[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-152324-en":3,"doc-seo-152324-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":27,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":11},152324,962084925782,"Chloe Bennett","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc",8,"Research & Report","Zac Crellin - ‘I have a dream’ mural site visit","Explores the ‘I have a dream’ mural on King St in Newtown and links its imagery to Aboriginal political activism shaped by international black solidarities. Focuses on early Aboriginal affiliation with the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) and the transition to the Australian Aboriginal Progress Association (AAPA), emphasizing how Garvey’s ideas were adapted locally. Analyzes the AAPA emblem and motto, then connects nearby workplaces and boxing history to cross-Pacific awareness. Argues that the mural preserves erased historical knowledge and sustains optimism and pride.","‘I have a dream’ mural site visit  \nZac Crellin  \nGrowing up in the Inner West, I always found it strange that the ‘I have a dream’ mural on King St featured Martin Luther King Jr’s face above an Aboriginal flag. After considering the site’s deep history more thoughtfully, I now realise the significance of black internationalism, particularly developments in the United States, in Aboriginal peoples’ fight for rights.  \nCaption: The 'I have a dream' mural on King St is a focal point in the heat of Newtown.  \nIn this photo, a family of Japanese tourists are taking photos of each other in front of it;  \na testament to the significance of the site across broader society.  \nEarly Aboriginal affiliation with the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) was completely new to me, as I have always assumed any sort of activism or organising by Aboriginal people was more aligned with other indigenous peoples’ struggles around the world. I was interested by Maynard’s (2005) explanation of how after the Sydney branch of the UNIA was reorganised into the Australian Aboriginal Progress Association (AAPA), the group’s leaders nevertheless “saw parallels between the ideology of [Marcus] Garvey’s movement and their own experiences. They cleverly unpacked Garvey’s ideals and remodelled it to their own experience in Australia. They built their platform around Garvey’s call for pride in culture, solid economic base, and strong association to land of birth.”  \nThese ideas initially spread from contact between Aboriginal wharf labourers and black seamen from overseas, during which “an appreciation of an international black struggle developed among Aboriginal people”(Maynard 2005) . This contact is how Aboriginal leaders became aware of the works of Marcus Garvey, W.E.B. DuBois and others. Because Aboriginal workers worked alongside seamen from North America, the Caribbean, West Africa, the Pacific Islands and the Indian subcontinent, it makes sense that they could develop a sense of international solidarity with these marginalised, black communities.  \nIn analysing the AAPA, Maynard (2005) draws attention to the association’s emblem and motto. Over the years these included the phrase “One God! One aim! One destiny!” and “Australia for Australians”. The former was the same as that of the UNIA, and the latter an excerpt from Garvey’s poem Africa for the Africans. This incorporation of Garvey’s rhetoric serves as a metonym for a deeper and more holistic sense of solidarity Aboriginal people had with black communities in the Americas and beyond.  \nInterestingly, the former Eveleigh Railway Yards and IXL Jam Factory, both of which are walking distance from the mural, were similarly large employers of working class Aboriginal people in Sydney (Barani 2013a; Barani 2013b) . Much closer to the mural is the former site of Ern McQuillan’s Gym, which was “the best known training gym for Koori boxers” (A history of Aboriginal Sydney 2015) before it burned down in 1967. This is relevant as world-renowned African-American boxing champion Jack Johnson’s victories in Sydney prompted a boom in crossPacific black solidarity (Maynard 2005) .  \nThus Newtown and its surrounds are a natural location for a public artwork expressing AboriginalAfrican American solidarity. Through both work and sport, the Aboriginal community of inner Sydney was exposed to a world of solidarity and optimism from likeminded people in similar situations. Although not explicitly international in nature, Martin Luther King Jr’s leadership in the civil rights movement could have been perceived from an Aboriginal/Australian perspective as a continuation of the efforts of Garvey, DuBois and others who preceded him.  \nMaynard (2005) notes that the Australian history of the UNIA and the AAPA has been sadly erased from the public consciousness. Personally, I was wholly unaware of it, despite having a strong interest in Aboriginal, African and black histories. That later generations of Aboriginal","cbCaiktJEfD9tud7","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiktJEfD9tud7","pdf",661594,1,3,"English","en",105,"# ‘I have a dream’ mural site visit\n## Personal reflection on the mural’s symbolism\n## UNIA to AAPA: Garveyism and international solidarity\n## Emblem, motto, and historical erasure\n## Nearby sites, boxing, and cross-Pacific connections","[{\"question\":\"Why is the ‘I have a dream’ mural in Newtown significant to Aboriginal rights struggles?\",\"answer\":\"The mural’s placement and symbolism are interpreted as reflecting black internationalism and the role of developments in the United States in Aboriginal struggles for rights.\"},{\"question\":\"How did UNIA ideas connect to Australian Aboriginal political activism?\",\"answer\":\"After the Sydney UNIA branch was reorganised as the AAPA, leaders saw parallels with Garvey’s movement and reshaped Garvey’s ideals—culture pride, economic grounding, and ties to land—around their own Australian experiences.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did contact between Aboriginal wharf labourers and black seamen play?\",\"answer\":\"Such contact helped Aboriginal leaders become aware of figures like Marcus Garvey and W.E.B. DuBois, fostering a sense of international solidarity with marginalized black communities.\"}]","Zac Crellin - ‘I have a dream’ mural site visit | PDF",1787859436,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"zac-crellin-i-have-a-dream-mural-site-visit","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/zac-crellin-i-have-a-dream-mural-site-visit/152324/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-04","2026-08-27",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"Why is the ‘I have a dream’ mural in Newtown significant to Aboriginal rights struggles?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The mural’s placement and symbolism are interpreted as reflecting black internationalism and the role of developments in the United States in Aboriginal struggles for rights.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How did UNIA ideas connect to Australian Aboriginal political activism?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"After the Sydney UNIA branch was reorganised as the AAPA, leaders saw parallels with Garvey’s movement and reshaped Garvey’s ideals—culture pride, economic grounding, and ties to land—around their own Australian experiences.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What role did contact between Aboriginal wharf labourers and black seamen play?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"Such contact helped Aboriginal leaders become aware of figures like Marcus Garvey and W.E.B. DuBois, fostering a sense of international solidarity with marginalized black communities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,109,114,119,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]