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Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2007, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1991 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States.  \nThis book is printed on acid-free paper.  \n1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 RJE/RJE 1 0  \nISBN: 978-0-07-803828-0  \nMHID: 0-07-803828-6  \nVice President, Editorial: Michael Ryan  \nDirector, Editorial: Beth Mejia  \nSponsoring Editor: Mark Georgiev  \nDevelopment Editor: Susan Messer  \nEditorial Coordinator: Amy Flauaus  \nMarketing Director: Allison Jones  \nMarketing Manager: Pamela Cooper  \nMedia Project Manager: Shannon Gattens  \nProduction Editor: Ruth Sakata Corley  \nCover Designer: Laurie Entringer  \nManager, Photo Research: Brian J. Pecko  \nBuyer II: Louis Swaim  \nProduction Service: Matrix Productions, Inc.  \nComposition: 10/12 Trump Medieval by Lachina Publishing Services  \nPrinting: 45\\# New Era Matte by R.R. Donnelley & Sons  \nCover image: ©Jose Luis Stephens/Radius Images/Getty Images; iPhone: © Kacper Kida / Alamy  \nCredits: The credits section for this book begins on page 535 and is considered an extension of the copyright page.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nMoore, Brooke Noel.  \nCritical thinking / Brooke Noel Moore, Richard Parker.—10th ed.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN-13: 978-0-07-803828-0 (alk. paper)  \nISBN-10: 0-07-803828-6 (alk. paper)  \n1. Critical thinking. I. Parker, Richard (Richard B.) . II. Title.  \nB105 .T54M66 2012  \n160—dc22  \n2010050768  \nThe Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill, and McGraw-Hill does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.  \n[www.mhhe.com](www.mhhe.com)  \nBrief Table of Contents  \nChapter 1 What Is Critical Thinking, Anyway? 1  \nChapter 2 Two Kinds of Reasoning 37  \nChapter 3 Clear Thinking, Critical Thinking, and Clear Writing 69  \nChapter 4 Credibility 104  \nChapter 5 Persuasion Through Rhetoric: Common Devices and Techniques 146  \nChapter 6 More Rhetorical Devices: Psychological and Related Fallacies 184  \nChapter 7 More Fallacies 210  \nChapter 8 Deductive Arguments I: Categorical Logic 253  \nChapter 9 Deductive Arguments II: Truth-Functional Logic 295  \nChapter 10 Thinking Critically About Inductive Reasoning 349  \nChapter 11 Causal Explanation 389  \nChapter 12 Moral, Legal, and Aesthetic Reasoning 439  \niii  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nv  \nPreface xxii Acknowledgments xxiv A Note to Our Colleagues xxvi About the Authors xxviii  \nChapter 1 What Is Critical Thinking, Anyway? 1  \nIn Depth Critical Thinking, the Long Version 3  \nBeliefs and Claims 4  \nObjective Claims and Subjective Claims 5  \nIn Depth Thinking About Thinking 6  \nFact and Opinion 6  \nMoral Subjectivism 6  \nIssues 7 Arguments 8 Cognitive Biases 17  \nIn Depth Rational Choice? 19  \nTruth and Knowledge 23  \nWhat Critical Thinking Can and Can’t Do 24 A Word About the Exercises 24  \nRecap 25  \nAdditional Exercises 26  \nChapter 2 Two Kinds of Reasoning 37  \nArguments: General Features 37 Conclusions Used as Premises 38 Unstated Premises and Conclusions 38  \nIn Depth Conclusion Indicators 39  \nTwo Kinds of Arguments 39","cbCaiaYsplEbqiMS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaYsplEbqiMS","pdf",10216705,578,"English","# Chapter 1 What Is Critical Thinking, Anyway?\n## In Depth Critical Thinking, the Long Version\n## Beliefs and Claims\n## Objective Claims and Subjective Claims\n## What Critical Thinking Can and Can’t Do\n# Chapter 2 Two Kinds of Reasoning\n## Arguments: General Features\n## Two Kinds of Arguments\n## Techniques for Understanding Arguments\n## Evaluating Arguments\n# Chapter 3 Clear Thinking, Critical Thinking, and Clear Writing\n## Vagueness\n## Ambiguity\n## Generaliity\n## Defining Terms\n## Writing Argumentative Essays\n# Chapter 4 Credibility\n## The Claim and Its Source\n## Assessing the Content of the Claim\n## Does the Claim Conflict with Our Personal Observations?","[{\"question\":\"What topics does Chapter 1 cover in critical thinking fundamentals?\",\"answer\":\"Chapter 1 introduces beliefs and claims, distinguishes objective from subjective claims, discusses fact and opinion, and explains what critical thinking can and cannot do. It also includes guidance on thinking about thinking and provides a recap and additional exercises.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book explain deductive and inductive reasoning?\",\"answer\":\"Chapter 2 presents two kinds of reasoning and explains deductive arguments and inductive arguments. It also covers how conclusions and premises can be linked, including unstated premises, and offers techniques for clarifying argument structure.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the book focus on in the credibility chapter?\",\"answer\":\"The credibility chapter evaluates the claim and its source, assesses the content of the claim, and considers whether the claim conflicts with personal observations. It includes real-life and in-media examples to illustrate the evaluation process.\"}]","Critical Thinking - 10th Edition | PDF",1791925805,202]