[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-571441-105":53,"doc-detail-571441-en":127},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":120,"head_meta":122,"extra_data":124,"updated_unix":126},105,"en","cardiovascular-rhythm-interpretation-reference-guide-staff-enrolled-in-the-emergency-nursing-provincial-education-program-enpep","Cardiovascular Rhythm Interpretation Reference Guide - staff enrolled in the Emergency Nursing Provincial Education Program (ENPEP)","","Cardiovascular Rhythm Interpretation Reference Guide for staff enrolled in the Emergency Nursing Provincial Education Program (ENPEP) summarizes key rhythm characteristics for rapid identification. It covers normal sinus rhythms and variants (sinus bradycardia, tachycardia, and sinus arrhythmia), plus atrial dysrhythmias including premature atrial complexes, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and wandering atrial pacemaker. For each rhythm, it lists conduction and recognizable wave features, rate/regularity ranges by age, and core signs, symptoms, and management priorities such as rate control and cardioversion.",{"@graph":63,"@context":119},[64,80,102],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":51,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/general/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/cardiovascular-rhythm-interpretation-reference-guide-staff-enrolled-in-the-emergency-nursing-provincial-education-program-enpep/571441/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/cardiovascular-rhythm-interpretation-reference-guide-staff-enrolled-in-the-emergency-nursing-provincial-education-program-enpep/571441.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Terk","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-13",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":101},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":103,"mainEntity":104},"FAQPage",[105,111,115],{"name":106,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":108},"How are normal sinus rhythm (NSR) features recognized on a rhythm strip?","Question",{"text":109,"@type":110},"NSR is generated by the sinus node and travels normally through the AV node to the ventricles. It shows a regular rhythm with a P wave preceding each QRS complex, normal QRS, and a normal PR interval.","Answer",{"name":112,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":113},"What distinguishes sinus bradycardia from normal sinus rhythm?",{"text":114,"@type":110},"Sinus bradycardia is the same conduction pattern as sinus rhythm but with a slower rate (adult \u003C 60/min). It typically remains regular, with a P wave preceding each QRS and normal QRS and PR interval.",{"name":116,"@type":107,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What are the key clinical and management priorities in atrial fibrillation?",{"text":118,"@type":110},"Atrial fibrillation shows an irregularly irregular rhythm with no identifiable P waves and generally normal QRS. Management prioritizes the risk of blood clot and embolic stroke, including rate control (e.g., diltiazem or beta blockers) and cardioversion for unstable or new onset cases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":121,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":123,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":125,"site_id":56},571441,1792116175,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":128},{"doc_id":125,"user_id":129,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":130,"doc_module":9,"category_id":50,"category_name":51,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":131,"file_id":132,"file_url":133,"file_type":134,"file_size":135,"view_count":101,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":30,"language":136,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":137,"faqs":138,"seo_title":139,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":140,"read_time":141},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Cardiovascular Rhythm Interpretation Reference Guide For staff enrolled in the Emergency Nursing Provincial Education Program (ENPEP)  \nUnique/identifiable characteristics of rhythm highlighted  \n\n| Rhythm | Description/ Conduction | Rate and Regularity | Complexes |  |  | Signs and symptoms/ Management |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Sinus Rhythms |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Normal sinus\u003Cbr>rhythm (NSR) | Electrical signal is generated by the sinus node and travelling in a normal fashion in the heart (via AV node to ventricles) | Rate:\u003Cbr>Adult: 60-100/min\u003Cbr>Infant: 100-180/min\u003Cbr>Child: 75-118/min\u003Cbr>Rhythm: Regular | P wave: Precedes each QRS complex\u003Cbr>QRS: Normal\u003Cbr>PR interval: Normal \u003C5 small Squares |  |  |  |\n| |  |  |  | \u003Cbr>Media Credit: Emergency Nurses Association (2019) . Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0 Cardiovascular Emergencies Part 1. Reproduced under license. |  |  |\n| Sinus bradycardia | Same as sinus rhythm with slower conduction rate | \u003Cbr>Rate:\u003Cbr>Adult: Less than 60/min\u003Cbr>Child: Slower than normal rate for age Rhythm: Regular | P wave: Precedes each QRS complex\u003Cbr>QRS: Normal\u003Cbr>PR interval: Normal |  |  | May be 'normal' in a healthy athletic person. May be due to increased vagal tone (i.e. drug abuse, hypoglycemia, increased ICP)\u003Cbr>Usually benign; Often seen in patients on beta blockers Signs and symptoms\u003Cbr>Decreased cardiac output from slow HR (decreased LOC, chest pain, syncope, hypertension)\u003Cbr>Management\u003Cbr>Symptomatic: Atropine; TC pacing; Dopamine or epinephrine infusion |\n| |  |  |  |  | \u003Cbr>Media Credit: Emergency Nurses Association (2019) . Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0 Cardiovascular Emergencies Part 1. Reproduced under license. |  |\n\n\n| Rhythm | Description/ Conduction | Rate and Regularity | Complexes |  | Signs and symptoms/ Management |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Sinus tachycardia | Same as sinus rhythm with faster conduction rate | \u003Cbr>Rate:\u003Cbr>Adult: Exceeds 100/min\u003Cbr>Infant: Faster than normal but usually \u003C220/min\u003Cbr>Child: Faster than normal but usually \u003C180/min Rhythm: Regular | P wave: Precedes each QRS complex Can merge with T waves as the rate increases QRS: Normal\u003Cbr>PR: Normal |  | Signs and symptoms\u003Cbr>Dependent on rate. Signs of decreased cardiac output if faster rate sustained\u003Cbr>Management Normal homeostatic response to any increased demand for cardiac output. Interventions focused on treating cause (i. e. volume loss, fever, pain, exercise, anxiety, stimulant use, tissue ischemia) |\n| |  |  |  | \u003Cbr>Media Credit: Emergency Nurses Association (2019) . Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0 Cardiovascular Emergencies Part 1. Reproduced under license. |  |\n| Sinus arrhythmia | Sinus rhythm that varies in rateIncreases with inspiration; decreases with expiration | Rate: Normal\u003Cbr>Rhythm:\u003Cbr>Slightly irregular | P wave: Normal\u003Cbr>QRS: Normal\u003Cbr>PR: Normal |  | Common in pediatrics and young adults, not requiring interventions |\n| |  |  |  | \u003Cbr>Media Credit: Emergency Nurses Association (2019) . Emergency Nursing Orientation 3.0 Cardiovascular Emergencies Part 1. Reproduced under license. |  |\n\n\n| Rhythm | Description/ Conduction | Rate and Regularity | Complexes |  |  | Signs and symptoms/ Management |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Atrial Dysrhythmias |  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| Premature atrial complexes (PAC) | Ectopic beats initiated by an irritable atrial focus. They usually are transient, but may lead to another atrial dysrhythmia or paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia | Rate: Normal\u003Cbr>Rhythm: Irregular | \u003Cbr>P wave: Usually narrow and early in PAC\u003Cbr>QRS: Normal\u003Cbr>PR: Usually short, normal or prolonged in PAC complex\u003Cbr>Aside from the PACs, therest of rhythm is normal. |  |  | Causes of atrial irritation: stimulant use (caffeine, nicotine, illicit drugs), alcohol consumption, hypoxia, electrolyte imbalance, ischemia) .\u003Cbr>Management\u003Cbr>Rarely need treatment |\n| |  |  |  |  | \u003Cbr>Media Credit: Emergency Nurses Association (2019)","cbCaib0samHFtwQA","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib0samHFtwQA","pdf",2531621,"English","# Cardiovascular rhythm reference guide\n## Sinus rhythms\n### Normal sinus rhythm (NSR)\n### Sinus bradycardia\n### Sinus tachycardia\n### Sinus arrhythmia\n## Atrial dysrhythmias\n### Premature atrial complexes (PAC)\n### Atrial fibrillation\n### Atrial flutter\n### Wandering atrial pacemaker","[{\"question\":\"How are normal sinus rhythm (NSR) features recognized on a rhythm strip?\",\"answer\":\"NSR is generated by the sinus node and travels normally through the AV node to the ventricles. It shows a regular rhythm with a P wave preceding each QRS complex, normal QRS, and a normal PR interval.\"},{\"question\":\"What distinguishes sinus bradycardia from normal sinus rhythm?\",\"answer\":\"Sinus bradycardia is the same conduction pattern as sinus rhythm but with a slower rate (adult \\u003c 60/min). It typically remains regular, with a P wave preceding each QRS and normal QRS and PR interval.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key clinical and management priorities in atrial fibrillation?\",\"answer\":\"Atrial fibrillation shows an irregularly irregular rhythm with no identifiable P waves and generally normal QRS. Management prioritizes the risk of blood clot and embolic stroke, including rate control (e.g., diltiazem or beta blockers) and cardioversion for unstable or new onset cases.\"}]","Cardiovascular Rhythm Interpretation Reference Guide - staff enrolled in the Emergency Nursing Provincial Education Program (ENPEP) | PDF",1791917517,6]