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This paper analyzes one million recent Solana blocks to quantify block and transaction behavior, including block sizes, transaction execution time units, and fees, as well as the Solana programs invoked by transactions. Using the mandated readset and writeset declarations, it derives conflict statistics and conflict graphs per block to evaluate parallelism potential. Data and code are provided as open source.",{"@graph":63,"@context":112},[64,80,95],{"@type":65,"itemListElement":66},"BreadcrumbList",[67,71,74,77],{"item":68,"name":69,"@type":70,"position":9},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":72,"name":10,"@type":70,"position":73},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/",2,{"item":75,"name":11,"@type":70,"position":76},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/presentations/",3,{"item":78,"name":59,"@type":70,"position":79},"https://docshare.wps.com/template/analyzing-solanas-blocks-and-transactions-abstract/565154/",4,{"url":78,"name":59,"@type":81,"author":82,"headline":59,"publisher":85,"fileFormat":88,"inLanguage":57,"description":61,"dateModified":89,"datePublished":89,"encodingFormat":88,"isAccessibleForFree":90,"interactionStatistic":91},"DigitalDocument",{"name":83,"@type":84},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":68,"name":86,"@type":87},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-12",true,{"@type":92,"interactionType":93,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":94},"ViewAction",{"@type":96,"mainEntity":97},"FAQPage",[98,104,108],{"name":99,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":101},"What data does the paper analyze?","Question",{"text":102,"@type":103},"The paper analyzes a million recent Solana blocks, deriving statistics from blocks, transactions, execution time units, fees, invoked programs, and readsets/writesets.","Answer",{"name":105,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":106},"How does the paper study transaction conflicts?",{"text":107,"@type":103},"It uses each transaction’s declared readset and writeset to identify conflicts within each block and constructs conflict graphs to summarize conflict structure.",{"name":109,"@type":100,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What do the findings say about parallel execution on Solana?",{"text":111,"@type":103},"Most blocks show a low number of conflicts, yet Solana can incur long conflict chains. The paper also suggests coloring-based approaches could reduce block execution time by improving scheduling compared to the current arbitrary block order.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":78,"og:type":114,"og:title":59,"og:site_name":86,"og:description":61},"article",{"robots":116,"canonical":78},"index,follow",{"doc_id":118,"site_id":56},565154,1791847285,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":121},{"doc_id":118,"user_id":122,"nickname":83,"user_avatar":123,"doc_module":9,"category_id":8,"category_name":11,"doc_title":59,"doc_description":61,"doc_content":124,"file_id":125,"file_url":126,"file_type":127,"file_size":128,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":9,"is_downloadable":9,"audit_status":9,"page_count":129,"language":130,"language_code":57,"site_id":56,"html_lang":57,"table_of_contents":131,"faqs":132,"seo_title":133,"seo_description":61,"update_tm":119,"read_time":134},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","arXiv : 2609 .35 17 1v 1 [cs .DC] 28 Sep 2026  \nAnalyzing Solana’s Blocks and Transactions  \nYaron Hay, Dvir David Biton, and Roy Friedman  \nTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology  \nAbstract. Solana is one of the most popular blockchains, and is arguably the most widely used blockchain for smart contracts, also known as dApps. Understanding the types of smart contracts that are being executed by Solana and their interplay is therefore highly beneficial both for designers of modern blockchains and developers of smart contracts.  \nTo that end, in this paper we analyze a million recent Solana blocks.  \nWe report statistics about the size of blocks (number of transactions per block), execution time units for individual transactions and fees, and invoked Solana programs. Further, based on the declared readset and writeset of each transaction, as mandated by Solana, we analyze the conflicts and corresponding conflict graphs arising within each block. These latter statistics are important to understand the potential for parallelism in the network, which is one of the main claimed benefits of Solana. The data [53] and code [20] are available in open source.  \n1 Introduction  \nMany modern blockchains support smart contract execution, which enables extending their utility beyond simple asset transfers, and turn them into general purpose decentralized applications execution engines. A key distinction between blockchains and traditional distributed databases is that blockchain replicas do not mutually trust one another. As a result, each replica. commonly referred to as a miner or validator, must independently execute and verify every transaction. While blockchain performance was historically constrained by inefficient consensus protocols, modern consensus mechanisms are capable of ordering hundreds of thousands of transactions per second [5,6,11,15,16,24,48,50,54] . Consequently, transaction execution and validation have emerged as the primary performance bottlenecks [27] .  \nUnderstanding the types of transactions executed on a blockchain, their object access patterns, and the resulting inter-transaction conflicts is key to optimizing performance. For example, being able to predict which objects will be accessed allows for pre-warming, which can reduce execution latency. Parallel execution is another established technique for improving performance [2,17,23,26,29][33,36,37,42,45,52] . However, to ensure correctness, concurrent execution of transactions within a block must be deterministically serializable [37,44]; that is, all validators must observe executions equivalent to the same logical sequential order. Consequently, the degree of achievable parallelism is inherently constrained by transaction conflicts. Identifying transaction types or objects responsible for  \na significant share of these conflicts can therefore inform targeted optimizations, such as redesigning smart contract logic to reduce contention.  \nIn addition, understanding how the distribution of transactions’ execution times can help with resources planning at validator nodes. Understanding the fee distribution can potentially help users optimize their code structure and improve their pricing strategies, as well as expose anomalies.  \nIn this work, we analyze transactions from the Solana blockchain [22] . Solana is a highly popular blockchain in terms of transactions volume and marketcap, and arguably the most widely used platform for smart contracts. Solana avoids sharding, and instead relies on a parallelization engine to expedite local execution [52] . In order to facilitate this, Solana also mandates pre-declaration of readsets and writesets, which simplifies the task of detecting potential conflicts between transactions within the same block. Hence, we have downloaded and analyzed one million recent Solana blocks (at the time of writing), and report our findings below.  \nSummary of Findings  \n– While the execution time of individual transactions seems to be inver","cbCaijXPaffOoltK","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijXPaffOoltK","pdf",1153487,19,"English","# Introduction\n## Summary of Findings\n## Related Work","[{\"question\":\"What data does the paper analyze?\",\"answer\":\"The paper analyzes a million recent Solana blocks, deriving statistics from blocks, transactions, execution time units, fees, invoked programs, and readsets/writesets.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper study transaction conflicts?\",\"answer\":\"It uses each transaction’s declared readset and writeset to identify conflicts within each block and constructs conflict graphs to summarize conflict structure.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the findings say about parallel execution on Solana?\",\"answer\":\"Most blocks show a low number of conflicts, yet Solana can incur long conflict chains. The paper also suggests coloring-based approaches could reduce block execution time by improving scheduling compared to the current arbitrary block order.\"}]","Analyzing Solana’s Blocks and Transactions - Abstract | PDF",7]