[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-177579-105":53,"doc-detail-177579-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","economic-sophisms-economic-sophisms","Economic Sophisms - Economic Sophisms","","This work refutes arguments raised against the Freedom of Trade, using analysis to challenge protectionist reasoning. Instead of engaging protectionists in direct debate, it aims to instill a clear principle in readers who hesitate due to sincere doubts. The author argues that protection is grounded in errors and incomplete truths, and that liberty’s benefits are not inherently hidden. By presenting arguments “cut and dried,” the text serves as a practical manual for distinguishing between competing principles.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/economic-sophisms-economic-sophisms/177579/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/economic-sophisms-economic-sophisms/177579.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Liam","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","2026-10-19","2026-09-02",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":73},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is the main purpose of the introduction?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"To refute arguments against the Freedom of Trade by addressing protectionist fallacies with clear analytical reasoning.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Does the author intend to debate protectionists directly?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"No. The author aims to instill a principle in hesitant readers rather than stage a contest with protectionists.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"On what does the author say protection is founded?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"On errors and incomplete truths, not on the true interests of people.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},177579,1792438392,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":73,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":50,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":140},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Economic Sophisms\nBy Frédéric Bastiat\n[Converted into Word by \u0013 HYPERLINK \"http://www.sabhlokcity.com/\" \u0014Sanjeev Sabhlok\u0015, 25 September 2015; \u0013 HYPERLINK \"https://mises.org/library/bastiat-collection\" \u0014Source\u0015.  I expect to annotate this version over time. Annotated version \u0013 HYPERLINK \"https://onedrive.live.com/download?resid=CDF444DE552B7D7B!11854&authkey=!ACkAuKNXrUUq85A&ithint=file%2cdocx\" \u0014here\u0015.]\nECONOMIC SOPHISMS (BOTH SERIES)\n\u0003Table of Contents\n\u0013 TOC \\o \"1-3\" \\h \\z \\u \u0014\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956865\" \u0014INTRODUCTION\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956865 \\h \u00142\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956866\" \u00141 ABUNDANCE—SCARCITY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956866 \\h \u00145\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956867\" \u00142 OBSTACLE—CAUSE\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956867 \\h \u001411\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956868\" \u00143 EFFORT—RESULT\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956868 \\h \u001413\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956869\" \u00144 TO EQUALIZE THE CONDITIONS OF PRODUCTION\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956869 \\h \u001418\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956870\" \u00145 OUR PRODUCTS ARE BURDENED WITH TAXES\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956870 \\h \u001428\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956871\" \u00146 BALANCE OF TRADE\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956871 \\h \u001432\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956872\" \u00147 PETITION OF THE MANUFACTURERS OF CANDLES, WAXLIGHTS, LAMPS, CANDLELIGHTS, STREET LAMPS, SNUFFERS, EXTINGUISHERS, AND THE PRODUCERS OF OIL, TALLOW, RESIN, ALCOHOL, AND, GENERALLY, OF EVERYTHING CONNECTED WITH LIGHTING\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956872 \\h \u001435\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956873\" \u00148 DIFFERENTIAL  DUTIES—TARIFFS\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956873 \\h \u001438\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956874\" \u00149 IMMENSE DISCOVERY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956874 \\h \u001439\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956875\" \u001410 RECIPROCITY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956875 \\h \u001442\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956876\" \u0014STULTA AND PUERA\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956876 \\h \u001442\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956877\" \u001411 NOMINAL PRICES\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956877 \\h \u001444\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956878\" \u001412 DOES PROTECTION RAISE WAGES?\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956878 \\h \u001446\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956879\" \u001413 THEORY—PRACTICE\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956879 \\h \u001448\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956880\" \u001414 CONFLICT OF PRINCIPLES\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956880 \\h \u001452\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956881\" \u001415 RECIPROCITY AGAIN\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956881 \\h \u001455\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956882\" \u001416 OBSTRUCTION—THE PLEA OF THE PROTECTIONIST\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956882 \\h \u001457\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956883\" \u001417 A NEGATIVE RAILWAY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956883 \\h \u001458\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956884\" \u001418 THERE ARE NO ABSOLUTE PRINCIPLES\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956884 \\h \u001459\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956885\" \u001419 NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956885 \\h \u001461\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956886\" \u001420 HUMAN LABOR— NATIONAL  LABOR\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956886 \\h \u001463\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956887\" \u001421 RAW MATERIALS\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956887 \\h \u001467\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956888\" \u001422 METAPHORS\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956888 \\h \u001474\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956889\" \u001423 CONCLUSION\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956889 \\h \u001477\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956890\" \u0014VII. ECONOMIC SOPHISMS— SECOND SERIES 1 NATURAL HISTORY OF SPOLIATION\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956890 \\h \u001481\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956891\" \u0014COMMENTARY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956891 \\h \u001482\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956892\" \u0014JUSTIFICATION\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956892 \\h \u001490\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956893\" \u00142 TWO SYSTEMS OF MORALS\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956893 \\h \u001492\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956894\" \u00143 THE TWO HATCHETS PETITION OF JACQUES BONHOMME, CARPENTER, TO MR. CUNINGRIDAINE, MINISTER OF COMMERCE\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956894 \\h \u001497\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956895\" \u00144 LOWER COUNCIL OF LABOR\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956895 \\h \u0014100\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956896\" \u00145 DEARNESS—CHEAPNESS\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956896 \\h \u0014104\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956897\" \u00146 TO ARTISANS AND WORKMEN\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956897 \\h \u0014111\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956898\" \u00147 A CHINESE STORY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956898 \\h \u0014118\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956899\" \u00148 POST HOC, ERGO PROPTER HOC\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956899 \\h \u0014122\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_Toc430956900\" \u00149 THE PREMIUM THEFT— ROBBERY BY SUBSIDY\t\u0013 PAGEREF _Toc430956900 \\h \u0014124\u0015\u0015\n\u0013 H","cbCainHP8lfwo6Fd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainHP8lfwo6Fd","docx",279372,"English","# Introduction\n## Abundance—Scarcity\n## Obstacle—Cause\n## Effort—Result\n## To Equalize the Conditions of Production\n## Our Products Are Burdened with Taxes\n## Balance of Trade\n## Differential Duties—Tariffs\n## Reciprocity\n## Nominal Prices\n## Does Protection Raise Wages?\n## Theory—Practice\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the introduction?\",\"answer\":\"To refute arguments against the Freedom of Trade by addressing protectionist fallacies with clear analytical reasoning.\"},{\"question\":\"Does the author intend to debate protectionists directly?\",\"answer\":\"No. The author aims to instill a principle in hesitant readers rather than stage a contest with protectionists.\"},{\"question\":\"On what does the author say protection is founded?\",\"answer\":\"On errors and incomplete truths, not on the true interests of people.\"}]","Economic Sophisms - Economic Sophisms | DOCX",1788328432,55]