[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-377487-105":59,"doc-detail-377487-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","zinc-deficiency-as-a-general-feature-of-cancer-a-review-of-the-literature","Zinc Deficiency as a General Feature of Cancer - a Review of the Literature","","Trace elements are minerals present in very low concentrations yet essential for many physiological functions. Zinc, the second most abundant trace element, is obtained mainly from the diet and distributed after intestinal uptake to multiple target organs. It supports immunity, protein folding, apoptosis, and antioxidant activity, so zinc deficiency is observed across numerous diseases, especially cancer. This review summarizes evidence linking low serum or tissue zinc to a broad range of cancers and evaluates zinc measurement as a potential clinical biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/zinc-deficiency-as-a-general-feature-of-cancer-a-review-of-the-literature/377487/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/zinc-deficiency-as-a-general-feature-of-cancer-a-review-of-the-literature/377487.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"awa","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is zinc important for normal physiological functions?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Zinc is required for many enzymatic reactions and supports processes such as immunity, protein folding, apoptosis, and antioxidant activity.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How is zinc deficiency connected to cancer?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Low zinc levels have been reported in multiple cancers, and accumulating evidence suggests serum, plasma, or tissue zinc may relate to carcinogenesis.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What clinical use is proposed for measuring zinc levels?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The review discusses preliminary findings that zinc level measurement could become a useful clinical tool for cancer diagnosis and predicting outcomes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},377487,1790622968,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747858093,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Biological Trace Element Research (2024) 202:1937–1947  \n[https://doi.org/10.1007/s1201](https://doi.org/10.1007/s1201) 1-023-03818-6  \nZinc Deficiency as a General Feature of Cancer: a Review  \nof the Literature  \nRie Sugimoto1 · Lingaku Lee1 · Yuki Tanaka1 · Yusuke Morita1 · Masayuki Hijioka1 · Terumasa Hisano1 · Masayuki Furukawa1  \nReceived: 18 May 2023 / Accepted: 16 August 2023 / Published online: 2 September 2023 © The Author(s) 2023  \nAbstract  \nTrace elements are minerals that are present in very low concentrations in the human body and yet are crucial for a wide range of physiological functions. Zinc, the second most abundant trace element, is obtained primarily from the diet. After being taken up in the intestine, zinc is distributed to various target organs, where it plays key roles in processes such as immunity, protein folding, apoptosis, and antioxidant activity. Given the important role of zinc in a wide range of enzymatic reactions and physiological processes, zinc deficiency has been identified in a variety of diseases, notably cancer. In recent years, multiple meta-analyses and reviews looking at zinc levels in individual cancer types have been published, as have a plethora of primary studies demonstrating a link between low zinc levels and specific types of cancer. In this review, we summarize recent evidence implicating low zinc concentrations in serum or tissues as a characteristic in a wide range of cancers. We also discuss preliminary findings indicating that zinc level measurement could ultimately become a useful clinical tool for cancer diagnosis and predicting outcomes in patients with cancer. Finally, we suggest future directions for further elucidating the role of zinc deficiency in cancer development and progression.  \nKeywords Zinc deficiency · Trace elements · Cancer diagnosis · Cancer prognosis · Biomarker  \nIntroduction  \nTrace elements are minerals that are present at very low concentrations in the human body and are crucial for proper physiological function. Some trace elements are considered to be nutritionally essential, meaning they must be obtained from the diet, while others are nonessential. Each trace element is typically present at a concentration of \u003C 0.1% of the body volume and can be readily detected in the blood and other bodily tissues. Trace elements that are well known for their roles in human health and physiology include iron, zinc, iodine, fluoride, and copper. Zinc is the second most abundant trace element after iron [1 , 2] . Zinc is obtained primarily from the diet and absorbed in the intestine [3, 4] . Its bioavailability is strongly affected by dietary composition, which affects its uptake by the digestive system [5, 6] .  \n* Rie Sugimoto [sugirie5@yahoo.co.jp](sugirie5@yahoo.co.jp)  \n1 Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-Ku, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan  \nAfter being taken up in the intestine, zinc is distributed to various target organs throughout the body, with concentrations tending to be highest in bone and muscle, followed by the skin and liver [7] .  \nZinc plays a variety of key roles in the human body (Fig. 1) . For example, it is crucial to signaling processes involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis [8] . Zinc ions are required for the catalytic activity of a multitude of enzymes, notably the zinc finger proteins, which contain a zinc finger motif stabilized by a zinc ion. This large family of proteins has been implicated in processes as diverse as transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, signal transduction, actin targeting, and DNA repair [9] . In addition to these roles, zinc functions as an antioxidant and plays an essential role in immunity. As reviewed by Prasad, zinc inhibits inflammatory cytokine production and decreases plasma oxidative stress markers [10, 11] . Other studies showed that copper-zinc superoxide dismutase protec","cbCaikeUpVz6S91t","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikeUpVz6S91t","pdf",788227,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Zinc Deficiency in Cancer","[{\"question\":\"Why is zinc important for normal physiological functions?\",\"answer\":\"Zinc is required for many enzymatic reactions and supports processes such as immunity, protein folding, apoptosis, and antioxidant activity.\"},{\"question\":\"How is zinc deficiency connected to cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Low zinc levels have been reported in multiple cancers, and accumulating evidence suggests serum, plasma, or tissue zinc may relate to carcinogenesis.\"},{\"question\":\"What clinical use is proposed for measuring zinc levels?\",\"answer\":\"The review discusses preliminary findings that zinc level measurement could become a useful clinical tool for cancer diagnosis and predicting outcomes.\"}]","Zinc Deficiency as a General Feature of Cancer - a Review of the Literature | PDF",1790225585,28]