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Reference charts for women with underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1–3 obesity were constructed using individual participant data from 33 European, North American, and Oceania cohorts. 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BMC Medicine  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1189-1](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1189-1)  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access   \nGestational weight gain charts for different  body mass index groups for women in  \nEurope, North America, and Oceania  \nSusana Santos 1,2, Iris Eekhout3,4, Ellis Voerman 1,2, Romy Gaillard 1,2, Henrique Barros5,6, Marie-Aline Charles7,8, Leda Chatzi9,10,11, Cécile Chevrier 12, George P. Chrousos 13, Eva Corpeleijn 14, Nathalie Costet 12, Sarah Crozier 15, Myriam Doyon 16, Merete Eggesbø 17, Maria Pia Fantini 18, Sara Farchi 19, Francesco Forastiere 19, Luigi Gagliardi20, Vagelis Georgiu 10, Keith M. Godfrey 15,21, Davide Gori 18, Veit Grote22, Wojciech Hanke23, Irva Hertz-Picciotto24, Barbara Heude7,8, Marie-France Hivert 16,25,26, Daniel Hryhorczuk27, Rae-Chi Huang28, Hazel Inskip 15,21,  \nTodd A. Jusko29, Anne M. Karvonen30, Berthold Koletzko22, Leanne K. Küpers 14,31,32, Hanna Lagström33,  \nDebbie A. Lawlor31,32, Irina Lehmann34, Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa35,36, Per Magnus37, Renata Majewska38, Johanna Mäkelä39, Yannis Manios40, Sheila W. McDonald41, Monique Mommers42, Camilla S. Morgen43,44, George Moschonis45, Ľubica Murínová46, John Newnham47, Ellen A. Nohr48, Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen44, Emily Oken25, Adriëtte J. J. M. Oostvogels49, Agnieszka Pac38, Eleni Papadopoulou50, Juha Pekkanen30,51, Costanza Pizzi52, Kinga Polanska23, Daniela Porta 19, Lorenzo Richiardi52, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman25, Nel Roeleveld53, Loreto Santa-Marina36,54,55, Ana C. Santos5,6, Henriette A. Smit56, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen44,57, Marie Standl58, Maggie Stanislawski59, Camilla Stoltenberg60,61, Elisabeth Thiering58,62, Carel Thijs42, Maties Torrent63,  \nSuzanne C. Tough41,64, Tomas Trnovec65, Marleen M. H. J. van Gelder53,66, Lenie van Rossem56, Andrea von Berg67, Martine Vrijheid36,68,69, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte49, Oleksandr Zvinchuk70, Stef van Buuren3,71 and  \nVincent W. V. Jaddoe 1,2,72*  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Gestational weight gain differs according to pre-pregnancy body mass index and is related to the risks of adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Gestational weight gain charts for women in different prepregnancy body mass index groups enable identification of women and offspring at risk for adverse health outcomes. We aimed to construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and grades 1, 2 and 3 obese women and to compare these charts with those obtained in women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.  \n(Continued on next page)  \n* Correspondence: [v.jaddoe@erasmusmc.nl](v.jaddoe@erasmusmc.nl)  \n1The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands 2Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) . 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4 .0 International License ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ([http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.  \nSantos et al. BMC Medicine Page 2 of 15  \n(Continued from previous page)  \nMethods: We used individual participant data from 218,216 pregnant women participating in 33 cohorts from Europe, North America, and Oceania. Of these women, 9065 (4 .2%), 148,697 (68 . 1%), 42,678 (19 .6%), 13,084 (6 . 0%), 3597 (1 . 6%), and 1095 (0 ","cbCais7Kae6NBP3J","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCais7Kae6NBP3J","pdf",2350324,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Keywords\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main goal for gestational weight gain charts?\",\"answer\":\"To construct gestational weight gain reference charts for underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese (grades 1–3) women and compare them with charts from women with uncomplicated term pregnancies.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the reference charts derived in this research?\",\"answer\":\"They were derived using the Box-Cox t method with generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape based on individual participant data from 33 cohorts.\"},{\"question\":\"What key findings were reported about weight gain during pregnancy?\",\"answer\":\"Gestational weight gain differed strongly across pre-pregnancy body mass index groups; median gain at 40 weeks was highest in underweight and normal weight women and lowest in grade 3 obesity. Weight gain rates were lower in the first half than the second half, and patterns were consistent across cohorts and countries.\"}]","Gestational weight gain charts for different body mass index groups in women | PDF",1791843248]