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The contents map the digital frontiers of trade and intellectual property through a structured set of chapters, covering topics such as internet intermediaries, patents and standards, domain name regulation, international internet policy coordination, and cyber security resilience. The publication outlines GCIG’s themes: legitimacy, innovation and growth, human rights online, and systemic risk avoidance.",{"@graph":63,"@context":112},[64,80,95],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":46,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/paper-templates/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/global-commission-on-internet-governance-research-volume-three-research-volume-three-published-materials/566111/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"author":82,"headline":59,"publisher":85,"fileFormat":88,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":89,"datePublished":89,"encodingFormat":88,"isAccessibleForFree":90,"interactionStatistic":91},"DigitalDocument",{"name":83,"@type":84},"Nguyễn Văn Học","Person",{"url":68,"name":86,"@type":87},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":92,"interactionType":93,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":94},"ViewAction",{"@type":96,"mainEntity":97},"FAQPage",[98,104,108],{"name":99,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":101},"What is the Global Commission on Internet Governance (GCIG) intended to do?","Question",{"text":102,"@type":103},"GCIG was established to articulate and advance a strategic vision for the future of Internet governance, based on independent, evidence-based research that culminates in concrete policy recommendations.","Answer",{"name":105,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":106},"What major themes does the Global Commission emphasize?",{"text":107,"@type":103},"The commission focuses on governance legitimacy, economic innovation and growth, ensuring human rights online (including technological neutrality for rights), and avoiding systemic risk through norms on state conduct and related areas.",{"name":109,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What kinds of topics are covered in Research Volume Three?",{"text":111,"@type":103},"The volume covers internet intermediaries, the relationship between patents and internet standards, implications of new gTLD applications for domain name regulation, digital trade imbalances, international policy coordination, and cyber security and resilience.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":114,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":86,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":116,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":118,"site_id":56},566111,1791861047,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":121},{"doc_id":118,"user_id":122,"nickname":83,"user_avatar":123,"doc_module":9,"category_id":45,"category_name":46,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":124,"file_id":125,"file_url":126,"file_type":127,"file_size":128,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":129,"language":130,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":131,"faqs":132,"seo_title":133,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":119,"read_time":134},1374402739827,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000c97e7351f1a627?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787885694763230660","Research Volume Three  \nGlobal Commission on Internet Governance  \nMapping the Digital Frontiers of Trade and Intellectual Property  \nResearch Volume Three  \nGlobal Commission on Internet Governance  \nMapping the Digital Frontiers of Trade and Intellectual Property  \nPublished by the Centre for International Governance Innovation and the Royal Institute of International Affairs  \nThe copyright in respect of each chapter is noted at the beginning of each chapter.  \nThe opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily re ect the views of the Centre for International Governance Innovation or its Board of Directors.  \nThis work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada.  \nThe views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of IDRC or its Board of Governors.  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution — Non-commercial —No Derivatives License. To view this licence, visit ([www.creativecommons.org/licenses/](www.creativecommons.org/licenses/)[ ](www.creativecommons.org/licenses/)[by-nc-nd/3.0/](by-nc-nd/3.0/))[. For re-use or distribution](. For re-use or distribution), [please](please) include this copyright notice.  \nCentre for International Governance Innovation, CIGI and the CIGI globe are registered trademarks.  \n67 Erb Street West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 6C2 Canada  \ntel +1 519 885 2444 fax +1 519 885 5450 [www.cigionline.org](www.cigionline.org)  \n10 St James’s Square London, England SW1Y 4LE United Kingdom  \ntel +44 (0)20 7957 5700 fax +44 (0)20 7957 5710 [www.chathamhouse.org](www.chathamhouse.org)  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nAbout the Global Commission on Internet Governance   iv  \nPreface   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v  \nCarl Bildt  \nIntroduction: The Complex Geopolitics of Digital Property and Trade ...................... 1  \nLaura DeNardis  \nChapter One: Internet Intermediaries as Platforms for Expression and Innovation ................. 5  \nAnupam Chander  \nChapter Two: Patents and Internet Standards ................................ 17  \nJorge L. Contreras  \nChapter Three: Standards, Patents and National Competitiveness ....................... 35  \nMichael Murphree and Dan Breznitz  \nChapter Four: Looking Back on the First Round of New gTLD Applications: Implications for the Future of Domain Name Regulation ........................................ 47  \nJacqueline D. Lipton  \nChapter Five: The Digital Trade Imbalance and Its Implications for Internet Governance ............. 55  \nSusan Ariel Aaronson  \nChapter Six: Solving the International Internet Policy Coordination Problem .................. 87  \nNick Ashton-Hart  \nChapter Seven: Governance of International Trade and the Internet: Existing and Evolving Regulatory Systems .... 103  \nHarsha Vardhana Singh, Ahmed Abdel-Latif and L. Lee Tuthill  \nChapter Eight: Cyber Security and Cyber Resilience in East Africa ...................... 117  \nIginio Gagliardone and Nanjira Sambuli  \nAbout CIGI ................................................ 126  \nAbout Chatham House .......................................... 126  \nCIGI Masthead .............................................. 126  \nABOUT THE GLOBAL COMMISSION ON INTERNET GOVERNANCE  \nThe Global Commission on Internet Governance was established in January 2014 to articulate and advance a strategic vision for the future of Internet governance. The two-year project conducted and supported independent research on Internet-related dimensions of global public policy, culminating in an of􀀞cial commission report—One Internet, published in June 2016—that articulated concrete policy recommendations for the future of Internet governance. These recommendations address concerns about the stability, interoperability, security and resilience of the Internet ecosystem.  \nLaunched by two independent global think tanks, the Centre for Internation","cbCaikWTCwT1mUjb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikWTCwT1mUjb","pdf",1484485,134,"English","# About the Global Commission on Internet Governance\n# Preface\n# Introduction: The Complex Geopolitics of Digital Property and Trade\n# Chapter One: Internet Intermediaries as Platforms for Expression and Innovation\n# Chapter Two: Patents and Internet Standards\n# Chapter Three: Standards, Patents and National Competitiveness\n# Chapter Four: Looking Back on the First Round of New gTLD Applications\n# Chapter Five: The Digital Trade Imbalance and Its Implications for Internet Governance\n# Chapter Six: Solving the International Internet Policy Coordination Problem\n# Chapter Seven: Governance of International Trade and the Internet\n# Chapter Eight: Cyber Security and Cyber Resilience in East Africa\n# About CIGI\n# About Chatham House\n# CIGI Masthead","[{\"question\":\"What is the Global Commission on Internet Governance (GCIG) intended to do?\",\"answer\":\"GCIG was established to articulate and advance a strategic vision for the future of Internet governance, based on independent, evidence-based research that culminates in concrete policy recommendations.\"},{\"question\":\"What major themes does the Global Commission emphasize?\",\"answer\":\"The commission focuses on governance legitimacy, economic innovation and growth, ensuring human rights online (including technological neutrality for rights), and avoiding systemic risk through norms on state conduct and related areas.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of topics are covered in Research Volume Three?\",\"answer\":\"The volume covers internet intermediaries, the relationship between patents and internet standards, implications of new gTLD applications for domain name regulation, digital trade imbalances, international policy coordination, and cyber security and resilience.\"}]","Global Commission on Internet Governance Research Volume Three - Research Volume Three - Published materials | PDF",47]