[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-169633-en":3,"doc-seo-169633-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":96},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":11,"category_id":12,"category_name":13,"doc_title":14,"doc_description":15,"doc_content":16,"file_id":17,"file_url":18,"file_type":19,"file_size":20,"view_count":11,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":11,"is_downloadable":11,"audit_status":11,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":15,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},169633,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",1,158,"General","Court Operation - Part 3 - Judicial officers & court procedure","Court Operation Part 3 provides an organized overview of how judicial officers operate and how proceedings are managed across different court contexts. It explains procedural fairness (natural justice), judicial independence and immunity, and the Children’s Court’s judicial powers, including specific and implied powers. It then outlines procedural guidelines and step-by-step what happens in court, covering preparation, mentions, evidence rules, criminal and family division procedures, interpreters and representation, and practical rules for documents, witnesses, and recorded evidence.","3.  COURT OPERATION\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.1_Roles_of_1\" \u00143.1\tRoles of judicial officers\u0015\n\u0013HYPERLINK  \\l \"_3.1.1_Procedural_fairness_1\"\u0014\t3.1.1\tProcedural fairness (natural justice) generally\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.1.2_Actual_or\" \u0014\t3.1.2\tActual or apprehended judicial bias\u0015\n\u0013HYPERLINK  \\l \"_3.2_Judicial_Independence\"\u00143.2\tJudicial Independence & Immunity\n\u0015\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.2.1_Judicial_independence\" \u0014\t3.2.1\tJudicial independence\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.2.2_Judicial_immunity\" \u0014\t3.2.2\tImmunity of judicial officers & court officials\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK  \\l \"_3.3_Children’s_Court\" \u00143.3\tChildren’s Court Judicial Powers\n\u0015\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.1_Powers_conferred\" \u0014\t3.3.1\tContempt powers conferred by the Magistrates’ Court Act 1989\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.2_Powers_conferred_1\" \u0014\t3.3.2\tPowers conferred by the Vexatious Proceedings Act 2014\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.2_Powers_conferred\" \u0014\t3.3.3\tPowers conferred by the CYFA or any other legislation\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.3_Implied_powers\" \u0014\t3.3.4\tImplied powers to govern the process of the Court\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.4.1_Power_to\" \u0014\t\t3.3.4.1  Power to prevent an abuse of the Court’s own judicial process\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.4.2_Res_judicata,\" \u0014\t\t3.3.4.2  Res judicata & cause of action, issue, claim or Anshun estoppel\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.4.3_Requirement_of\" \u0014\t\t3.3.4.3  Requirement of leave by CCV to withdraw a protection application\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.3.4.4_Implied_power\" \u0014\t\t3.3.4.4  Implied power to reinstate a proceeding which was struck out\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4_Procedural_guidelines\" \u00143.4\tProcedural guidelines\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.1_Comprehensibility_etc.\" \u0014\t3.4.1\tComprehensibility etc.\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.2_Pilot_program\" \u0014\t3.4.2\tProgram for Intermediaries and Ground Rules Hearings\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.3_Standing_to\" \u0014\t3.4.3\tStanding to participate as a party\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.4_Interpreter\" \u0014\t3.4.4\tInterpreter\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.5_Representation_of\" \u0014\t3.4.5\tRepresentation of adults in the Family Division\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.4.6_Duty_of\" \u00143.4.6\tDuty of judicial officer to assist a self-represented litigant in the Family Division\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5_What_happens_1\" \u00143.5\tWhat happens in Court\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.1_Preparation\" \u0014\t3.5.1\tPreparation\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.2_Mention\" \u0014\t3.5.2\tMention\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK  \\l \"_3.5.3_Evidence\" \u0014\t3.5.3\tEvidence\n\u0015\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.1_Admissibility_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.1  Admissibility of evidence generally\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.2_Admissibility_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.2  Admissibility of evidence in a contested criminal case\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.3_Admissibility_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.3  Admissibility of evidence in a Family Division case\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.4_The_hearsay\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.4  The hearsay rule and exceptions thereto\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.5_Expert_evidence\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.5  Expert evidence\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.5_Illegally_or\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.6  Illegally or improperly obtained evidence\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.6_Admissibility_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.3.7  Admissibility of tendency evidence and coincidence evidence\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.8_Conflicting_evidence_1\" \u00143.5.3.8  Conflicting evidence – Dangers of demeanour – Fallibility of human memory\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.9_Inadmissibility_without\" \u00143.5.3.9  Leave required to adduce confidential communication or protected health info\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.10__Common\" \u00143.5.3.10 Common knowledge\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.11__Admissibility\" \u00143.5.3.11 Admissibility of evidence of distress\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.3.12__Tendering\" \u00143.5.3.12 Tendering of documents\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.4_Contested_Criminal\" \u0014\t3.5.4\tContested Criminal Division cases\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.4.1_The_usual\" \u0014\t\t3.5.4.1  The usual procedure\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.4.2_Application_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.4.2  Application of Part 8.2 of the Criminal Procedure Act 2009\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.5_Use_of\" \u0014\t3.5.5\tUse of recorded evidence [VARE] in certain criminal cases\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLINK \\l \"_3.5.5.1_Use_of\" \u0014\t\t3.5.5.1  Use of recorded evidence-in-chief of a child or cognitively impaired witness\u0015\n\u0013 HYPERLIN","cbCailE114DSAiWR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailE114DSAiWR","docx",722248,195,"English","en",105,"# Roles of judicial officers\n## Procedural fairness (natural justice) generally\n## Actual or apprehended judicial bias\n# Judicial Independence & Immunity\n## Judicial independence\n## Immunity of judicial officers & court officials\n# Children’s Court Judicial Powers\n## Contempt powers conferred by the Magistrates’ Court Act 1989\n## Powers conferred by the Vexatious Proceedings Act 2014\n## Implied powers to govern the process of the Court\n# Procedural guidelines\n## Comprehensibility etc.\n## Program for Intermediaries and Ground Rules Hearings\n## Interpreter\n# What happens in Court\n## Preparation and Mention\n## Evidence (admissibility, hearsay, expert evidence)\n## Contested Criminal and Contested Family Division cases","[{\"question\":\"What does procedural fairness (natural justice) require in court proceedings?\",\"answer\":\"Procedural fairness focuses on ensuring the process is fair, with attention to how decisions are reached and how parties are treated. It is addressed as a general principle under natural justice.\"},{\"question\":\"How do judicial independence and judicial immunity protect court decision-making?\",\"answer\":\"Judicial independence safeguards decision-making from improper influence. Judicial immunity protects judicial officers and court officials in their judicial functions.\"},{\"question\":\"What judicial powers does the Children’s Court have?\",\"answer\":\"The Children’s Court’s powers include contempt powers conferred by the Magistrates’ Court Act 1989, powers under other specified legislation, and implied powers to govern the court process, such as preventing abuse and managing reinstatement of struck-out proceedings.\"},{\"question\":\"How is evidence managed, including admissibility and hearsay rules?\",\"answer\":\"The guidance covers general admissibility of evidence, admissibility in contested criminal and family division cases, the hearsay rule and exceptions, and other evidence topics such as expert evidence and legally/improperly obtained evidence.\"}]","Court Operation - Part 3 - Judicial officers & court procedure | DOCX",1788259333,68,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":33,"title":14,"keywords":34,"description":15,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":91,"head_meta":93,"extra_data":95,"updated_unix":28},"court-operation-part-3-judicial-officers-court-procedure","",{"@graph":36,"@context":90},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/","Template",2,{"item":49,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":52,"name":14,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/court-operation-part-3-judicial-officers-court-procedure/169633/",4,{"url":52,"name":14,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":14,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":23,"description":15,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","2026-09-04","2026-09-01",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":47},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82,86],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What does procedural fairness (natural justice) require in court proceedings?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"Procedural fairness focuses on ensuring the process is fair, with attention to how decisions are reached and how parties are treated. It is addressed as a general principle under natural justice.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How do judicial independence and judicial immunity protect court decision-making?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"Judicial independence safeguards decision-making from improper influence. Judicial immunity protects judicial officers and court officials in their judicial functions.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What judicial powers does the Children’s Court have?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The Children’s Court’s powers include contempt powers conferred by the Magistrates’ Court Act 1989, powers under other specified legislation, and implied powers to govern the court process, such as preventing abuse and managing reinstatement of struck-out proceedings.",{"name":87,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":88},"How is evidence managed, including admissibility and hearsay rules?",{"text":89,"@type":77},"The guidance covers general admissibility of evidence, admissibility in contested criminal and family division cases, the hearsay rule and exceptions, and other evidence topics such as expert evidence and legally/improperly obtained evidence.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":92,"og:title":14,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":15},"article",{"robots":94,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":97},[98,103,108,113,118,123,128,133,138],{"id":99,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},11,"Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":104,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":109,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":114,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":119,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":124,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":129,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":132},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":134,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":135,"show_sort_weight":136,"slug":137},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":12,"doc_module":11,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":13,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":139},"general-158"]