[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-1-en-105":3,"doc-seo-237298-105":53,"doc-detail-237298-en":126},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,14,19,24,29,34,39,44,49],{"id":8,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":11,"show_sort_weight":12,"slug":13},11,1,"Template","Presentations",90,"presentations",{"id":15,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":16,"show_sort_weight":17,"slug":18},12,"Resumes",80,"resumes",{"id":20,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":21,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":23},14,"Invoices",70,"invoices",{"id":25,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":26,"show_sort_weight":27,"slug":28},15,"Posters",60,"posters",{"id":30,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":31,"show_sort_weight":32,"slug":33},16,"Social Media",50,"social-media",{"id":35,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":36,"show_sort_weight":37,"slug":38},17,"Forms",40,"forms",{"id":40,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":41,"show_sort_weight":42,"slug":43},18,"Letters",30,"letters",{"id":45,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":46,"show_sort_weight":47,"slug":48},21,"Paper Templates",5,"papers-templates",{"id":50,"doc_module":9,"doc_module_name":10,"category_name":51,"show_sort_weight":4,"slug":52},158,"General","general-158",{"code":4,"msg":54,"data":55},"ok",{"site_id":56,"language":57,"slug":58,"title":59,"keywords":60,"description":61,"schema_data":62,"social_meta":119,"head_meta":121,"extra_data":123,"updated_unix":125},105,"en","biomass-ground-phase-skp-decomposition-retrieval","BIOMASS Ground Phase - SKP Decomposition Retrieval","","BIOMASS Ground Phase Retrieval outlines methods for estimating the ground phase and enabling tomography-ready processing for the BIOMASS Earth Explorer mission. It describes mission context and objectives, then compares retrieval strategies including SKP decomposition and phase linking. The workflow covers interferometric and polarimetric coherence handling, Level-1 coregistration and phase calibration, ground/volume separation, residual screen and terrain phase treatment, and steering toward zero. Simulation and AfriSAR tests evaluate trade-offs between single-baseline and multi-baseline solutions, with noted impacts on terrain retrieval quality and DTM resolution.",{"@graph":63,"@context":118},[64,80,101],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/biomass-ground-phase-skp-decomposition-retrieval/237298/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"image":82,"author":87,"headline":59,"publisher":90,"fileFormat":93,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":94,"datePublished":95,"encodingFormat":93,"isAccessibleForFree":96,"interactionStatistic":97},"DigitalDocument",{"url":83,"@type":84,"width":85,"height":86},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/biomass-ground-phase-skp-decomposition-retrieval/237298.png","ImageObject",442,249,{"name":88,"@type":89},"Emma Mercer","Person",{"url":68,"name":91,"@type":92},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-11",true,{"@type":98,"interactionType":99,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":100},"ViewAction",{"@type":102,"mainEntity":103},"FAQPage",[104,110,114],{"name":105,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":107},"What is the purpose of ground phase retrieval in BIOMASS processing?","Question",{"text":108,"@type":109},"Ground phase retrieval provides a proxy for DTM estimation and supports phase calibration and ground steering so that Level-2 tomography processing is ready. It isolates ground-related components from residual screens and terrain phase.","Answer",{"name":111,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How does SKP decomposition estimate ground phase?",{"text":113,"@type":109},"SKP decomposition separates ground and volume contributions using multibaseline PolInSAR coherence. It estimates triangular ground phase from NxN ground InSAR coherence so that the phase center corresponds to terrain, aside from statistical errors.",{"name":115,"@type":106,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are the key differences between single-baseline combined and multi-baseline combined approaches?",{"text":117,"@type":109},"Single baseline combined terrain can be biased, and missing acquisitions can jeopardize the result because of different solution space around the data gap. Both approaches require a consistent number of looks, and experiments indicate further filtering may improve single-baseline combined results.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":120,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":91,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":122,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":124,"site_id":56},237298,1791712011,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":127},{"doc_id":124,"user_id":128,"nickname":88,"user_avatar":129,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":130,"file_id":131,"file_url":132,"file_type":133,"file_size":134,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":30,"language":135,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":139,"read_time":140},962084925502,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","SKP Decomposition for BIOMASS Ground Phase Retrieval  \nBanda, Francesco (1); Tebaldini, Stefano (2)  \n1: aresys, Italy; 2: Politecnico di Milano, Italy  \nESA UNCLASSIFIED-For ESA Official Use Only  \nBIOMASS  \n2  \n2  \nLaunched April 29, 2025, ESA’s seventh Earth Explorer Mission, BIOMASS, carries the first P-band SAR ever flown in space , to gather fully polarimetric acquisitions over forested areas worldwide in interferometric and tomographic modes  \nMission Objectives  \no to determine the distribution of aboveground biomass in the  \nworld’s forests  \no to measure annual changes in this stock over the period of the mission  \nP-Band waves ( 􀟣 = 70 􀜿􀝉 ) penetrate the vegetation layer down to the underlying terrain, while giving rise to backscattering from trunks and branches  \n􀂟 P-Band provides sensitivity to the whole forest vertical structure , as demonstrated by 3D tomographic analyses  \nLidar DTM & Forest height  \nLidar DTM & Forest height  \nVertical sections from AfriSAR (Gabon)  \nBIOMASS INTERFEROMETRY   \nRetrieval of forest products and experimental processing (ice, desert) largely relies on interferometry:  \no stacks of 7 acquisitions in TOM phase  \no 15% of critical baseline spacing  \no vertical resolution of about 23 m (at the equator)  \no stacks of 3 acquisitions in INT phase  \no 30% of critical baseline spacing  \no revisit of 3 days  \nPolarimetric diversity helps in characterization/calibration:  \no ground phase locking  \no forest/scenario properties  \nLevel-1 stacks are coregistered and phase calibrated:  \no correction of ionosphere, baseline errors, troposphere  \n3  \nBIOMASS GROUND  \nPHASE  \no Ground phases contain residual low-pass screens and terrain phase  \no estimated from BIOMASS InSAR processor (after ionospheric calibration)  \no residual low-pass screens are mostly due to troposphere  \no Ground phase calibrated stacks are Level-2 and Tomography ready  \no phase calibration and ground steering to zero  \no Ground phase is a proxy for DTM estimation  \no  Estimation is currently based on SKP decomposition  \n4  \nSKP GROUND  \nPHASE  \no SKP decomposition provides ground/volume separation from multibaseline PolInSAR coherence  \no Triangular ground phase is estimated from NxN ground InSAR coherence  \no  Phase center should correspond to terrain, except for statistical errors  \nAlternative version:  \no compute N-1 SKPDs  \no filter resulting phases  \no integration  \n5  \no Optionally exclude (low coherence) cross-pol  \no Post-filtering sometimes improves result  \nsingle baseline  \nSKP GROUND PHASE  \nMulti vs single baseline combined comparison:  \no on BIOMASS simulation from AfriSAR  \no ground steered and calibrated stack  \nResults:  \no single baseline combined estimated terrain is biased  \n o missing acquisition jeopardizes single baseline combined  \n➢ different solution space in correspondence of gap  \n➢ Both require a consistent number of looks  \n➢ coherence scale of some 100s m  \n➢ experiments always suggest further  filtering for single-baseline combined  \no low impact for CAL  \no lower res for DTM  \n6  \nPHASE LINKING GROUND PHASE   \nAn alternative to SKPD is Phase Linking  \no ML estimator of triangular phases from NxNInSAR coherence  \no Single polarization, HH preferred  \no purely interferometric  \nBIOMASS coherence  \no very regular baseline progression  \no quick drops due to wavenumber shift (low bandwidth)  \n➢ Limit estimation to small baselines  \no simplest form: integral of step-1 phases  \nPhase center does not correspond to terrain  \n➢ need to pair with terrain locking  \n7  \nPHASE LINKING GROUND PHASE   \nSteering with estimated phases vs phase centre (on calibrated AfriSAR)  \no Consistency between phases and phase center ensures tomogram structure is preserved  \no Works better by limiting to smaller baselines (scene is \"more triangular\")  \no Also requires a consistent number of looks  \n➢ coherence scale of some 100s m  \n8  \nTEST ON AFRISAR  \no Reprocessed to BIOMASS resolution  \no Stack already calibrated (ini","cbCairO9G0749hx1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairO9G0749hx1","pdf",3721367,"English","# Mission Objectives\n## BIOMASS Interferometry and Polarimetric Diversity\n## Level-1 Stacks, Phase Calibration, and Ground Phase\n# SKP Ground Phase Retrieval\n## SKP Decomposition and Ground/Volume Separation\n## Single vs Multi Baseline Comparison\n# Phase Linking Ground Phase\n## Triangular Phase Estimation and Terrain Locking\n# Tests on AfriSAR and Results","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of ground phase retrieval in BIOMASS processing?\",\"answer\":\"Ground phase retrieval provides a proxy for DTM estimation and supports phase calibration and ground steering so that Level-2 tomography processing is ready. It isolates ground-related components from residual screens and terrain phase.\"},{\"question\":\"How does SKP decomposition estimate ground phase?\",\"answer\":\"SKP decomposition separates ground and volume contributions using multibaseline PolInSAR coherence. It estimates triangular ground phase from NxN ground InSAR coherence so that the phase center corresponds to terrain, aside from statistical errors.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key differences between single-baseline combined and multi-baseline combined approaches?\",\"answer\":\"Single baseline combined terrain can be biased, and missing acquisitions can jeopardize the result because of different solution space around the data gap. Both approaches require a consistent number of looks, and experiments indicate further filtering may improve single-baseline combined results.\"}]","BIOMASS Ground Phase - SKP Decomposition Retrieval | PDF",1789111220,6]