[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-240944-105":53,"doc-detail-240944-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","cosmic-user-story-standard","Cosmic User Story Standard","","User Story is a widely used Agile requirements technique, defined as brief, high-level descriptions of required functionality written in customer language during early requirement gathering. The COSMIC method is a second-generation functional size measurement approach, where estimation precision depends on requirement detailing level. Existing user story templates can omit information needed for COSMIC measurement, so this paper proposes a more COSMIC-expressive template and evaluates it through a qualitative community survey.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/cosmic-user-story-standard/240944/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cosmic-user-story-standard/240944.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Đào","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is the purpose of user stories in Agile development?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"User stories concisely capture functional requirements using customer language early in the requirements process, providing enough information to estimate implementation effort.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does COSMIC functional size measurement relate to user story detail?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"In COSMIC, estimation precision is directly proportional to the level of requirement detailing, since better detailing supports more accurate size measurement.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why introduce a new COSMIC-oriented user story template?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Current user story templates may ignore important information required for COSMIC measurement, leading to less expressive sizing; the new template aims to better support COSMIC size estimation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},240944,1791737877,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":30,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":140},1374402968488,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Cosmic User Story Standard  \nMiguel Ecar 1(B), Fabio Kepler 1,2 , and Joa˜o Pablo S. da Silva1  \n1 Campus Alegrete, Federal University of Pampa,  \n810 Tiaraju´ Avenue, Alegrete, RS, Brazil  \n[miguel@ecarsm.com](miguel@ecarsm.com) , {fabiokepler,[joaosilva](joaosilva}@unipampa.edu.br)[}](joaosilva}@unipampa.edu.br)[@unipampa.edu.br](joaosilva}@unipampa.edu.br)  \n2 Unbabel, Lisbon, Portugal  \n[http://unbabel.com](http://unbabel.com)  \n[http://ecarsm.com](http://ecarsm.com)  \nAbstract. User Story is a technique widely used in Agile development.  \nIt is characterised as short and high level descriptions of required functionality, written in customer language during the very early requirement gathering stage and containing just enough information to produce the estimated implementation effort. The COSMIC method is a second generation technique for function size measurement. The requirement estimation precision in COSMIC is directly proportional to the requirement detailing level. Current templates for user stories writing might ignore important information for COSMIC measurement purposes. This paper introduces a new template for writing user stories which is more expressive in terms of COSMIC size estimation. We performed a qualitative survey to introduce this new user story template to the COSMIC community, intending to capture the COSMIC users opinion in terms of expressiveness and how valuable it is. The survey points to promising results considering the COSMIC users opinion about the new template.  \nThis study contributes to agile requirements from the COSMIC users point of view. This new template may be a step forward in terms of user story estimation for COSMIC sizing based projects.  \nKeywords: COSMIC · Functional Size Measurement · User Story  \nAgile requirements · Agile development  \n1 Introduction  \nThe area of Software Requirements is concerned with the elicitation, analysis, specification, and validation of software requirements [1] . There are a large number of styles and techniques for writing software requirements, including, for example, requirements list, Use Cases (UC), User Stories (US), and Formal Specification.  \nThe Extreme Programming (XP) software development framework introduced the idea of User Stories (US), which are basically use cases that concisely capture functional requirements. Developers usually split it up requirements into  \n􀀂c The Author(s) 2018  \nJ. Garbajosa et al. (Eds.): XP 2018, LNBIP 314, pp. 3–18, 2018 . [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91602-6](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91602-6_1)[_](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91602-6_1)[1](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91602-6_1)  \n4 M. Ecar et al.  \nUS [2] and typically write user stories on cards to describe each system functionality that the customer desires [3] .  \nUser story is one of the most widespread techniques for writing requirements in agile environments. User Stories have gained popularity among agile approaches, being one of the main techniques used when the subject is requirements engineering in agile environments. There is a common template to write user stories, however a number of different extensions have been adding or suppressing information, according to the application context.  \nDespite this, current requirements specification techniques used in agile software development are customer-oriented and, from the developers point of view, have proven to be insufficient [4] . In other words, there are more information from the customer point of view written in a too high level than from the developers perspective, with some implementation details. Moreover, user stories might reflectin documentation debt [5], which can cause significant impact in terms of maintenance effort and cost in agile software development projects, which drive developers to misunderstanding. Thus, it could be detailed and to continue in high level.  \nFunctional Size Measurement (FSM) was proposed in order to obtain better units of sizing. According to ","cbCaislIIwi0lp04","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaislIIwi0lp04","pdf",662623,"English","# Introduction\n## Software requirements and user stories\n## Functional Size Measurement and COSMIC\n## COSMIC sizing in Agile development","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of user stories in Agile development?\",\"answer\":\"User stories concisely capture functional requirements using customer language early in the requirements process, providing enough information to estimate implementation effort.\"},{\"question\":\"How does COSMIC functional size measurement relate to user story detail?\",\"answer\":\"In COSMIC, estimation precision is directly proportional to the level of requirement detailing, since better detailing supports more accurate size measurement.\"},{\"question\":\"Why introduce a new COSMIC-oriented user story template?\",\"answer\":\"Current user story templates may ignore important information required for COSMIC measurement, leading to less expressive sizing; the new template aims to better support COSMIC size estimation.\"}]","Cosmic User Story Standard | PDF",1789167832,6]