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Fourteen studies were identified, with most emotion studies showing reduced cerebellar activity versus controls, while theory of mind results were 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is the primary aim of the systematic review?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To investigate the specific role of the cerebellum in emotion and theory of mind deficits in schizophrenia using previously published functional neuroimaging studies.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were studies selected for the review?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"PubMed and PsycINFO searches were used to identify functional neuroimaging studies reporting altered cerebellum activity in schizophrenia during emotion processing or theory of mind tasks, published until December 2014.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What patterns were found for cerebellum activity in emotion versus theory of mind studies?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Most emotion studies reported lower cerebellum activity in schizophrenia patients compared with healthy controls, whereas theory of mind studies showed mixed 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Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.\n2 Neuropsychiatric Genetics Group, Department of Psychiatry & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.\n*Corresponding author:  Gary Donohoe, Professor of Psychology, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.\nEmail: \u0013 HYPERLINK \"mailto:donoghug@tcd.ie\" \u0014gary.donohoe@nuigalway.ie\u0015; Tel: +353-91-495122\nConflict of interest\nAll authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study.\nAbstract\nIntroduction: Social cognitive dysfunction, including deficits in facial emotion recognition and theory of mind, is a core feature of schizophrenia, and more strongly predicts functional outcome than neurocognition alone.  Although traditionally considered to play an important role in motor coordination, the cerebellum has been suggested to play a role in emotion processing and theory of mind, and also shows structural and functional abnormalities in schizophrenia.  The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the specific role of the cerebellum in emotion and theory of mind deficits in schizophrenia using previously published functional neuroimaging studies.\nMethods: PubMed and PsycINFO were used to search for all functional neuroimaging studies reporting altered cerebellum activity in schizophrenia patients during emotion processing or theory of mind tasks, published until December 2014.\nResults:  Overall, 14 functional neuroimaging studies were retrieved.  Most emotion studies reported lower cerebellum activity in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls.  In contrast, the theory of mind studies reported mixed findings.  Altered activity was observed across several posterior cerebellar regions involved in emotion and cognition.\nDiscussion: Weaker cerebellum activity in schizophrenia patients relative to healthy controls during emotion processing may contribute to blunted affect and reduced ability to recognise emotion in others.  This research could be expanded by examining the relationship between cerebellum function, symptomatology and behaviour, and examining cerebellum functional connectivity in patients during emotion and theory of mind tasks.\nKeywords: social cognition, emotion, schizophrenia, cerebellum, neuroimaging\nIntroduction\nSocial cognition consists of processes that enable people to perceive and process information about themselves and other people (1).  These processes underpin social skills used every day, such as recognising emotions from people’s faces or understanding what other people are thinking.  These skills are essential in daily life, for example understanding that another person is upset or that certain types of behaviour may be seen as inappropriate.\nImpairments in social cognition are a core feature of schizophrenia (2) and are stronger predictors of functional outcomes in employment, relationships and independent living than neurocognition alone (3).   Similarly, efforts to ameliorate social cognitive deficits are likely to significantly improve patient quality of life and social functioning.  Thus, social cognition has emerged as a potential target for developing new treatments, both pharmacological and cognitive, aimed at improving clinical outcomes.\nGiven that many pharmaceutical companies have reduced investment in drug development for psychiatric disorders due to their perceived complexity (4), elucidating the biological mechanisms underlying specific aspects of schizophrenia-related disability is a core priority for the field (e.g. as reflected in the NIMH Research Domain Criteria initiative (RdoC; 5).  Social cognition, described as ‘systems for social processe","cbCaieA92R2p1Gid","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieA92R2p1Gid","docx",410090,41,"English","# Abstract\n## Introduction\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Discussion\n# Introduction\n## Facial emotion","[{\"question\":\"What is the primary aim of the systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate the specific role of the cerebellum in emotion and theory of mind deficits in schizophrenia using previously published functional neuroimaging studies.\"},{\"question\":\"How were studies selected for the review?\",\"answer\":\"PubMed and PsycINFO searches were used to identify functional neuroimaging studies reporting altered cerebellum activity in schizophrenia during emotion processing or theory of mind tasks, published until December 2014.\"},{\"question\":\"What patterns were found for cerebellum activity in emotion versus theory of mind studies?\",\"answer\":\"Most emotion studies reported lower cerebellum activity in schizophrenia patients compared with healthy controls, whereas theory of mind studies showed mixed findings.\"}]","Emotion and Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia - Investigating the Role of the Cerebellum | DOCX"]