout my graduate school journey as you began your own journey as an Emeritus professor. I am very humbled by your support and generosity throughout these past years. Dr. Mancuso, thank you foryour constant enthusiasm, encouragement, girl-power energy, and for always reminding me to remember these women and their own contexts. Thank you, thank you, thank you!  \nSpecial thanks to Katherine Blandford, who suggested the conceptual framework of the politics of respectability for this thesis, and for her constant support and friendship.  \nThis thesis’ research significantly benefited from the kindness and expertise of archivists. I’d like to thank all the staff of the Swarthmore College Peace Archives, particularly Sahr Conway-Lanz. Thank you to Linnea Anderson from The University of Minnesota’s Andersen Library for her help with my research trip to Minneapolis and subsequent assistance, and Michell","cbCaicfqhsTwZd6L","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicfqhsTwZd6L","pdf",863714,127,"English","# Introduction\n# CHAPTER I. UNAPOLAGETICALLY MATERNAL: Examining the Interconnectedness of Maternalist Peace Activism, 1963-1973\n# CHAPTER II. HAUSFRAUEN IN THE HEARTLAND: Midwestern Peace Activism\n# CHAPTER III. WHAT FOR?: Women, Parents, and Peace Activism During and After the Vietnam War\n# Conclusion\n# Bibliography","[{\"question\":\"What maternalist peace organizations does the thesis analyze?\",\"answer\":\"The thesis connects Another Mother for Peace (AMP), Women Strike for Peace, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, examining how they intersected and shaped broader peace activism.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the thesis explain the strategy of these maternalist groups?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that the organizations used respectability politics by projecting a respectable, maternal, middle-class image to support their anti-war peace work.\"},{\"question\":\"How far does the research extend beyond earlier scholarship?\",\"answer\":\"Rather than stopping in the early 1970s, the study extends the analysis into the late seventies, including the amnesty movement, showing maternalist activism continuing until 1977.\"}]","HOPE SPRINGS MATERNAL - Maternalist Peace Activism During and After the Vietnam War - Thesis | PDF",1789131963,44]