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Interest stems from inconsistent findings across earlier studies and outdated systematic reviews. Searches across major medical databases up to January 2020 included observational epidemiological studies in children and adults reporting associations between helminth infections and asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and atopy, using random-effects meta-analysis. Eighty studies with 99,967 participants were included; no overall association emerged.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/helminth-infections-and-allergic-diseases-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-the-global-literature/198964/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/helminth-infections-and-allergic-diseases-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-the-global-literature/198964.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Tawan","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","2026-10-12","2026-09-04",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":9},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What was the document’s main objective?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"To systematically review global literature on the association between helminth infections and the development and clinical outcomes of allergic diseases.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What types of studies and outcomes were included?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"Observational epidemiological studies (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) in children and adults assessing associations with asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and atopy.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What were the key findings from the meta-analyses?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Overall, no association was observed between helminth infections and allergic diseases. However, Ascaris lumbricoides was linked to increased bronchial hyperreactivity risk in children and increased atopy risk in helminth-infected adults.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},198964,1791819987,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":135,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":136,"language":137,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":138,"faqs":139,"seo_title":140,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":141,"read_time":15},2336475104042,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c32af1715be0?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786537525561427321","Helminth infections and allergic diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis of the global literature\nMargarete Arrais MD,PhD1,2.3, Tiago Maricoto MD,PhD3,4,5, Bright I. Nwaru PhD6, Philip J. Cooper PhD7,8, Jorge MR Gama PhD3,9, Miguel Brito PhD2,10, Luis Taborda-Barata MD,PhD3,11,12\n1Department of Pulmonology, Military Hospital, Luanda, Angola\n2CISA – Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola, Caxito, Bengo, Angola\n3GRUBI – Systematic Reviews Group, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal\n4Aveiro Healthcare Centre, Aveiro-Aradas Family Health Unit, Aveiro, Portugal\n5Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, CACB-Clinical Academic Centre of Beiras, Covilhã, Portugal\n6Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of\nGothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden\n7Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, UK\n8School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador\n9Centre of Mathematics and Applications, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal\n10Health and Technology Research Center (H&TRC), Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Portugal\n11CICS- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal\n12Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Cova da Beira University Hospital Centre, Covilhã, Portugal\nWord Count: 3786\nCorresponding Author:\nProfessor Tiago Maricoto, MD, PhD,\nFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior\nAvenida Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal\nE-mail: \u0013 HYPERLINK \"mailto:tiago.maricoto@gmail.com\" \u0014tiago.maricoto@gmail.com\u0015\nContact: +351 234384525\nConflict of Interest Statement\nThe authors declare no conflict of interests.\nFunding Statement\nThis work was developed without any funding source.\n\u000f\nABSTRACT\nIntroduction:\nThere is considerable research interest in the role of helminth infections in the development of allergic diseases. However, findings from previous studies are mixed. Existing systematic reviews of these studies are outdated. We performed a systematic review of the global literature on the association between helminth infections and development and clinical outcomes of allergic diseases.\nMethods:\nWe searched Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Global Index Medicus, Scielo, KoreaMed, Google Scholar, and Lilacs for studies published up to January 2020. We included observational epidemiological studies (cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies) of children and adults reporting associations between helminth infections and asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and atopy. We performed random-effects meta-analysis to summarize the effect estimates.\nResults:\nWe included 80 studies with 99,967 participants. In the meta-analyses, we did not observe an overall association between helminth infections and allergic diseases. There was, however, evidence that A. lumbricoides infections was associated with an increased risk of bronchial hyperreactivity in children (RR:1.41, 95%CI: 1.17-1.70; I2=50, p for I2=0.09), and was associated with an increased risk of atopy among helminth-infected adults (RR:1.37, 95%CI: 1.18-1.61; I2=52, p for I2=0.02). We found no study that addressed the association between helminth infection and clinical outcomes of allergic diseases. The overall strength of the underlying evidence was low to moderate.\nConclusion:\nHelminth infections may increase the risk of bronchial hyperreactivity in children and atopy in adults. Well-designed longitudinal cohorts may help clarify potential causal associations between chronic helminth infections and allergic diseases.\n\u000f\nClinical implication: This comprehensive synthesis of the global literature indicates that while helminth infections may play a role in the development of bronchial hyperreactivity in children, it may increase the risk of atopy in adults. Evidence is lacking on the impact of helminth","cbCait5aLrHE93LR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait5aLrHE93LR","docx",178935,9,33,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What was the document’s main objective?\",\"answer\":\"To systematically review global literature on the association between helminth infections and the development and clinical outcomes of allergic diseases.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of studies and outcomes were included?\",\"answer\":\"Observational epidemiological studies (cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional) in children and adults assessing associations with asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and atopy.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings from the meta-analyses?\",\"answer\":\"Overall, no association was observed between helminth infections and allergic diseases. However, Ascaris lumbricoides was linked to increased bronchial hyperreactivity risk in children and increased atopy risk in helminth-infected adults.\"}]","Helminth infections and allergic diseases - systematic review and meta-analysis of the global literature | DOCX",1788502739]