[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-270298-105":59,"doc-detail-270298-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","writing-a-discussion-summary-guide-for-structuring-and-language","Writing a discussion summary - guide for structuring and language","","A practical guide to writing a strong discussion section that connects study findings with existing theory and published literature. It outlines the discussion’s purpose—reviewing results, placing them in the research context, explaining significance, acknowledging limitations, and recommending future work. It also provides a planning and structuring workflow, typical steps for journal articles or theses, and language guidance on boosters, hedgers, differentiation from other research, and tense selection for interpretation, significance, and future recommendations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/writing-a-discussion-summary-guide-for-structuring-and-language/270298/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/writing-a-discussion-summary-guide-for-structuring-and-language/270298.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Miles","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What should an effective discussion section include?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It should review the findings, place them in the context of overall research, explain the importance of the results and how they fit current literature, acknowledge study limitations, and make recommendations for future research.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do you plan and structure a discussion section?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Planning starts by analysing the data and then organising results by trends or causal relationships, selecting significant findings against hypotheses or prior work, and relating results to the literature. Structuring typically follows steps such as reviewing purpose/theory/methodology, summarising key results, commenting on results, stating limitations, and making recommendations.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How should researchers adjust language when interpreting results?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Researchers should use boosters to reflect clear confidence and hedgers to express likelihood or limited certainty. They should also differentiate their work from others’ research and use appropriate tenses for summarising findings, referencing ongoing work, interpreting results, and making future recommendations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},270298,1789455351,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},13056703019404,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Writing a discussion summary  \nIntroduction  \nYour discussion section helps draw connections between your findings, existing theory, and other research. It does this by both analysing and interpreting the results of a study, placing these results in the context of published literature, and explaining how the results affect the field.  \nPurpose  \nAn effective discussion will  \n• Review the findings  \n• Put the findings in the context of overall research  \n• Explain the importance of the results and where they fit with current literature  \n• Acknowledge the limitations of the study  \n• Make recommendations for future research  \nPlanning a discussion section  \nPlanning for a discussion starts with analysing your data. Depending on the type of research, this may wait until the data is collected, or occur earlier as the data already exists. A typical approach to this stage of the process is:  \n• Analysing the results by organising your data, identifying trends or causal relationships in the themes  \n• Selecting significant results by focusing on a number of issues that agree or disagree with your hypothesis or previously published work  \n• Relating the results to the literature by showing the connection to papers that led to your hypothesis, experimental design and results  \n• Moving from the narrowest to the broadest in your discussion by discussing the narrowest (your specific findings) to the broadest (the wider scientific community)  \nStructuring your discussion  \nA discussion section usually contains most of the following steps:  \n• Step 1 – review research purpose, theory and methodology  \n• Step 2 – summarise key results  \n• Step 3 – comment on key results  \n• Step 4 – state the limitations of the study  \n• Step 5 – make recommendations for implementation/future research  \nThese steps may vary depending on whether the study is published in a journal article or as a thesis.  \nWriting a discussion section  \nLanguage tip 1  \nResearchers choose languagethat reflects the level of confidence in their interpretation of results. These choices include:  \n• Boosters – clearly/importantly/evidently  \n• Hedgers – likely/possibly/to some extent/seems  \nLanguage tip 2  \nIt is important to use language that differentiates your research from others .  \n• Your research – my data/our findings/this research/this study has shown/this research has demonstrated  \n• Other research – Smith (2019) found/Previous studies highlighted/this study has similar findings to those found my Smith (2019)  \nLanguage tip 3  \nIt is important to use a range of language to discuss different aspects of your study. For example  \n• Summarizing your results – the purpose of this study was/the results of the present study support/there are three key findings of the present study  \n• Linking your findings to previous research – these results are consistent with/this finding is similar to/the findings of this study support  \n• Explaining the results – one reason for this result may be/one possible explanation for this is/this may be due to  \n• Evaluating the results – these results are important because/this is valuable because  \n• Discussing limitations – there are at least three potential limitations/Afirst limitation concerns/Certain limitations could be addressed by/although the results support   it is important to note  \nLanguage tip 4  \nIt is important to use tenses appropriately  \n• Past tense is used to summarise key findings and refer to previous studies  \n• Present perfect is used to refer to the work of previous researchers, especially when it is ongoing  \n• Present tense is used to interpret the results or describe significance of the findings  \n• Future is used to make recommendations for further research or future direction","cbCaibWxpQKHRloi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibWxpQKHRloi","pdf",250896,"English","# Introduction\n# Purpose\n# Planning a discussion section\n# Structuring your discussion\n# Writing a discussion section\n## Language tip 1\n## Language tip 2\n## Language tip 3\n## Language tip 4","[{\"question\":\"What should an effective discussion section include?\",\"answer\":\"It should review the findings, place them in the context of overall research, explain the importance of the results and how they fit current literature, acknowledge study limitations, and make recommendations for future research.\"},{\"question\":\"How do you plan and structure a discussion section?\",\"answer\":\"Planning starts by analysing the data and then organising results by trends or causal relationships, selecting significant findings against hypotheses or prior work, and relating results to the literature. Structuring typically follows steps such as reviewing purpose/theory/methodology, summarising key results, commenting on results, stating limitations, and making recommendations.\"},{\"question\":\"How should researchers adjust language when interpreting results?\",\"answer\":\"Researchers should use boosters to reflect clear confidence and hedgers to express likelihood or limited certainty. They should also differentiate their work from others’ research and use appropriate tenses for summarising findings, referencing ongoing work, interpreting results, and making future recommendations.\"}]","Writing a discussion summary - guide for structuring and language | PDF"]