[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-113225-en":3,"doc-seo-113225-105":28,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":89},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":11,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":26,"read_time":27},113225,4398048950312,"Violet","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002538284de19e3c?_k=1778320343897328908",8,"Research & Report","Women, Business and the Law 2022 - Executive Summary","Women, Business and the Law 2022 assesses legal constraints and incentives affecting women’s economic participation across 190 economies, highlighting how laws shape outcomes across working lives. The index measures discrimination in law, legal rights, and certain benefits, offering governments a framework to identify barriers and accelerate reforms. Despite incremental progress, discriminatory laws persist during global challenges including COVID-19, leaving billions without equal economic opportunities and creating risks of widening gender gaps.","Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \n1  \nExecutive Summary  \nFindings  \nWhen societies become more equal, economies become more resilient. Besides being the right thing to do, gender equality makes economic sense. The World Bank estimates that, globally, differences between men’s and women’s total expected lifetime earnings is $172.3 trillion, equivalent to twice the world gross domestic product (GDP) (Wodon et al. 2020) . As such, adopting laws that strengthen women’s rights and opportunities is an essential first step toward a more resilient and inclusive world. Women, Business and the Law 2022 measures global progress toward gender equality in 190 economies by identifying the laws and regulations that restrict and incentivize women’s economic participation. Whether a 25-year-old starting her first job, a mother balancing work with caring for her children, or a woman on the verge of retirement, the eight indicators show the ways in which laws affect women throughout their working lives (figure ES. 1) .  \nThe Women, Business and the Law index measures explicit discrimination in the law, legal rights, and the provision of certain benefits, areas in which reforms can bolster women’s labor force participation. Governments can use this framework to identify barriers to women’s success, remove them, and boost economic inclusion. Amid development challenges that disproportionately affect women, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, a legal environment that supports their work is more important than ever. Yet all over the world, discriminatory laws are exacerbating the effects of an already difficult period.  \nFIGURE ES.1 | THE EIGHT WOMEN, BUSINESS, AND THE LAW INDICATORS  \nMobility  \nExamines constraints on freedom of movement  \nPay  \nMeasures laws and regulations a􀀐ecting women’s pay  \nParenthood  \nExamines laws a􀀐ecting women’s work after having children  \nAssets  \nConsiders gender di􀀐erencesin property and inheritance  \nWorkplace  \nAnalyzes laws a􀀐ecting  \nwomen’s decisions to work Source: Women, Business and the Law team.  \nMarriage  \nAssesses legal constraints related to marriage  \nEntrepreneurship  \nAnalyzes constraints on women’s starting and running businesses  \nPension  \nAssesses laws a􀀐ecting the size of a woman’s pension  \nBillions of women still do not have the same legal rights as men. The global average Women, Business and the Law score is 76.5 out of 100, indicating that a typical woman has just three-quarters of the rights of men in the areas measured (map ES. 1) . While the average score is half a point higher than in 2020, nearly 2.4 billion women of working age worldwide still are not afforded equal economic opportunities. Just 12 economies score 100, indicating that women are on equal legal standing with men across all areas. The most persistent gaps remain in the areas of Pay and Parenthood, demonstrating that many economies have yet to remove restrictions or introduce the good-practice legal rights and benefits identified. Among regions, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) high-income region, Europe and Central Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean have the highest average scores. The Middle East and North Africa has the lowest average score of 53.0. Nevertheless, in every region there are governments implementing good-practice laws and those that still have room to improve.  \nReform is critical for women’s empowerment. Women continue to face major challenges that threaten to widen gender gaps and entrench existing inequalities. They earn less than men for the same work and face a greater risk of violence in their homes. Coupled with the pandemic’s ongoing nature, the global community is at risk of reversing the progress that has been made to bring women into the workforce. Women’s economic rights should be strengthened so that they can have equal access to public support programs and digital technologies, such as mobile phones, computers, and the ","cbCaietV76aSwjqd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaietV76aSwjqd","pdf",1417133,1,"English","en",105,"# Executive Summary\n## Findings\n### The eight indicators\n### Global legal gaps and regional scores\n### Reform progress and effects\n## Strong laws and stronger economies","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of Women, Business and the Law 2022?\",\"answer\":\"It measures global progress toward gender equality by identifying laws and regulations that restrict or incentivize women’s economic participation across 190 economies.\"},{\"question\":\"Which areas do the eight Women, Business and the Law indicators cover?\",\"answer\":\"They include Mobility, Pay, Parenthood, Assets, Workplace, Marriage, Entrepreneurship, and Pension.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report describe the economic impact of gender equality laws?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that strengthening women’s rights and opportunities improves economic resilience and can generate large benefits by reducing inequalities in economic 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